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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,495 records · Page 83
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1973

Overall evaluation of ERTS-1 imagery for cartographic application

The author has identified the following significant results. Significant scientific conclusions are: (1) Bulk RBV's have internal positional accuracy in the order of 70 meters at ground scale while MSS internal accuracy is in the order of 200 to 300 meters. Both have precision processed images with accuracy within 70 meters. (2) Image quality exhibited by detectability and acutance is better than expected and perhaps twice as good as would be achieved by photographic film of the same resolution. (3) Photometric anomalies (shading) have limited RBV multispectral application, but it is believed that these anomalies can be further reduced. (4) The MSS has exceptionally high photometric fidelity but the matching of scenes taken under different conditions of illumination has not been resolved. (5) MSS bands 6 and 7 have enormous potential for surface water mapping including the correlation of shorelines at various water stages. (6) MSS band 7 demonstrates an actual cloud penetration capability beyond what was expected. It also has delineated cultural features better than the other MSS bands under certain conditions.

Colvocoresses, A. P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

ERTS-B imagery interpretation techniques in the Tennessee Valley

There are no author-identified significant results in this report. The proposed investigation is a continuation of an ERTS-1 project. The principal missions are to serve as the principal supporter on computer and image processing problems for the multidisciplinary ERTS effort of the University of Tennessee, and to carry out research in improved methods for the computer processing, enhancement, and recognition of ERTS imagery.

Gonzalez, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Fourier plane filters

An electrically addressed liquid crystal Fourier plane filter capable of real time optical image processing is described. The filter consists of two parts: a wedge filter having forty 9 deg segments and a ring filter having twenty concentric rings in a one inch diameter active area. Transmission of the filter in the off (transparent) state exceeds fifty percent. By using polarizing optics, contrast as high as 10,000:1 can be achieved at voltages compatible with FET switching technology. A phenomenological model for the dynamic scattering is presented for this special case. The filter is designed to be operated from a computer and is addressed by a seven bit binary word which includes an on or off command and selects any one of the twenty rings or twenty wedge pairs. The overall system uses addressable latches so that once an element is in a specified state, it will remain there until a change of state command is received. The drive for the liquid crystal filter is ? 30 V peak at 30 Hz to 70 Hz. These parameters give a rise time for the scattering of 20 msec and a decay time of 80 to 100 msec.

Oliver, D. S.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Electron beam recorder image correction for ERTS

Video data from the Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) are entered into the initial image generation system and placed on film using an electron beam to correct for both radiometric and geometric errors, a hardware unit called EBRIC was designed, fabricated, and incorporated in the image processing system. It operates under the control of a process control computer, as it varies video signal and the x and y deflection signals of the EBR.

Heffner, P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Status of availability of Mariner 9 (1971-051A) TV picture data

Request procedures are described for Mariner 9 TV picture data. Image processing laboratory, user's guides, mosaics, catalogues, and microfiches are briefly discussed. Samples of the limb picture microfiche index and catalogue are presented.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1974

ASTEP user's guide and software documentation

The Algorithm Simulation Test and Evaluation Program (ASTEP) is a modular computer program developed for the purpose of testing and evaluating methods of processing remotely sensed multispectral scanner earth resources data. ASTEP is written in FORTRAND V on the UNIVAC 1110 under the EXEC 8 operating system and may be operated in either a batch or interactive mode. The program currently contains over one hundred subroutines consisting of data classification and display algorithms, statistical analysis algorithms, utility support routines, and feature selection capability. The current program can accept data in LARSC1, LARSC2, ERTS, and Universal formats, and can output processed image or data tapes in Universal format.

Gliniewicz, A. S.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Regional agriculture surveys using ERTS-1 data

The Center for Remote Sensing Research has conducted studies designed to evaluate the potential application of ERTS data in performing agricultural inventories, and to develop efficient methods of data handling and analysis useful in the operational context for performing large area surveys. This work has resulted in the development of an integrated system utilizing both human and computer analysis of ground, aerial, and space imagery, which has been shown to be very efficient for regional crop acreage inventories. The technique involves: (1) the delineation of ERTS images into relatively homogeneous strata by human interpreters, (2) the point-by-point classification of the area within each strata on the basis of crop type using a human/machine interactive digital image processing system; and (3) a multistage sampling procedure for the collection of supporting aerial and ground data used in the adjustment and verification of the classification results.

Draeger, W. C.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Application of narrow-band television to industrial and commercial communications

The development of narrow-band systems for use in space systems is presented. Applications of the technology to future spacecraft requirements are discussed along with narrow-band television's influence in stimulating development within the industry. The transferral of the technology into industrial and commercial communications is described. Major areas included are: (1) medicine; (2) education; (3) remote sensing for traffic control; and (5) weather observation. Applications in data processing, image enhancement, and information retrieval are provided by the combination of the TV camera and the computer.

Embrey, B. C., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1975

LANDSAT: Non-US standard catalog no. N-33

A catalog used for dissemination of information regarding the availability of LANDSAT imagery is presented. The Image Processing Facility of the Goddard Space Flight Center, publishes a U.S. and a Non-U.S. Standard Catalog on a monthly schedule, and the catalogs identify imagery which has been processed and input to the data files during the referenced month. The U.S. Standard Catalog includes imagery covering the continental United States, Alaska and Hawaii; the Non-U.S. Catalog identifies all the remaining coverage. Imagery adjacent to the continental U.S. and Alaska borders is included in the U.S. Standard Catalog.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

In situ spectroradiometric quantification of ERTS data

The author has identified the following significant results. Analyses of ERTS-1 photographic data were made to quantitatively relate ground reflectance measurements to photometric characteristics of the images. Digital image processing of photographic data resulted in a nomograph to correct for atmospheric effects over arid terrain. Optimum processing techniques to derive maximum geologic information from desert areas were established. Additive color techniques to provide quantitative measurements of surface water between different orbits were developed which were accepted as the standard flood mapping techniques using ERTS.

Yost, E. F.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Land Classification of South-Central Iowa from Computer Enhanced Images

The author has identified the following significant results. Two CCT (computer compatible tapes) scenes were digitally enhanced. The IMAGE 100 system was utilized for image processing. The real time ability of this machine allowed large scale viewing of several selected areas on both CCT's.

Taranik, J. V.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The trophic classification of lakes using ERTS multispectral scanner data

Lake classification methods based on the use of ERTS data are described. Preliminary classification results obtained by multispectral and digital image processing techniques indicate satisfactory correlation between ERTS data and EPA-supplied water analysis. Techniques for determining lake trophic levels using ERTS data are examined, and data obtained for 20 lakes are discussed.

Blackwell, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1975

A study to explore the use of orbital remote sensing to determine native arid plant distribution

The author has identified the following significant results. Research results include a method for determining the reflectivities of natural areas from ERTS data taking into account sun angle and atmospheric effects on the radiance seen by the satellite sensor. Ground truth spectral signature data for various types of scenes, including ground with and without annuals, and various shrubs were collected. Large areas of varnished desert pavement are visible and mappable on ERTS and high altitude aircraft imagery. A large scale and a small scale vegetation pattern were found to be correlated with presence of desert pavement. A comparison of radiometric data with video recordings shows quantitatively that for most areas of desert vegetation, soils are the most influential factor in determining the signature of a scene. Additive and subtractive image processing techniques were applied in the dark room to enhance vegetational aspects of ERTS.

Mcginnies, W. G.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Regional tectonic evaluation of the Tuscan Apenine, vulcanism, thermal anomalies and the relation to structural units

The author has identified the following significant results. The geological interpretation on data exhibiting the Italian peninsula led to the recognition of tectonic features which are explained by a clockwise rotation of various blocks along left-handed transform faults. These faults can be interpreted as resulting from shear due to main stress directed north-eastwards. A land use map of the mountainous regions of Italy was produced on a scale of 1:250,000. For the digital treatment of MSS-CCTs an image processing software was written in FORTRAN 4. The software package includes descriptive statistics and also classification algorithms.

Bodechtel, J.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Geology, summary

Trends in geologic application of remote sensing are identified. These trends are as follows: (1) increased applications of orbital imagery in fields such as engineering and environmental geology - some specific applications include recognition of active earthquake faults, site location for nuclear powerplants, and recognition of landslide hazards; (2) utilization of remote sensing by industry, especially oil and gas companies, and (3) application of digital image processing to mineral exploration.

Sabins, F. F., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Exploiting the temporal coherence of repetitive satellite imagery

Imagery from ERTS or the Synchronous Meteorological Satellites, because of its precisely repetitive nature, is ideally suited both for subjective enhancement by time-lapse display and for objective measurements of changes with time. A hybrid system providing both viewing and image-processing functions is described. A representative application involves the measurement of changes in the aerial extent of snow cover within specified mountain watersheds. Subjective viewing of time-lapse sequences of the snow scenes provides valuable insight into the nature of numerous extraneous signals, permitting the interim implementation of operationally useful snow-measuring systems and hopefully leading toward the design of fully objective classifiers.

Evans, W. E.↗