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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Design and Construction of a Prototype B1pF Large Aperture Rutherford Cable Superconducting Magnet for the EIC Interaction Region

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) was chosen to host the international Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), which will collide high energy and highly polarized hadron and electron beams with a center of mass energy up to 140 GeV. The Interaction Region (IR) requires several large aperture, relatively high field superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets, some of which are very closely spaced. B1pF is a large aperture (300 mm coil ID), medium field (4.2 T), 3 meter long superconducting dipole magnet. Its size is larger than the largest superconducting magnet in the RHIC accelerator (180 mm DX dipole, 4.2 T, 3.7 m long). As such, B1pF was chosen as the representative magnet to be prototyped to demonstrate the technological choice, design and construction details. Here, this paper describes the analyses and considerations which informed both the magnet and magnet tooling designs. This paper will summarize the construction results so far, in particular the plan for novel coil winding tooling and the test coil winding & curing program that was carried out prior to coil and magnet construction.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Superconducting Magnet Technology for the Upgrade

In this section we present the magnet technology for the High Luminosity LHC. After a short review of the project targets and constraints, we discuss the main guidelines used to determine the technology, the field/gradients, the operational margins, and the choice of the current density for each type of magnet. Then we discuss the peculiar aspects of each class of magnet, with special emphasis on the triplet.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1994

Permanent superconducting magnets for space applications

Work has been done to develop superconducting trapped field magnets (TFM's) and to apply them to a bumper-tether device for magnetic docking of spacecraft. The quality parameters for TFM's are J(c), the critical current of the superconductor, and d, the diameter of the superconducting tile. During this year we have doubled d, for production models, from 1 cm to 2 cm. This was done by means of seeding, an improved temperature profile in processing, and the addition of 1 percent Pt to the superconductor chemistry. Using these tiles we have set increasing records for the fields' permanent magnets. Magnets fabricated from old 1 cm tiles trapped 1.52 Tesla at 77K, 4.0T at 65K and 7.0T at 55K. The second of these fields broke a 17 year old record set at Stanford. The third field broke our own record. More recently using 2 cm tiles, we have trapped 2.3T at 77K, and 5.3T at 65K. We expect to trap lOT at 55K in this magnet in the near future. We have also achieved increases in J(c) using a method we developed for seeding U-235, and subsequently bombarding with neutrons. This method doubles J(c). We have not yet fabricated magnets from these tiles. During this year we have increased production yields from 15 percent to 95 percent. We have explored the properties of a magnetic bumper-tether for spacecraft. We have measured the bumper forces, and their dependence on time, distance, and the field of the ordinary ferromagnet (used together with a TFM). We have accounted for 85 percent of the collision energy, and its transformation to magnetic energy and heat energy. We have learned to control the relative bumper and tether forces by controlling TFM and ferromagnetic field strengths.

Weinstein, Roy↗
NASA NTRS1971

Superconducting magnets and devices for space vehicles and experiments

Superconductivity research has been oriented toward those problems that tend to restrict the greater application of superconducting devices in space research and technology. These include magnetic problems of high field magnets, increasing operating temperatures, and development of useful competitive superconducting instruments.

Urban, E. W.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Design of an Emittance Compensation Superconducting Magnet Package for LCLS-II-HE's SRF Photo-Injector

An SRF photo-injector (low frequency, quarter-wave resonator plus emittance compensation magnet) is planned for LCLS-II-HE as it can provide a higher cathode gradient and better electron beam quality than other types of CW electron guns. The magnet package is located immediately downstream of the SRF cavity, and incorporates a solenoid doublet, bucking coils for reduction of the fringe field, normal/skew quadrupoles and horizontal/vertical dipoles. All the magnets are wound of NbTi wire and operate in liquid helium environment. The solenoid package is located inside the SRF gun cryomodule. Design considerations include space limitations, optimal emittance compensation, the magnetic field limits in the superconducting wire and quench protection. The solenoid coils must provide a peak excitation > 25 kgauss 2 ·cm, a fringe field < 20 gauss at the wall of the SRF cavity, an integrated dipole field < 90 gauss·cm and an integrated quadrupole field < 10 gauss. As a result, a genetic algorithm was used to optimize the solenoid design. Correction dipoles and quadrupoles were designed using coil dominated Walstrom style coils.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2023

Conceptual Design of a 20 T Hybrid Cos-Theta Dipole Superconducting Magnet for Future High-Energy Particle Accelerators

High energy physics research will need more and more powerful circular accelerators in the next decades. It is therefore desirable to have dipole magnets able to produce the largest possible magnetic field, in order to keep the machine diameter within a reasonable size. A 20 T dipole is considered a desired achievement since it would allow the construction of an 80 km machine, able to circulate 100 TeV proton beams. In order to reach 20 T, a hybrid Low-Temperature Superconductor (LTS) - High-Temperature Superconductor (HTS) magnet is needed, since LTS technology is presently limited to ~16 T for accelerator magnet applications. In this paper, we present the design of a 6 layers 20 T hybrid dipole magnet using Nb 3 Sn (LTS) and Bi2212 (HTS). Here we show that it is possible to achieve this magnetic field with accelerator field quality, with sufficient margin on a realistic conductor, keeping the stresses within safe limit, avoiding conductor degradation.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2023

Comparison of Multi-Scale Nonlinear and Conventional Linear Methods for Stress Analysis of Nb 3 Sn Superconducting Magnets

Here this is an extension of the work on a multi-scale nonlinear procedure that demonstrated how to conduct nonlinear stress analysis of Nb 3 Sn superconducting accelerator magnets. The nonlinear procedure uses measured stress-strain curves of annealed copper, Nb 3 Sn strands and coil samples as inputs, which reduces the number of assumptions made for material properties—key uncertainties of any engineering analysis. The results from nonlinear analysis, semi-nonlinear analysis, and linear analysis of the same QFFB2 Nb 3 Sn quadrupole magnet under the same temperature and loads, were compared and discussed. The comparison illustrates that nonlinear stress analysis is significantly more accurate than other methods. As the superconducting coil block is a complex, composite material, it would be inadequate to assume the whole coil block to be linear, either isotropic or orthotropic. It is imperative to conduct nonlinear analysis by simulating the superconducting coil to the level of detail of the individual cables and individual strands. The nonlinear stress analysis procedure can be used to simulate not only Nb 3 Sn magnets, but also NbTi and HTS magnets.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

The Higgs Factory muon collider superconducting magnets and their protection against beam decay radiation

We report a low-energy medium-luminosity Muon Collider (MC) is being studied as a possible Higgs Factory (HF). Electrons from muon decays will deposit more than 300 kW in superconducting (SC) magnets of the HF collider ring. This imposes significant challenges to SC magnets used in the HF storage ring (SR) and interaction regions (IR). Conceptual designs of SC dipole and quadrupole magnets are described which provide high operating gradient and field in a large aperture to accommodate the large size of muon beams (due to low β*), as well as a cooling system to intercept the large heat deposition from the showers induced by decay electrons. The distribution of heat deposition in the main elements of HF SR lattice requires large-aperture magnets to accommodate thick high-Z absorbers to protect the SC coils. Based on the developed MARS15 model and intensive simulations, a sophisticated protection system from radiation was designed for the collider SR and IR to bring the peak power density in the SC coils well below the quench limit and reduce the dynamic heat deposition in the cold mass of SC magnets by a factor of 100. The radiation protection system consists of tight tungsten masks in the magnet interconnect regions and elliptical tungsten liners in the magnet aperture optimized for each magnet. Lastly, these elements reduce also the background particle fluxes in the collider detector.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Using Lunar Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (LSMES) for NASA Artemis Program

The development of High temperature Superconductors (HTS) with transition temperatures >91K allows for their application in the Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) on the Moon, where temperatures range from ~40K-60K. These are well below the critical temperature, Tc for the YBa2Cu3O7-x HTS material. An HTS coil installed in a PSR would not require cooling to remain below Tc. The coil can be energized with solar panels during daylight and maintain a magnetic field during night. The coil can be loaded and unloaded in millisecond time scales. The long lifetime with minimal losses is an attractive option for NASA’s Artemis program to consider for energy management on the Moon.

High Temperature Superconductivity (HTS)↗
DOE OSTI2022

Eddy current studies for the beam screen of the Electron-Ion Collider hadron storage ring superconducting magnets

A copper-clad stainless steel beam screen will be installed in each of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) superconducting (SC) magnets used for making the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) Hadron Storage Ring (HSR). Eddy currents are induced within conductors to oppose a changing magnetic flux. Eddy currents will appear on the EIC HSR beam screens during ramp up and ramp down, after a magnet quenches and when reversing the polarity of the γ transition jump quadrupoles during γ transition crossing. This study evaluates the magnitude of the eddy currents, the temperature increase due to Joule heating and the stress at the beam screens from the eddy-current induced force.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Advancing Superconducting Magnet Diagnostics for Future Colliders

Future colliders will operate at increasingly high magnetic fields pushing limits of electromagnetic and mechanical stress on the conductor [1]. Understanding factors affecting superconducting (SC) magnet performance in challenging conditions of high mechanical stress and cryogenic temperatures is only possible with the use of advanced magnet diagnostics. Diagnostics provide a unique observation window into mechanical and electromagnetic processes associated with magnet operation, and give essential feedback to magnet design, simulations and material research activities. Development of novel diagnostic capabilities is therefore an integral part of next-generation magnet development. In this paper, we summarize diagnostics development needs from a prospective of the US Magnet Development Program (MDP), and define main research directions that could shape this field in the near future.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1996

High Temperature Superconducting Magnets with Active Control for Attraction Levitation Transport Applications

A research program, involving 3 British universities, directed at quantifying the controllability of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnets for use in attraction levitation transport systems will be described. The work includes measurement of loss mechanisms for iron cored HTS magnets which need to produce a flux density of approx. 1 tesla in the airgap between the magnet poles and a ferromagnetic rail. This flux density needs to be maintained and this is done by introducing small variations of the magnet current using a feedback loop, at frequencies up to 10 Hz to compensate for load changes, track variation etc. The test magnet assemblies constructed so far will be described and the studies and modelling of designs for a practical levitation demonstrator (using commercially obtained HTS tape) will be discussed with particular emphasis on how the field distribution and its components, e.g., the component vector normal to the broad face of the tape, can radically affect design philosophy compared to the classical electrical engineering approach. Although specifically aimed at levitation transport the controllability data obtained have implications for a much wider range of applications.

Jones, Harry↗
DOE OSTI2020

The CLAS12 superconducting magnets

As part of the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV upgrade, the Hall B CLAS12 system requires two superconducting iron-free magnets — a torus and a solenoid. The physics requirements to maximize space for the detectors guided engineers toward particular coil designs for each of the magnets which, in turn, led to the choice of using conduction cooling. The torus consists of 6 trapezoidal NbTi coils connected in series with an operating current of 3770 A. The solenoid is an actively shielded 5 T magnet consisting of 5 NbTi coils connected in series operating at 2416 A. Within the hall, the two magnets are located in close proximity to each other and are completely covered both inside and outside by particle detectors. Stringent size limitations were imposed for both magnets and introduced particular design and fabrication challenges. This paper describes the design, construction, installation, commissioning, and operation of the two magnets.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS1996

Advanced Manufacturing of Superconducting Magnets

The development of specialized materials, processes, and robotics technology allows for the rapid prototype and manufacture of superconducting and normal magnets which can be used for magnetic suspension applications. Presented are highlights of the Direct Conductor Placement System (DCPS) which enables automatic design and assembly of 3-dimensional coils and conductor patterns using LTS and HTS conductors. The system enables engineers to place conductors in complex patterns with greater efficiency and accuracy, and without the need for hard tooling. It may also allow researchers to create new types of coils and patterns which were never practical before the development of DCPS. The DCPS includes a custom designed eight-axis robot, patented end effector, CoilCAD(trademark) design software, RoboWire(trademark) control software, and automatic inspection.

Senti, Mark W.↗