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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
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NASA NTRS1978

C3 and infrared spectrophotometry of Y Canum Venaticorum

The 1.2- to 5.6-micron spectrum of the carbon star Y CVn is presented and discussed. The observations were made from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory at an altitude of 12.5 km, thereby avoiding most of the absorption due to terrestrial water vapor. Comparison of Y CVn near 5 microns with laboratory spectra provides possible evidence for the presence of the linear triatomic molecule C3. For the first time in a carbon star the clearly formed band heads of the CN red system between 1.2 and 2.3 microns are observed. Corroborative evidence for the presence of the molecules HCN and C2H2 is presented, and the relative contributions of C3, HCN, and C2H2 to the 3.1-micron absorption band are discussed. Spectra of two other carbon stars, TX Psc and S Cep, are presented for comparison.

Goebel, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Spectrophotometry of Seyfert 2 galaxies and narrow-line radio galaxies

Results are reported for a spectrophotometric survey of several Seyfert 2 galaxies, intermediate Seyferts, and narrow-line radio galaxies. The emission-line spectra of the galaxies are analyzed, emphasizing line intensities, reddening, temperatures, densities, line strength correlations, line widths, and redshift differences. The continuous spectra are examined, and possible ionization sources are considered. It is found that: (1) there are no distinguishing differences between the spectra of Seyfert 2 galaxies and narrow-line radio galaxies; (2) the emission spectra are rich in lines from a wide range of ionization levels; (3) the continuum is starlight diluted by an underlying continuous spectrum; (4) the line widths of both classes of galaxies have the same distribution; (5) there appear to be regions of high and low ionization in the Seyfert 2 and narrow-line radio galaxies; (6) photoionization seems quite likely as the energy input to the gas; and (7) all the galaxies show a UV excess in their spectra.

Koski, A. T.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Far infrared spectrophotometry of Jupiter and Saturn

Infrared spectral measurements of Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn were obtained from 100 to 470 kaysers and, by taking Mars as a calibration source, brightness temperatures of Jupiter and Saturn were determined with approximately 5 kayser resolution. Internal luminosities were determined from the data and are reported to be approximately 8 times 10 to the minus tenth power of the sun's luminosity for Jupiter and approximately 3.6 times 10 to the minus tenth power of the sun's luminosity for Saturn. Comparison of data with spectra predicted by models suggests the need for an opacity source in addition to gaseous hydrogen and ammonia to help explain Jupiter's observed spectrum in the vicinity of 250 kaysers.

Erickson, E. F.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Two-micron spectrophotometry of the galaxy NGC 253

A very strong Brackett-gamma hydrogen emission line, and the 2.3 micron CO stellar absorption feature were measured in NGC 253. The presence and strength of the CO feature indicates that late type giant stars produce most of the 2.2 micron continuum emission, while the rate of ionization implied by strength of the Brackett-gamma line indicates that much, perhaps all, of the luminosity detected at far infrared wavelengths originates from a large number of OB stars. As compared to the corresponding region of the Galaxy, the number of massive young stars in the central 200 pc of NGC 253 is thirty times greater, but the total mass of stars is roughly the same.

Wynn-Williams, C. G.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Catalog of far-ultraviolet objective-prism spectrophotometry: Skylab experiment S-019, ultraviolet steller astronomy

Ultraviolet stellar spectra in the wavelength region from 1300 to 5000 A (130 to 500) were photographed during the three manned Skylab missions using a 15 cm aperture objective-prism telescope. The prismatic dispersion varied from 58 A mm/1 at 1400 A to 1600 A mm/1 at 3000 A. Approximately 1000 spectra representing 500 stars were measured and reduced to observed fluxes. About 100 stars show absorption lines of Si IV, C IV, or C II. Numerous line features are also recorded in supergiant stars, shell stars, A and F stars, and Wolf-Rayet stars. Most of the stars in the catalog are of spectral class B, with a number of O and A type stars and a sampling of WC, WN, F and C type stars. Spectrophotometric results are tabulated for these 500 stars.

Henize, K. G.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Spectrophotometry of Michigan-Tololo quasars

Emission-line quasar characteristics are confirmed for 80% of the objects observed, including at least four new quasars with spectral features indicative of supernova-like outflow. Approximately 73% of the redshifts predicted from the discovery plates are found accurate with a mean error in z of 0.03, and a large range of z (from about 0.1 to 3.16) is represented in the sample. The observed redshift distribution for quasars is marginally consistent with a constant co-moving quasar density above z approximately 2.0. The shape of the redshift distribution may be used as an isotropy probe with a cosmic time resolution of a few times one-hundred million years in the early universe; therefore, continued surveys of this sort are important even if accurate magnitudes are not determined.

Lewis, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Narrow-band spectrophotometry of Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon, and Triton

The spectral reflectances of Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon, and Triton were measured in 28 bandpasses between lambda 326 and lambda 976 nm on the night of 28/29 June 1974. These observations were made with the 200-in. Hale telescope and multichannel spectrometer. Bandpasses of 8 nm from lambda 326 to lambda 566 nm and 16 nm from lambda 592 to lambda 976 nm were employed. The spectral reflectances of Ariel, Oberon, and Titania increase from lambda 342 to lambda 534 nm and are relatively flat from lambda 550 to lambda 976 nm. Umbriel's reflectance decreases monotonically with increasing wavelength through the entire range of measured wavelengths. Triton is found to have a constant spectral reflectance.

Johnson, P. E.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Photoelectric spectrophotometry of radio galaxies

The absolute energy distributions from 3200 to 10,000 A of 26 3CR radio galaxies are determined on the basis of spectrophotometric observations with the multichannel spectrometer of the Hale 5-m telescope. It is found that there is a continuous range of emission-line characteristics and UV excess in the sample and that a strong correlation exists between the nonthermal component luminosity and hydrogen emission, which favors the hypothesis that direct photoionization by the nuclear radiation is responsible for the emission lines observed. Calculations are performed which show that in almost all cases the power-law component model provides sufficient UV photons to produce the observed H-beta line. Indications are obtained that the optical nuclear component is related to the radio emission in some complex manner and that strong radio galaxies tend to be accompanied by UV excess and emission lines.

Yee, H. K. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Vacuum ultraviolet spectrophotometry and effective temperatures of hot stars

Absolutely calibrated ultraviolet stellar spectra from 3100 A to the hydrogen absorption edge at 912 A were obtained on 1977 February 17 by rocket observations above Woomera, Australia. Spectra taken at 15 A resolution have been compared with the observed fluxes from OAO 2 and with recent model-atmosphere fluxes of Kurucz for five hot stars: Gamma (2) Vel, Zeta Pup, Alpha Eri, Beta Cen, and Alpha Vir. The present data give fluxes which are generally lower than those obtained from OAO 2, with the largest deviations of about 20% between 1400 and 1700 A. Agreement with the models is good, although the model fluxes are substantially larger than the observed values below 1200 A. This discrepancy is greater for the higher-temperature stars. Effective temperatures are also determined and are in good agreement with previous results.

Brune, W. H.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Spectrophotometry of compact H II regions from 4 to 8 microns

Spectrophotometric observations from 4 to 8 microns of the compact H II regions W51-IRS 2 and K3-50 are reported. Two broad absorption features at approximately 6.0 and 6.8 microns are observed in the spectra of W51-IRS 2, and the 6.0-micron feature is seen in K3-50. These features may be due to absorption by silicate grains. A more speculative identification is absorption by hydrocarbon molecules. The continuum flux from 2 to 13 microns is broader than emission from a single-temperature blackbody; this suggests a distribution of dust temperatures within the H II regions. Failure to detect hydrogen Pfund-alpha in W51-IRS 2 indicates significant 7.5-micron extinction. Upper limits are placed on the abundance of Ar(+).

Puetter, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Ultraviolet spectrophotometry of degenerate stars

Observations of one helium- and three hydrogen-atmosphere degenerates made with the International Ultraviolet Explorer are discussed. Fluxes in the UV give temperatures in good accordance with those determined from the ground and from the ANS satellite data. Profiles of the strong L-alpha absorption in two DA's fit predictions for the expected temperatures. Gravity determination is vitiated by their steep temperature dependence. If one accepts that theoretical predictions should be correct, corrections to the absolute IUE calibration derived are an upward shift of 3-5%, with irregular residuals attaining + or - 7%.

Greenstein, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1979

IUE and visual spectrophotometry of 3C 120 and Markarian 79

Low-resolution ultraviolet spectra have been obtained with IUE and combined with similar visual observations. The continua of both objects show an excess of flux in the neighborhood of 3000 A. In both objects there appears to be a depression near 2200 A, which is probably the ultraviolet interstellar absorption feature centered at 2175 A. The strength of this feature suggests E(B-V) values of 0.22 and 0.38 for Mrk 79 and 3C 120, respectively. The ratio of intensities of L-alpha to H-beta is abnormally small compared with the radiative recombination ratio; the discrepancy is removed in 3C 120 and much reduced in Mrk 79 if the reddening values just mentioned are adopted. The C IV to L-alpha line intensity ratio is abnormally high in these objects compared with that for quasars. Although both objects have strong Fe II lines in the visual, there is no Fe II absorption or emission in the ultraviolet.

Oke, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Two-micron spectrophotometry of the galaxy NGC 253

A very strong Brackett-gamma hydrogen emission line and the 2.3-micron CO stellar absorption feature have been measured in NGC 253. The presence and strength of the CO feature indicate that late-type giant stars produce most of the 2.2-micron continuum emission, while the rate of ionization implied by strength of the Brackett-gamma line indicates that much, perhaps all, of the luminosity detected at far-infrared wavelengths originates from a large number of OB stars. As compared with the corresponding region of the Galaxy, the number of massive young stars in the central 200 pc of NGC 253 is 30 times greater, but the total mass of stars is roughly the same.

Wynn-Williams, C. G.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Spectrophotometry of Michigan-Tololo quasars

The Michigan-Tololo sample of quasars is discussed using observational data for 48% of this sample. Emission-line quasar characteristics are confirmed for 80% of the objects observed, including at least four new quasars with spectral features indicative of 'supernova-like' outflow. Approximately 73% of the redshifts predicted from the discovery plates are found to be accurate, with a mean error in z of 0.03; a large range of z (from about 0.1 to 3.16) is represented in the sample. The interpretation of the observed redshift distribution for quasars is strongly dependent upon the significance ascribed to wavelength-dependent selection effects. It appears that the behavior of the comoving quasar density above z = 2.0 may be represented by a constant or an exponential increase.

Lewis, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1979

High time resolution spectrophotometry of nova DQ Herculis /1934/

Thirty-four spectra of DQ Her are analyzed which were obtained with a time resolution greater than 0.01 cycle. It is found that: (1) the 18th mag visual companion of DQ Her has an energy distribution similar to that of a late F star and is not likely to be a member of the system; (2) the time of minimum has no wavelength dependence and agrees better with the elements of Patterson et al. (1978) than with a linear ephemeris; (3) only very weak evidence exists for the detection of a late-type star, which is of spectral type M4 or later, even at mideclipse; (4) the spectrum of the residual light at mideclipse can be represented by optically thin free-free plus bound-free emission at a temperature of 35,000 K, an electron density of (1-10) trillion per cu cm, and a star contributing about 90% of the red flux; and (5) there is a definite asymmetry in the light curve, as well as strong evidence for a localized bright spot on the side of the disk eclipsed last.

Schneider, D. P.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Spectrophotometry of Comet West

Postperihelion observations of Comet West (1975n = 1976 VI) have been made with a Fourier transform spectrometer at heliocentric distances from 0.57 to 1.68 AU. Measurements were made of the emission bands of C2, CN, C3, CH, and NH2, as well as the emission lines of Na D and forbidden (O I), and the flux in the continuum in nine different bandpasses. Several ratios of the band strengths of CN have been used to determine the two free parameters in the fluorescence equilibrium model of CN of Danks and Arpigny (1973). From the values of the parameters it is inferred that the vibrational transition probability for the ground electronic state is between 0.025 and 0.075 per sec and that the ratio of oscillator strengths between the (0-0) bands of the violet and red systems is between 25 and 30. When corrected for field-of-view effects, NH2 shows no systematic variation in abundance relative to C2 while CH shows a small increase. The cometary continuum is found to be slightly redder than the solar continuum, consistent with results for other bright, dusty comets. The equivalent width of the Delta u = 0 sequence of C2 shows a marked decrease at r(H) = 1.2 AU.

Ahearn, M. F.↗