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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Development of a Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Integration and Implementation (HEVII) Tool

As demand for consumer electric vehicles (EVs) has drastically increased in recent years, manufacturers have been working to bring heavy-duty EVs to market to compete with Class 6-8 diesel-powered trucks. Many high-profile companies have committed to begin electrifying their fleet operations, but have yet to implement EVs at scale due to their limited range, long charging times, sparse charging infrastructure, and lack of data from in-use operation. Thus far, EVs have been disproportionately implemented by larger fleets with more resources. To aid fleet operators, it is imperative to develop tools to evaluate the electrification potential of heavy-duty fleets. However, commercially available tools, designed mostly for light-duty vehicles, are inadequate for making electrification recommendations tailored to a fleet of heavy-duty vehicles. The main challenge is that light-duty tools do not estimate real-time vehicle mass, a factor that has a disproportionate impact on the energy consumption of large commercial vehicles. The Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Integration and Implementation (HEVII) tool advances the state of the art in evaluating electrification potential and infrastructure requirements for fleets of commercial vehicles. In this work, the HEVII tool is demonstrated with non-uniformly sampled telematics data from an existing fleet to assess the suitability for electrification of each individual vehicle, determine optimal locations for charging infrastructure to support a fleet of EVs and analyze associated costs. Payload mass is predicted using sparse ground-truth data for all input drive cycles and an initial data analysis is conducted to assess the characteristics driving behaviors and energy consumption of the fleet using an adaptable vehicle model. Battery size requirements are determined by applying a novel charger placement algorithm to maximize routes that are viable for EVs and balance time delays with infrastructure development costs. This work details and demonstrates the different aspects of the HEVII tool, presenting preliminary results from an example use case.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Projecting Recent Advancements in Battery Technology to Next–Generation Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) have seen rapid growth in adoption over the last several years. Advancements to increase battery life and performance, policy shifts, and high charging rate are expected to further accelerate the development of next generation of EVs. Battery improvements continue to emerge, enabling increased driving range, total distance driven over the life of vehicles, and ability to charge at high rates. Herein, an analysis framework to provide insights into inclusive design metrics, such as specific energy of batteries, energy consumption of vehicles, and charging power infrastructure development, is developed. Various cell-level fast charge protocols to realistic battery designs to understand the infrastructure needs associated with achieving range replacement of 32.25 km min -1 (20 mi min -1 ) are also scaled. Additionally, by calculating scaled power and peak to average power ratio, it is found that there needs to be more distinct alignment between the research efforts focused at the cell level and what is being developed for EV charging infrastructure needs. Finally, impact of high direct current voltage architecture in next-generation EVs is discussed. The findings in this work provide an insight into recent advancements in battery technology to next-generation EVs.

20 mi/min↗
DOE OSTI2026

Building a Trusted Roaming Hub [Slides]

The Trusted Roaming Hub is a U.S. Department of Energy-backed initiative led by the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR) to address one of the most persistent challenges in electric vehicle (EV) charging: fragmented roaming, inconsistent interoperability, and insufficient digital trust across charging networks. As EV adoption accelerates and charging infrastructure scales nationwide, today's many-to-many integration model between eMobility Service Providers (eMSPs) and Charge Point Operators (CPOs) has become increasingly brittle, costly, and difficult to secure. The Trusted Roaming Hub introduces a neutral, cybersecurity-forward "switchboard" architecture that enables standardized, secure, and scalable roaming interactions across the EV charging ecosystem. Rather than replacing existing networks or commercial relationships, the hub acts as a trusted intermediary that enforces consistent identity, authentication, authorization, and routing across participants improving reliability for drivers, lowering integration burden for industry, and creating a foundation for future grid-interactive charging services. This read-ahead provides an overview of the problem the hub is designed to solve, the core functional and security concepts behind the architecture, the value proposition to key stakeholders, and the near-term trajectory of the work.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Coupling of the Electricity and Transportation Sectors - Part II: Risk Assessment

This comprehensive report explores the intricate interplay through “sector coupling” between the Transportation Sector, Energy Sector, and the critical infrastructure challenges faced by the United States. Aligned with the ambitious federal goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the report analyzes the present vulnerabilities in the fossil fuel supply chain, highlighting instances where the dependence on this industry has been susceptible to local and global disruptions. With a focus on risk assessment, this report establishes a framework to compare the fossil fuel-based transportation sector with the burgeoning electrified sector, considering the evolving technologies in electric vehicles (EVs) and the nascent charging infrastructure. This study delves into the historical reliability of fossil fuel-based transportation and identifies opportunities for strengthening sector coupling between transportation and the electric sector. Assessments of the gasoline-diesel supply chain provide insights into both opportunities and threats, offering a roadmap for creating a more reliable and resilient electrified transportation system. We modeled sectoral coupling scenarios for the current internal combustion engine (ICE)-based and future EV-dominant landscapes, leveraging qualitative sector attributes to identify relative strengths and weaknesses in Part 1 of the report. In this report (Part 2) we continue to understand the role of the electricity sector on transportation and develop a semi-quantitative methodology is employed to evaluate and compare the risks associated with the fossil fueled and electric transportation sector during emergency scenarios, drawing from real-world events like hurricanes and geopolitical disruptions. Different operational scenarios for the fossil fuel and electrified sectors have been developed to understand the risks associated with them. This report concludes with recommendations for the architectural designs of electric charging infrastructure, underlining the need for informed decisions in the transition towards a sustainable and resilient transportation future.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Effectiveness of Electric Vehicle Policies and Implications for Pakistan

This report explores evidence from several key countries regarding the impacts to electric vehicle (EV) market penetration from financial incentives, road access policies, EV mandates, fuel taxes, discounted electricity rates, charging infrastructure, and government investment in the domestic automotive industry. It reviews EV promotional policies in countries that have demonstrated success deploying EVs, focusing on Norway, China, the United States, India, and Korea. It also provides anecdotal examples from select ASEAN countries trying to promote domestic auto industry EV activity, such as Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam. It provides applicability to policy efforts for growing the EV industry in Pakistan.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2024

EVI-LOCATE: One Stop Solution for Estimating Cost of Installing EV Charging Stations

EVI-LOCATE (Electric Vehicle Infrastructure-Locally Optimized Cost Assessment Tool and Estimator) is a site assessment tool to estimate costs to install EV charging stations. EVI-LOCATE enables users to generate site-specific, user-specific, and location-specific EV charging station installation designs and cost estimates. The tool integrates National Electrical Code, deep-learning pixel classification algorithm, and component-level costs to estimate the costs.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS,ENERGY PLANNING, POLIC↗
DOE OSTI2026

Interpretable Machine Learning for Characterizing Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior: Insights from Real-World Data

As electric vehicle (EV) adoption rises globally, concerns about the impact on aging electrical grids grow, particularly regarding the charging behavior of EV drivers. This study analyzes real-world driving and charging data from Ford battery electric vehicles (BEVs) collected between 2018 and 2019 to develop interpretable models that characterize charging behavior and quantify influencing factors. Prior research has relied on assumptions regarding driver behavior, often overlooking actual charging patterns. By employing generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), this work offers insights into how various elements, such as next trip distance and state of charge (SOC), influence charging decisions. The dataset comprises over three million park-trip pairs from 1,997 vehicles, revealing that features related to driving behavior significantly dictate charging behavior, while infrastructure and regional factors have lesser impacts. The findings suggest that existing simulation models may oversimplify EV charging behavior assumptions. This work utilizes real-world EV driving and charging data to train interpretable models that describe charging behavior and quantify the factors most associated with how drivers use charging infrastructure. This research underscores the need for interpretable, data-driven methodologies to inform future EV infrastructure planning and grid management.

29 - ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2023

EVI-Pro for Bogota Columbia [Slides]

The transportation sector is one of the largest producers of greenhouse gas emissions globally, with 37% of global CO 2 emissions in 2021 according to the International Energy Agency. Transitioning from internal combustion engine vehicles powered by fossil fuels to electrified transportation is a critical component in reducing those emissions significantly over the coming decades and avoiding the worst consequences of climate change. With governments and automakers increasingly announcing electrification targets and a progression away from the production and sale of internal combustion engine vehicles, a robust network of charging infrastructure must be built to enable the widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs). Some of the greatest hurdles to EV deployment are linked to the buildout of the required charging infrastructure including where it should be built, what types and how much charging would be optimal given high costs of installation, and the impact on the electrical grid. To this end, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducts extensive research on EV deployment, including the development of the EVI-Pro model used to plan the future buildout of charging infrastructure given the travel patterns in a region. This document summarizes work done by NREL in the Bogotá, Colombia region to help Colombia plan for its EV deployment goals.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Improving Resiliency for Electric Vehicle Charging

Electric vehicles are seeing growing adoption. However, challenges with range anxiety persists. While charging infrastructure is anticipated to expand, EV charger systems have not been as robust to challenges. This paper discusses potential outage conditions associated with EV charging and presents new technology in development to improve EV charging resilience.

Electric vehicle charging, electric vehicle chargi↗
DOE OSTI2023

Data Files for “The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure"

This data set includes modeling results from “The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” including region-specific [i.e., national, state, and core-based statistical area (CBSA)—cities/towns] electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) port count requirements in 2025 and 2030 for multiple scenarios described in the study. Please cite as: Wood, E., B. Borlaug, M. Moniot, D.-Y. Lee, Y. Ge, F. Yang, and Z. Liu. 2023. The 2030 National Charging Network: Estimating U.S. Light-Duty Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5400-85654.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2026

Getting Electric Vehicle Ready in Indian Country

As electric vehicles (EV) become more common, Tribes can guide how charging infrastructure is planned, approved, and built on Tribal lands. Tribes can prepare for future infrastructure projects by updating codes, zoning, parking rules, and permitting process, as well as improving electrical infrastructure and broadband access.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Public EV Charging Station Site Selection Checklist

The Joint Office of Energy and Transportation (Joint Office) provides technical assistance on planning and implementation of a national network of electric vehicle (EV) chargers and zero-emission fueling infrastructure, as well as zero-emission transit and school buses. There are several considerations that should be addressed when selecting a site for EV charging stations. The following is a checklist to assist with site selection for publicly available EV charging stations.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Exploring the Potential of Second-Life Batteries for Mobile Charging Infrastructure: A Review

This review paper investigates the potential applications of second-life batteries (SLBs) specifically for mobile charging stations. As the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, the need for accessible and efficient charging infrastructure becomes increasingly critical to address range anxiety of EV owners. The repurposing of SLBs presents a promising solution to address this need, offering cost-effective and sustainable alternatives to traditional stationary charging infrastructure. This paper examines key technical considerations, including battery chemistry, state of health assessment, heterogeneity and battery management system design, and safety protocols tailored to SLBs. The paper also highlights economic and environmental implications of utilizing SLBs in mobile charging applications, encompassing techno-economic analysis techniques and sustainability metrics. Through an exploration of challenges, opportunities, and emerging trends, this review aims to provide valuable insights to stakeholders involved in the development and deployment of SLBs in mobile charging infrastructure.

Gautam, Mukesh (ORCID:0000000305715825)↗
DOE OSTI2026

Expanding Access to Charging at Home (EACH) Technical Report

This report summarizes the implementation, outcomes, and key learnings of Expanding Access to Charging at Homes (EACH), a nationwide multifamily housing charging initiative focused on accelerating deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure at multifamily housing properties. The program combined education, outreach, and technical assistance to support property owners, managers, residents, and industry stakeholders in overcoming barriers to EV charging adoption. The report highlights program strategies, stakeholder engagement, resources developed, and recommendations to help scale charging access at multifamily housing nationwide.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Integrating Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure into Commercial Buildings and Mixed-Use Communities: Design, Modeling, and Control Optimization Opportunities: Preprint

This paper discusses modeling and field studies of controlled EV charging that have been performed with the goal of minimizing requirements for infrastructure upgrades, minimizing building peak demand charges, and maximizing the use of on-site generation. We present a large-scale workplace charging pilot of a demand-controlled scheduled EV charging system with over 250 active daily commuters, successfully demonstrating management of aggregate charging power to avoid new infrastructure investments, mitigate peak demand charges, and provide cost-effective workplace charging to users. In addition to understanding opportunities for demand management, integrating these controllable loads into the energy modeling process for new buildings will also be necessary. This paper then presents an example energy modeling process that evaluates the potential effects of EV charging on building load profiles and infrastructure requirements for a mixed-use community. Finally, we discuss an illustration of how EV charging can be controlled to be synergistic with other building loads and distributed generation.

buildings↗
DOE OSTI2023

A Review on Simulation Platforms for Agent-Based Modeling in Electrified Transportation

As the use of combustion engine vehicles plays a deciding role in global warming, we can observe a trend to replace them with electric vehicles (EV) driven by new environmentally conscious policies and increasing technological capabilities. With improvements in driving range and reduction in prices come new challenges that may hamper the progress towards complete battery driven transportation. A major challenge for the increasing EV adoption is the planning of extensions to existing infrastructure or the inclusion of new infrastructure components in the planning process. This demands increasingly complex planning tools that can simulate the interplay between different stakeholders in modern transportation scenarios such as EVs, charging stations, energy providers, and general transportation participants. Simulation platforms for agent-based modeling in transportation have been developed as effective interactive tools that allow planners to explore different trade-offs across different scenarios with the ability to simulate the impact of policy or infrastructure decisions on the different stakeholders in the simulation. This article surveys several of the major simulation platforms that include modern EV-based forms of transportation and allow the simulation of relevant infrastructure components alongside the well established transportation simulations. These tools allow researchers to analyze expected traffic flow, identify possible charging station locations based on area demand, predict electrical grid demand, and more. Here this survey intends to make it easier for researchers to identify and apply a simulation platform in the context of supporting the increasing electrification of the transportation sector, enabling more efficient simulation and planning capabilities in this domain.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Analyzing SCM Grid Benefits from Electric Transportation [Slides]

Increasing adoption of EVs and expanding unmanaged charging loads could increase the cost of transportation energy due to increasing load variability and shrinking infrastructure capacity. The actual cost of transportation energy, such as charging an EV, depends on several factors including energy costs, charging infrastructure costs, and applicable grid upgrades. Based on studies from past DOE projects; RECHARGE, DirectXFC, FUSE and 21st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP) the EV-CENTS project will develop a transportation energy cost metric to better quantify these factors and provide a framework for assessing the value potential of new technology solutions, such as smart charge management (SCM), which could reduce these costs for all stakeholders. The initial assessment will focus on the cost of charging, which will vary across vehicle classes such as light-duty vehicles (LDV) or medium and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDV), as well as across different vocations resulting in many different use cases for this metric. Cost of charging results will be developed for each use case in both uncontrolled and controlled scenarios to understand the value potential of different SCM objective functions and their ability to optimize the cost of energy and delay or eliminate the need for electrical upgrades.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗