Tables of component reliability for binomial redundancy applications
Component reliability tables for binomial redundancy applications with computer program
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Component reliability tables for binomial redundancy applications with computer program
Nonlinear filter algorithm for attitude computation in strapdown inertial navigation system
Matrizant of two body problem or integrable dynamic system for applications to computing perturbations and differential correction of orbits with observations
NASTRAN computer program applications in stress analysis performed on Skylab hardware
Ray trace equations for conic surfaces, noting application in computer programs for unusual systems
The JANNAF turbulent boundary layer (TBL) computer program, applicable to rocket nozzles, requires a wall temperature distribution among other input parameters to determine boundary layer behavior, heat transfer, and performance degradation. The inclusion of a complete regenerative cooling cycle model with associate geometry, material and fluid property data provides a capability to internally calculate wall temperature profiles on the hot gas and coolant flow-side, as well as the coolant flow bulk temperature variation. Besides the regular heat transfer and performance degradation calculations, the new concept can be used to optimize the cooling cycle, flow requirements, and cooling jacket geometry.
After a general treatment of the gathering power of particle telescopes, exact formulae are presented for the geometrical factor and directional response of multielement cylindrically symmetric telescopes with circular or rectangular cross sections. Some useful approximations to these formulae are given. For the gathering power in arbitrary geometries, there is a discussion of applicable digital computer techniques focusing particularly on a Monte Carlo method.
Discussion of the application of computer models to collisionless stellar systems. Two more recent computer models - i.e., the two-dimensional rod model, and the model for disks of stars - are described. It is shown that the dynamics of collisionless stellar systems can be studied by representing the system by large numbers of representative stars.
It is argued that the typical nuclear region of a comet, under a variety of circumstances, consists of a central icy nucleus surrounded by an extended icy halo of grains forming a supplementary source for the observed atmospheric constituents. A complete hydrodynamic description of a neutral atmosphere corresponding to such a distributed source model when the predominant 'parent-molecule' is H2O is given, and numerical results corresponding to two different velocity distributions of the icy halo consistent with smaller and larger grains are computed. The applicability and relevance of these models are discussed.
The application of computer interactive graphics to three-dimensional structural analysis was described, with emphasis on the following aspects: (1) structural analysis, and (2) generation and checking of input data and examination of the large volume of output data (stresses, displacements, velocities, accelerations). Handling of three-dimensional input processing with a special MESH3D computer program was explained. Similarly, a special code PLTZ may be used to perform all the needed tasks for output processing from a finite element code. Examples were illustrated.
The design and application of computer graphics to the Terminal Configured Vehicle (TCV) program were described. A Boeing 737-100 series aircraft was modified with a second flight deck and several computers installed in the passenger cabin. One of the elements in support of the TCV program is a sophisticated simulation system developed to duplicate the operation of the aft flight deck. This facility consists of an aft flight deck simulator, equipped with realistic flight instrumentation, a CDC 6600 computer, and an Adage graphics terminal; this terminal presents to the simulator pilot displays similar to those used on the aircraft with equivalent man-machine interactions. These two displays form the primary flight instrumentation for the pilot and are dynamic images depicting critical flight information. The graphics terminal is a high speed interactive refresh-type graphics system. To support the cockpit display, two remote CRT's were wired in parallel with two of the Adage scopes.
It is noted that the concept of factory-to-pad testing is based on the shipment of a flight-ready spacecraft to the launch base and can be achieved by thorough and comprehensive factory testing of the spacecraft. The principal objectives and results of this approach are shown to be significant cost reductions, increased test effectiveness, and fewer flight problems. Key elements for this concept's success are discussed, including factory-to-pad commonality of support equipment, test requirements and procedures, test teams, and computer programs. Applications of this approach in the space-shuttle era are considered, and a preliminary factory-to-pad concept for the Large Space Telescope spacecraft is presented.
Application of computational fluid dynamics to the design and analysis of supercritical wing sections is discussed. Computer programs used to study the flight of modern aircraft at high subsonic speeds are listed and described. The cascades of shockless transonic airfoils that are expected to increase the efficiency of compressors and turbines are included.
Progress in the development and future requirements of the Variable Stream Control Engine (VSCE) are presented. The two most critical components of this advanced system for future supersonic transports, the high performance duct burner for thrust augmentation, and the low jet coannular nozzle were studied. Nozzle model tests substantiated the jet noise benefit associated with the unique velocity profile possible with a coannular nozzle system on a VSCE. Additional nozzle model performance tests have established high thrust efficiency levels only at takeoff and supersonic cruise for this nozzle system. An experimental program involving both isolated component and complete engine tests has been conducted for the high performance, low emissions duct burner with good results and large scale testing of these two components is being conducted using a F100 engine as the testbed for simulating the VSCE. Future work includes application of computer programs for supersonic flow fields to coannular nozzle geometries, further experimental testing with the duct burner segment rig, and the use of the Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) Testbed Program for evaluating the VSCE duct burner and coannular nozzle technologies.
Topics are presented on navigation systems, inner planets, comets and asteroids, outer planets, earth orbital applications, and computational methods. Individual subjects include an overview of the Navstar Global Positioning System and the Navy Navigation Satellite System, the solar probe mission, Uranus mission options, as well as a study of lifetimes of geosynchronous transfer orbits, and the price of oil in the year 2000.
A joint NASA/industry project called Integrated Programs for Aerospace-vehicle Design (IPAD) is described, which has the goal of raising aerospace-industry productivity through the application of computers to integrate company-wide management of engineering data. Basically a general-purpose interactive computing system developed to support engineering design processes, the IPAD design is composed of three major software components: the executive, data management, and geometry and graphics software. Results of IPAD activities include a comprehensive description of a future representative aerospace vehicle design process and its interface to manufacturing, and requirements and preliminary design of a future IPAD software system to integrate engineering activities of an aerospace company having several products under simultaneous development.
A fast Fourier transform algorithm for the RCA 1802microprocessor was developed for spacecraft instrument applications. The computations were tailored for the restrictions an eight bit machine imposes. The algorithm incorporates some aspects of Walsh function sequency to improve operational speed. This method uses a register to add a value proportional to the period of the band being processed before each computation is to be considered. If the result overflows into the DF register, the data sample is used in computation; otherwise computation is skipped. This operation is repeated for each of the 64 data samples. This technique is used for both sine and cosine portions of the computation. The processing uses eight bit data, but because of the many computations that can increase the size of the coefficient, floating point form is used. A method to reduce the alias problem in the lower bands is also described.
A fast algorithm was developed for accurately generating boundary conforming, three dimensional, consecutively refined, computational grids applicable to arbitrary axial turbomachinery geometry. The method is based on using a single analytic function to generate two dimensional grids on a number of coaxial axisymmetric surfaces positioned between the hub and the shroud. These grids are of the "O" type and are characterized by quasi-orthogonality, geometric periodicity, and an adequate resolution throughout the flowfield. Due to the built in additional nonorthogonal coordinate stretching and shearing, the grid lines leaving the trailing of the blade end at downstream infinity, thus simplifying the numerical treatment of the three dimensional trailing vortex sheet.