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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Space Research Project Management Can Benefit from Engineering Technology Selection Methods
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Formal Methods Demonstration Project for Space Applications
Requirements and design specifications are a high priority candidate for better software engineering techniques. Most hazardous software safety errors found during system integration and test of two NASA spacecraft were the result of requirements discrepancies or interface specifications. The highest density of major defects found through the use of software inspections was during the requirements phase. This was seven times higher than the density of major defects found in code inspections. Requirements errors are between 10 and 100 times more costly to fix at later phases of the software lifecycle than at the requirements phase itself. One study found that early lifecycle errors are the most likely to lead to catastrophic failures.
Overview of the Translational Radiation Research and Countermeasures (TRRaC) Project in Space Radiation
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Overview of NASA and the In-Space Manufacturing Project Including Our Collaboration With UNO on the Development and Testing of Recyclable and Antimicrobial Filaments.
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Space life sciences: Programs and projects
NASA space life science activities are outlined. Brief, general descriptions are given of research in the areas of biomedical research, space biology, closed loop life support systems, exobiology, and biospherics.
Environmental control/life support
It is pointed out that the life support systems technology used on projects Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and Space Shuttle required an employment of expendables. Skylab was the only manned space project which made use of regenerable life support technology, taking into account the employment of a silica gel/molecular sieve for carbon dioxide removal. A number of investigations indicate that significant launch weight and volume as well as recurring cost savings can be realized by using regenerative life support processes for a Space Station. A number of developed regenerative processes are believed to be applicable to a Space Station. Aspects of air revitalization are discussed, taking into account carbon dioxide reduction, oxygen generation, trace contaminant control, temperature and humidity control, instrumentation, and nitrogen supply. Attention is also given to water reclamation, solid waste treatment, and future development and testing programs.
Expendable launch vehicles in Space Station Freedom logistics resupply operations
The projected Space Station Freedom (SSF) annual logistics resupply requirements were predicted to exceed the 1988 baseline Shuttle resupply system capability. This paper examines the implications of employing a 'mixed fleet' of Shuttles and ELVs to provide postassembly, steady-state logistics resupply. The study concluded that ELVs supported by the OMV could provide the additional required resupply capability with one to three launches per annum. However, the study determined that such a capability would require significant programmatic commitments, including baseline SSF OMV accommodations, on-orbit OMV monoprop replenishment capability, and substantial economics investments. The study also found the need for a half-size pressurized logistics module for the increase in the efficiency of logistics manifesting on the Shuttle as well as ELVs.
The Role of Independent Assessment in the International Space Station Program
This paper presents the role of Independent Assessment in the International Space Station (ISS) Program. Independent Assessment is responsible for identifying and specifying technical and programmatic risks that may impact development, launch, and on-orbit assembly and operations of the ISS. The various phases of the assessment process are identified and explained. This paper also outlines current and future participation by Independent Assessment in Human Exploration and Development of Space projects including the X-38 Space Plane, Mars mission scenarios, and applications of Nanotechnology. This paper describes how Independent Assessment helps the shuttle, ISS, and other programs to safely achieve mission goals now and into the next century.
Project Explorer - Student experiments aboard the Space Shuttle
Project Explorer, a program of high school student experiments in space in a Space Shuttle self-contained payload unit (Getaway Special), sponsored by the Alabama Space and Rocket Center (ASRC) in cooperation with four Alabama universities is presented. Organizations aspects of the project, which is intended to promote public awareness of the space program and encourage space research, are considered, and the proposal selection procedure is outlined. The projects selected for inclusion in the self-contained payload canister purchased in 1977 and expected to be flown on an early shuttle mission include experiments on alloy solidification, electric plating, whisker growth, chick embryo development and human blood freezing, and an amateur radio experiment. Integration support activities planned and underway are summarized, and possible uses for a second payload canister purchased by ASRC are discussed.
Twenty-Five Years of Progress. Part 1: Birth of NASA. Part 2: The Moon-A Goal
Historical footage (1958 - 1983) concerning NASA's Space Program, is reviewed in this two-part video. Host, Lynn Bondurant describes the birth of NASA and its accomplishments through the years. Part one contains: the launch of Russian satellite Sputnik on October 4,1957; the first dog (Soviet) in space; NACA Space Research, Explorer-6; and still photographs of various Space projects. Tiros 1 experimental weather satellite, Microgravity simulators, Echo 1 passive communications satellite, and the first U.S. manned spaceflight Mercury are included in part two. The seven Mercury astronauts are: Captain Donald Slayton, Lt. Commander Alan Shepard, Lt. Commander Walter Schirra, Captain Virgil Grissom, Lt. Col. John Glenn Jr., Captain Leroy Cooper Jr, and Lt. Malcolm Scott Carpenter. Also included are an ongoing interview (throughout the video) with NASA's first Administrator Keith Glennan, the first flight in 1961 with Enos, a chimpanzee, President Kennedy's speech in Washington about the Space Program, Project Gemini - the 2-manned space flights, and the recovery of Virgil Grissom from splash down.
SuperMOCA: Commercially-derived Standards for Space Mission Monitor and Control
This paper describes the Space Project Mission Operations Control Architecture (SuperMOCA).
Cooperative aspects of the ESRO I and ESRO II international satellite projects.
U.S. policies and administrative procedures for international space projects, using ESRO 1 and 2 satellite projects as examples
Space transportation systems, 1980-2000
An overview of projected space transportation systems for the 1980-2000 period is presented. Methods for meeting the requirements in that area are documented through a description of the Space Shuttle and its current upper stages, reusable transfer vehicles, Shuttle uprating, fully reusable and single-stage transports, heavy lift vehicles, and advanced vehicles for orbital transfer and lunar landing. The structure of the liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen boosters, cryogenic propellants, whose main propulsion system is a derivative of the RL-10 engine used in the Centaur launch, and mixed mode propulsion engine is also described, as is the flyback booster concept and such related issues as propellants and rocket engines, staging velocity, configuration shape, and whether it should be manned or unmanned. Especially noted are proposed propulsion systems going beyond the present Shuttle such as the nuclear and electric propulsion concepts, the resistojet, using liquid hydrogen, ion thruster, using argon, magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, solar thermal rocket, and solar sail concept where the basic idea is to use a 'sail' of thin reflective material to generate a net force by reflection of solar radiation.
The NASA Advanced Space Power Systems Project
The goal of the NASA Advanced Space Power Systems Project is to develop advanced, game changing technologies that will provide future NASA space exploration missions with safe, reliable, light weight and compact power generation and energy storage systems. The development effort is focused on maturing the technologies from a technology readiness level of approximately 23 to approximately 56 as defined in the NASA Procedural Requirement 7123.1B. Currently, the project is working on two critical technology areas: High specific energy batteries, and regenerative fuel cell systems with passive fluid management. Examples of target applications for these technologies are: extending the duration of extravehicular activities (EVA) with high specific energy and energy density batteries; providing reliable, long-life power for rovers with passive fuel cell and regenerative fuel cell systems that enable reduced system complexity. Recent results from the high energy battery and regenerative fuel cell technology development efforts will be presented. The technical approach, the key performance parameters and the technical results achieved to date in each of these new elements will be included. The Advanced Space Power Systems Project is part of the Game Changing Development Program under NASAs Space Technology Mission Directorate.
NASA Space Radiation Risk Project: Overview and Recent Results
The NASA Space Radiation Risk project is responsible for integrating new experimental and computational results into models to predict risk of cancer and acute radiation syndrome (ARS) for use in mission planning and systems design, as well as current space operations. The project has several parallel efforts focused on proving NASA's radiation risk projection capability in both the near and long term. This presentation will give an overview, with select results from these efforts including the following topics: verification, validation, and streamlining the transition of models to use in decision making; relative biological effectiveness and dose rate effect estimation using a combination of stochastic track structure simulations, DNA damage model calculations and experimental data; ARS model improvements; pathway analysis from gene expression data sets; solar particle event probabilistic exposure calculation including correlated uncertainties for use in design optimization.