Radio standards and measurements
Radio standards and frequency measurements - radio waves, atomic time standards, international time unit, and optical radio frequency measurement techniques
ATOMIC CLOCK↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Standardization activity for the spacecraft onboard interfaces
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is an international organization of national space agencies that is organized to promote theinterchange of space related information. CCSDS is branching out to provide new standards to enhanced reuse of spacecraft equipment and software onboard of a spacecraft. This effort is know as Spacecraft Onboard Interface (SOIF). SOIF expects that these standards will be well used within the space community, and that they will be based on the well-known Internet protocols. This paper will provide a description of the SOIF work by reviewing this work with three orthogonal views. The Services View describes the data communications services that are provided to the users. The Interoperability view provides a description to users on how to use SOIF to interchange between different spacecraft data busses. And finally, the Protocol view, describes the protocols and services that are to be implemented in order to provide the users with the advantages of the SOIF architecture. This paper will give the reader an excellent introduction to the work of the international SOIF team.
Spacecraft interfaces standard interfaces CCSDS↗
Lossless Coding Standards for Space Data Systems
The International Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is preparing to issue its first recommendation for a digital data compression standard. Because the space data systems of primary interest are employed to support scientific investigations requiring accurate representation, this initial standard will be restricted to lossless compression.
digital data compression digital data compression ↗
Terahertz Waveguide Standards
A viewgraph presentation on terahertz waveguide standards is shown. The topics include: 1) Why new standards are needed; 2) Rectangular waveguide sizes; and 3) Waveguide flanges
submillimeter wave waveguides↗
Overview of International Space Standards
This presentation reviews space standards as put forth by the International Organization for Standardization, additionally the organizational structure for both the international and US groups are presented. A new technical committee for space is proposed, areas of technical coverage are highlighted and models of space communications protocol and space link access service are presented.
spaceport data communications↗
V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Range of Standard Model Accretion Disks
A chi-squared analysis of standard model accretion disk synthetic spectrum fits to combined Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectra of V3885 Sagittarius, on an absolute flux basis, selects a model that accurately represents the observed spectral energy distribution. Calculation of the synthetic spectrum requires the following system parameters. The cataclysmic variable secondary star period-mass relation calibrated by Knigge in 2006 and 2007 sets the secondary component mass. A mean white dwarf (WD) mass from the same study, which is consistent with an observationally determined mass ratio, sets the adopted WD mass of 0.7M(solar mass), and the WD radius follows from standard theoretical models. The adopted inclination, i = 65 deg, is a literature consensus, and is subsequently supported by chi-squared analysis. The mass transfer rate is the remaining parameter to set the accretion disk T(sub eff) profile, and the Hipparcos parallax constrains that parameter to mas transfer = (5.0 +/- 2.0) x 10(exp -9) M(solar mass)/yr by a comparison with observed spectra. The fit to the observed spectra adopts the contribution of a 57,000 +/- 5000 K WD. The model thus provides realistic constraints on mass transfer and T(sub eff) for a large mass transfer system above the period gap.
MASS TRANSFER RATE↗
Reliability Analysis and Standardization of Spacecraft Command Generation Processes
center dot In order to reduce commanding errors that are caused by humans, we create an approach and corresponding artifacts for standardizing the command generation process and conducting risk management during the design and assurance of such processes. center dot The literature review conducted during the standardization process revealed that very few atomic level human activities are associated with even a broad set of missions. center dot Applicable human reliability metrics for performing these atomic level tasks are available. center dot The process for building a "Periodic Table" of Command and Control Functions as well as Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) models is demonstrated. center dot The PRA models are executed using data from human reliability data banks. center dot The Periodic Table is related to the PRA models via Fault Links.
human errors.↗
Investigating the Impacts of a Separation Standard for UAS Operations in Enroute and Transition Airspace
Unmanned aircraft systems will be required to equip with a detect and avoid system in order to satisfy the federal aviation regulations to remain well clear of other aircraft. To comply with regulations in today’s operations manned aircraft must “see and avoid” other aircraft and use subjective judgment to determine whether those aircraft are well clear. For a detect-and- avoid (DAA) system to satisfy the requirement to stay well clear, a quantitative definition of well clear needs to be defined and evaluated. Definitions for the boundary of well clear have been proposed by the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Executive Committee Science and Research Panel (SaRP) and the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Special Committee 228 on Detect and Avoid Systems. This study investigates the interoperability implications of UAS using proposed well clear definitions as a separation standard for conducting operations in the national airspace system. The first analysis in the study focuses on the effect of variations in well clear definition parameters on the rate of losses of well clear per flight hour. The second analysis considers three well clear definitions and presents the relative state conditions of intruder aircraft as they encroach upon the well clear boundary. The third analysis focuses on the definition of the alerting criteria needed to inform the UAS operator of a potential loss of well clear. All three analyses are conducted in a NAS-wide fast-time simulation environment using UAS aircraft models, proposed UAS missions, and historical air defense radar data to populate the background traffic operating under visual flight rules. The results from the three analyses presented in this study inform the safety case, requirements development, and the operational environment for the DAA minimum operational performance standards.
UAS Seperation Standard↗
Report on International Standards Organization Activities in Space Environments
During the last year the International Standards Organization has initialed meetings among representatives of the spacefaring nations to develop standardized models for space environments. This work is intended to facilitate the design of joint missions and the development of international markets for spacecraft components. NASA is heavily involved in this effort, and other government agencies are coming on board. This paper describes progress and plans for this activity.
International↗
The Impact of Divergent Space Standards Systems
The United States has always had a decentralized system of standards...This paper comapres the divergent methods of space standardization for the U.S. and Europe and evaluates the impact on future space endeavors. It proposes some concepts for avoiding problems and misunderstandings and suggests hoe the decentralized U.S. system could work felicitously with the ECSS.
standards↗
A Survey of NASA Standard Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE)
This document provides a comprehensive review to trace the evolution of NASA’s Standard nondestructive evaluation (NDE) flaw sizes provided in NASA-STD-5009B for fracture-critical metallic spaceflight hardware. A NASA Standard NDE flaw size is considered to be conservative such that most inspectors, trained and certified in the specific method, are expected to provide the required 90/95 probability of detection (POD) for that flaw size. As such, individual certified inspectors are not required to perform POD demonstration testing to be allowed to inspect fracture-critical hardware for that specific method.
Probability of Detection↗
Standards for AI/ML and Emerging Technologies
Standards development activities require a keen and deep understanding of the problem being solved by the standard as well as the technologies being deployed in any reference implementation of the solution. It is important to understand the mechanisms and limits of the fundamental, underlying science of implementation and verification technologies used to realize and assure systems. We need to understand the limits of what current process and metrics can provide with respect to new technologies. US leadership is important in this endeavor, and it is vital that we have a measured approach that yields sound results. We wish to start with simple, well-defined, non-safety critical applications and then progress to functions which have (1) clearly defined requirements, (2) means of checking the answer/output, and (3) means of intervention and mitigation of incorrect answers/outputs.
Standards Development↗
Assurance Issues in Developing AI/ML Components (and their Standards) for Civil Aviation
Standards development activities require a keen and deep understanding of the problem being solved by the standard as well as the technologies being deployed in any reference implementation of the solution. It is important to understand the mechanisms and limits of the fundamental, underlying science of implementation and verification technologies used to realize and assure systems. We need to understand the limits of what current process and metrics can provide with respect to new technologies. US leadership is important in this endeavor, and it is vital that we have a measured approach that yields sound results. We wish to start with simple, well-defined, non-safety critical applications and then progress to functions which have (1) clearly defined requirements, (2) means of checking the answer/output, and (3) means of intervention and mitigation of incorrect answers/outputs.
Aviation Safety↗
From many body wee partons dynamics to perfect fluid: a standard model for heavy ion collisions
We discuss a standard model of heavy ion collisions that has emerged both from experimental results of the RHIC program and associated theoretical developments. We comment briefly on the impact of early results of the LHC program on this picture. We consider how this standard model of heavy ion collisions could be solidified or falsified in future experiments at RHIC, the LHC and a future Electro-Ion Collider.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Combined CDF and D0 Searches for the Standard Model Higgs Boson Decaying to Two Photons with up to 8.2 fb^-1
We combine results from CDF and D0's direct searches for the standard model (SM) Higgs boson (H) produced in p{bar p} collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, focusing on the decay H {yields} {gamma}{gamma}. We compute upper limits on the Higgs boson production cross section times the decay branching fraction in the range 100 < m{sub H} < 150 GeV/c{sup 2}, and we interpret the results in the context of the standard model. We use the MSTW08 parton distribution functions and the latest theoretical cross section predictions when testing for the presence of a SM Higgs boson. With datasets corresponding to 7.0 fb{sup -1} (CDF) and 8.2 fb{sup -1} (D0), the 95% C.L. upper limits on Higgs boson production is a factor of 10.5 times the SM cross section for a Higgs boson mass of 115 GeV/c{sup 2}.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Search for Beyond the Standard Model Physics at D0
The standard model (SM) of particle physics has been remarkably successful at predicting the outcomes of particle physics experiments, but there are reasons to expect new physics at the electroweak scale. Over the last several years, there have been a number of searches for beyond the standard model (BSM) physics at D0. Here, we limit our focus to three: searches for diphoton events with large missing transverse energy (E{sub T}), searches for leptonic jets and E{sub T}, and searches for single vector-like quarks. We have discussed three recent searches at D0. There are many more, including limits on heavy neutral gauge boson in the ee channel, a search for scalar top quarks, a search for quirks, and limits on a new resonance decaying to WW or WZ.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
An introduction to TR-X: a simplified tool for standardized analysis
TR-X is a multi-platform program that provides a graphical interface to Monte Carlo N-Particle transport (MCNP) and Monte Carlo N-Particle transport eXtended (MCNPX) codes. Included in this interface are tools to reduce the tedium of input file creation, provide standardization of model creation and analysis, and expedite the execution of the created models. TR-X provides tools to make the rapid testing of multiple permutations of these models easier, while also building in standardization that allows multiple solutions to be compared.
45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
Searches for high-mass standard model Higgs boson at the Tevatron
Searches for the Standard Model Higgs boson at a center-of-mass energy of {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using up to 5.4 fb{sup -1} of data collected with the CDF and D0 detectors at the Fermilab Tevatron collider in the mass range around 160 GeV/c{sup 2} are presented. As no significant excess is observed, limits on standard-model Higgs boson production are set.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗