Framework to Develop Time- and Voltage-Dependent Building Load Profiles Using Polynomial Load Models
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Recent examination of the cerium Hugoniot with pyrometry and x-ray diffraction (XRD) has revealed a narrow solid-liquid two-phase region. It has been suggested that nonequilibrium melting may be occurring along the Ce Hugoniot, with either melt kinetics or a sluggish α-ε transition impeding the transition. In particular, the kinetics of the α-ε is unknown and the location of the phase boundary is in dispute. Static measurements suggest a nearly vertical phase boundary that intersects the Hugoniot at 6–7 GPa. This lies in direct conflict with dynamic measurements along the Hugoniot observing α-Ce through incipient melt. This work presents dynamic experiments using XRD to examine the behavior of the α-ε phase transition. The results show that the α-ε phase transition occurs through a tetragonal distortion, with the transition beginning at temperatures below the solid Hugoniot. Following the initial deviation from an ideal fcc structure, the c/a ratio is found to gradually increase with no steady value observed in the ε phase within the range of these experiments (below 17 GPa). Multiple diffraction patterns captured during the peak stress state show no significant change in c/a ratio prior to uniaxial release, upon which Ce reverts to an fcc structure. Furthermore, the results indicate that the α-ε transition occurs rapidly, both on loading and release. An examination of the c/a ratio with increasing temperatures suggests 11.5 GPa as a lower bound for the location of the α-ε-liquid triple point.
In order to support the California state goals to reduce the carbon and pollution emissions (AB2127), The goal of this project (HEVI-Pro) is to project the charging infrastructure needs by future medium- and heavy- duty electric vehicles, and assess optimal deployment the infrastructure in California and provide grid impacts analysis. The MHDV projections will also consider transportation system and electric system interaction with light duty vehicles. The project consists of 2 approaches in general: top-down approach that takes aggregated MHDV adoptions as the inputs and provide the county-level projections of charging load profile and infrastructure need, and the bottom-up approach that that incorporates more granular (temporal, spatial and duty-cycle-specific) behaviors of a variety of MHDVs into activity simulations/optimizations for further analysis.
Code developed to generate heavy-duty electric truck depot load profiles for the study, "Heavy-Duty Truck Electrification and the Impacts of Depot Charging on Electricity Distribution Systems", by Borlaug et al., published in 2021. This software is provided as-is without dedicated support. The programming environment for this study may be reproduced with conda (installed via the Anaconda website): conda env create -f environment.yml To activate the environment: conda activate hdev-depot-charging-2021
Forecasting electricity usage is a foundational planning activity for utilities, underpinning billions of dollars in grid investments that ensure system reliability. Historically, forecasting relied on trends in economic and population growth; however, transportation electrification presents a new and complex planning challenge. Unlike conventional loads, electric vehicle (EV) charging has relatively limited usage history. In addition, charging is driven by complex human behaviors, is mobile, and at the same time can concentrate geographically in ways that, without proper planning, can quickly overwhelm local distribution systems.
Comparison of load-bearing conical nonload-bearing panel heat radiators for potassium Rankine nuclear power plant
Multiple phase-controlled parasitic load effects on turboalternator output speed control
A space shuttle booster/orbiter atmospheric ascent guidance algorithm is developed that will reduce the aerodynamically induced structural loads as compared to an open loop guidance algorithm.
Transient thermodynamic analyses were made of the LOX loading system proposed for the space shuttle main propulsion test article (MPTA). This system is made up of a LOX replenish system and a main LOX line which include the barge tank, the lines, pumps, and valves between the barge and the orbiter (ORB) ground service equipment (GSE) interface, the MPTA fill system, the space shuttle main engine (SSME) chilldown bleed system, and the GSE vent system. System analyses include predictions of system performance sensitivity to operating sequence and LOX flowrate, temperature, and quality at the ORB/GSE interface. The transient thermodynamic conditions at the SSME feed line entrance, ET entrance (tank bottom), and the SSME bleed/GSE vent TEE are also included. The analyses are based on continuous SSME bleed flow during GSE facility chilldown.
A study is presented of the development and testing of a parachute central load core, an adaptive device whose primary function is to minimize parachute stored elastic energy while providing adequate rotational stiffness to prevent shroud line fouling from twisting and sufficient resistive torque for any balloon gondola positioning requirements. Empirical relations are given for the uninhibited drag area growth which are derived in the classical nondimensional form. Attention is given to development considerations and design along with model simulations, small and midscale drop test data, full-scale flight data, and instrumentation applications.
This report compares the experimental force and moment data obtained by pressure measurements on a wing of aspect ratio 8.02, 45 degree sweptback of the quarter-chord line, taper ratio of 0.45, and NACA 63sub1a012 airfoil sections with the calculated loadings obtained by the standard methods proposed by Weissinger, Falkner, and Multopp, as well as by several variations of these methods.
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The micromechanical behavior and the effect of temperature on the micromechanical mechanism of high-Nb-containing TiAl alloy during low-cycle fatigue still remain uncertain. Herein, in situ and ex situ synchrotron-based high-energy X-ray (HEXRD) experiment results reveal that the gamma and omega(o) phases suffer compressive lattice strains but the lattice strain in the alpha(2) phase evolves from tensile to compressive during low-cycle fatigue at 900 degrees C. In addition, the three phases suffer compressive lattice strains during cooling to room temperature, which could result in larger compressive lattice strains in gamma and omega(o) phases and the change of the lattice strain state in the alpha(2) phase. The peak-broadening results show gamma recrystallization is dominant in the interrupted low-cycle-fatigue samples, whereas inhomogeneous deformation occurs in the failed low-cycle-fatigue samples. The performed synchrotron diffraction experiments offer a deeper insight into the phase transformations and micromechanism of TiAl alloy during low-cycle fatigue.