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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Development of alternate methods of determining integrated SMR source terms

The Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) Small Modular Reactor (SMR) Licensing Task Force (TF) has been evaluating licensing issues unique and important to iPWRs, ranking these issues, and developing NEI position papers for submittal to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) during the past three years. Papers have been developed and submitted to the NRC in a range of areas including: Price-Anderson Act, NRC annual fees, security, modularity, and staffing. In December, 2012, NEI completed a draft position paper on SMR source terms and participated in an NRC public meeting presenting a summary of this paper, which was subsequently submitted to the NRC. One important conclusion of the source term paper was the evaluation and selection of high importance areas where additional research would have a significant impact on source terms. The highest ranked research area was iPWR containment aerosol natural deposition. The NRC accepts the use of existing aerosol deposition correlations in Regulatory Guide 1.183, but these were developed for large light water reactor (LWR) containments. Application of these correlations to an iPWR design has resulted in greater than a ten-fold reduction of containment airborne aerosol inventory as compared to large LWRs. Development and experimental justification of containment aerosol natural deposition correlations specifically for the unique iPWR containments is expected to result in a large reduction of design basis and beyond-design-basis accident source terms with concomitantly smaller dose to workers and the public. Therefore, NRC acceptance of iPWR containment aerosol natural deposition correlations will directly support the industry’s goal of reducing the Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) for SMRs. Based on the results in this work, it is clear that thermophoresis is relatively unimportant for iPWRs. Gravitational settling is well understood, and may be the dominant process for a dry environment. Diffusiophoresis and enhanced settling by particle growth are the dominant processes for determining DFs for expected conditions in an iPWR containment. These processes are dependent on the areato-volume (A/V) ratio, which should benefit iPWR designs because these reactors have higher A/Vs compared to existing LWRs.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Report on the Joint EU-US Workshop on Microbial Community Dynamics: Cooperation and Competition

The European Commission (EC)-United States (US) Task Force on Biotechnology Research has a longstanding joint Working Group on Biotechnology for the Environment whose mission is to foster collaborations between researchers in the European Union (EU) and US in the field of environmental biotechnology. A special focus of the Working Group is to increase scientific interchange between early career scientists in the US and EU. Such interactions initiate a foundation of respect and trust needed to develop long-term collaborations. In order to realize the full potential for the application of modern technologies to obtain a sustainable biosphere, it is vital to create conduits for knowledge exchange among scientists worldwide engaged in environmental microbial biotechnology research. Since its formation in 1994, the Working Group has organized many activities for early career scientists designed to promote this scientific exchange, including two week courses with hands-on research experience, intensive workshops of two or three days, and research scholar exchanges of one to six months. These interactions are focused on environmental problems that respect no international boundaries.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Offshore Wind Market and Economic Analysis

The U.S. offshore wind industry is slowly transitioning from early development to demonstration of commercial viability. While there are no projects in operation or even in the construction phase, there are nine U.S. projects in advanced development, defined as having either having been awarded a lease, conducted baseline or geophysical studies, or obtained a power purchase agreement. There are panels or task forces in place in at least 13 states to engage stakeholders to identify constraints and sites for offshore wind. U.S. policymakers are beginning to follow the examples in Europe that have proven success in stimulating offshore wind technological advancement, project deployment, and job creation.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Offshore Wind Market and Economic Analysis: Annual Market Assessment Report 2013

The U.S. offshore wind industry is transitioning from early development to demonstration of commercial viability. While there are no commercial-scale projects in operation or in the construction phase, there are eleven U.S. projects in advanced development, defined as having either been awarded a lease, conducted baseline or geophysical studies, or obtained a power purchase agreement (PPA). There are panels or task forces in place in at least 13 states to engage stakeholders to identify constraints and sites for offshore wind. U.S. policymakers are beginning to follow the examples in Europe that have proven successful in stimulating offshore wind technological advancement, project deployment, and job creation.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Foundational Report Series: Advanced Distribution Management Systems for Grid Modernization

This report describes the application functions for distribution management systems (DMS). The application functions are those surveyed by the IEEE Power and Energy Society’s Task Force on Distribution Management Systems. The description of each DMS application includes functional requirements and the key features and characteristics in current and future deployments, as well as a summary of the major benefits provided by each function to stakeholders — from customers to shareholders. Due consideration is paid to the fact that the realizable benefits of each function may differ by type of utility, whether investor-owned, cooperative, or municipal. This report is sufficient to define the functional requirements of each application for system procurement (request-for-proposal [RFP]) purposes and for developing preliminary high-level use cases for those functions. However, it should not be considered a design document that will enable a vendor or software developer to design and build actual DMS applications.

Wang, Jianhui↗
DOE OSTI2015

Solar Photovoltaic Systems Research

This CRADA focused on addressing concerns related to the impact of high penetration PV systems and developing simulation models for PV power plants. Technical work encompassed instrumentation, data collection and analysis, and development and validation of industry-standard models for utility planning and interconnection studies. This collaboration also resulted in dissemination of key research findings and advancement of standards. Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) and SunPower contributed significantly to stakeholder activities such as the North America Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Integration of Variable Generation Task Force (IVGTF) and the Western Electricity Coordinating Council(WECC) Modeling and Validation Work Group. This research and collaboration also contributed to the success of Sandia projects sponsored by the DOE PV Solar Energy Technologies Program.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

The Last Big Bang

As one of the very few people in the world to give the “go/no go” decision to detonate a nuclear device, Austin “Mac” McGuire holds a very special place in the history of both the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the world. As Commander of Joint Task Force Unit 8.1.1, on Christmas Island in the spring and summer of 1962, Mac directed the Los Alamos data collection efforts for twelve of the last atmospheric nuclear detonations conducted by the United States. Since data collection was at the heart of nuclear weapon testing, it fell to Mac to make the ultimate decision to detonate each test device. He calls his experience THE LAST BIG BANG, since these tests, part of Operation Dominic, were characterized by the dramatic displays of the heat, light, and sounds unique to atmospheric nuclear detonations – never, perhaps, to be witnessed again.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2016

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT RESEARCH AT SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES.

Water is the backbone of our economy - safe and adequate supplies of water are vital for agriculture, industry, recreation, and human consumption. While our supply of water today is largely safe and adequate, we as a nation face increasing water supply challenges in the form of extended droughts, demand growth due to population increase, more stringent health-based regulation, and competing demands from a variety of users. To meet these challenges in the coming decades, water treatment technologies, including desalination, will contribute substantially to ensuring a safe, sustainable, affordable, and adequate water supply for the United States. This overview documents Sandia National Laboratories' (SNL, or Sandia) Water Treatment Program which focused on the development and demonstration of advanced water purification technologies as part of the larger Sandia Water Initiative. Projects under the Water Treatment Program include: (1) the development of desalination research roadmaps (2) our efforts to accelerate the commercialization of new desalination and water treatment technologies (known as the 'Jump-Start Program),' (3) long range (high risk, early stage) desalination research (known as the 'Long Range Research Program'), (4) treatment research projects under the Joint Water Reuse & Desalination Task Force, (5) the Arsenic Water Technology Partnership Program, (6) water treatment projects funded under the New Mexico Small Business Administration, (7) water treatment projects for the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), (8) Sandia- developed contaminant-selective treatment technologies, and finally (9) current Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) funded desalination projects.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2016

Assistance to State Legislatures on Energy Issues

The project educated and trained state legislators and legislative staff from across the nation on energy technology and policy issues, improving their level of understanding and enabling them to make informed policy decisions on critical issues in their states. Since most policymakers are elected with little or no background on energy issues, NCSL has played a critical ongoing role in supporting them as create policy to deal with the rapidly evolving energy system. The policymakers that attended meetings and trainings indicated improved comprehension and understanding of energy issues in the meeting and session evaluations. These educational trainings included the annual 60-hour training Legislative Energy Horizon Institute, the 2-3 yearly meetings of the Energy Supply Task Force, the annual Energy Summit, energy institutes on energy assurance and critical infrastructure, transmission institutes, a natural gas institute and numerous sessions and issue forums at NCSL annual meetings. The effort also included the production of many written products (all available on the NCSL website), in-person technical assistance and the promotion of information-sharing among policymakers to achieve a higher level of energy understanding among state policymakers and staff.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2017

Crystalline and Crystalline International Disposal Activities

This report presents the results of work conducted between September 2015 and July 2016 at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the crystalline disposal and crystalline international disposal work packages of the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) for DOE-NE’s Fuel Cycle Research and Development program. Los Alamos focused on two main activities during this period: Discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling to describe flow and radionuclide transport in complex fracture networks that are typical of crystalline rock environments, and a comprehensive interpretation of three different colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport experiments conducted in a fractured granodiorite at the Grimsel Test Site in Switzerland between 2002 and 2013. Chapter 1 presents the results of the DFN work and is divided into three main sections: (1) we show results of our recent study on the correlation between fracture size and fracture transmissivity (2) we present an analysis and visualization prototype using the concept of a flow topology graph for characterization of discrete fracture networks, and (3) we describe the Crystalline International work in support of the Swedish Task Force. Chapter 2 presents interpretation of the colloidfacilitated radionuclide transport experiments in the crystalline rock at the Grimsel Test Site.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Load Composition Model Workflow (BPA TIP-371 Deliverable 1A)

This project is funded under Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Strategic Partnership Project (SPP) 17-005 between BPA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The project in a BPA Technology Improvement Project (TIP) that builds on and validates the Composite Load Model developed by the Western Electric Coordinating Council's (WECC) Load Modeling Task Force (LMTF). The composite load model is used by the WECC Modeling and Validation Work Group to study the stability and security of the western electricity interconnection. The work includes development of load composition data sets, collection of load disturbance data, and model development and validation. This work supports reliable and economic operation of the power system. This report was produced for Deliverable 1A of the BPA TIP-371 Project entitled \TIP 371: Advancing the Load Composition Model". The deliverable documents the proposed work ow for the Composite Load Model, which provides the basis for the instrumentation, data acquisition, analysis and data dissemination activities addressed by later phases of the project.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2018

Commercial Opportunity Cancer Imaging Ultrasonics-based methods for cancer imaging & diagnostics

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in U.S. women and prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in American men. X-ray mammography is the principal breastcancer screening tool available, but its false positive rate is more than 80%. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, which measures the level of PSA in a man’s blood, is no longer recommended by the U.S. task force for prostate-cancer screening. Los Alamos National Security (LANS) has developed novel imaging technologies for early-stage cancer detection based on advanced ultrasonic analyses. In particular, Los Alamos has developed ultrasoundwaveform tomography and related super-resolution ultrasound- imaging technologies that can provide significantly improved image resolution and characterization of early-stage cancers and thus potentially save lives.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Soils Activity Quality Assurance Plan, Revision 1

This Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) provides the overall Quality Assurance (QA) program requirements, technical planning, and general quality practices to be applied to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Management (EM) Nevada Program Soils Activity. The QAP requirements are consistent with the Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs–Requirements with Guidance for Use (ANSI/ASQ, 2004); the Intergovernmental Data Quality Task Force Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans (IDQTF, 2005); and 10 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 830.120, Quality Assurance (CFR, 2017a), which apply to specific activities performed under the Soils Activity. The EM Nevada Program owns and is responsible for maintaining this QAP. Individual participants are responsible for implementing the requirements of this QAP in accordance with their own approved programs, processes, plans, and procedures. If a participant’s requirement document differs from this QAP, the stricter requirement will take precedence.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) Science Requirements Document

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) will use five cosmological probes: galaxy clusters, large scale structure, supernovae, strong lensing, and weak lensing. This Science Requirements Document (SRD) quantifies the expected dark energy constraining power of these probes individually and together, with conservative assumptions about analysis methodology and follow-up observational resources based on our current understanding and the expected evolution within the field in the coming years. We then define requirements on analysis pipelines that will enable us to achieve our goal of carrying out a dark energy analysis consistent with the Dark Energy Task Force definition of a Stage IV dark energy experiment. This is achieved through a forecasting process that incorporates the flowdown to detailed requirements on multiple sources of systematic uncertainty. Future versions of this document will include evolution in our software capabilities and analysis plans along with updates to the LSST survey strategy.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Codes and Standards Update: February 2019

The goal of the DOE OE Energy Storage System Safety Roadmap is to foster confidence in the safety and reliability of energy storage systems. There are three interrelated objectives to support the realization of that goal: research, codes and standards(C/S)and communication/coordination. The objective focused on C/S is "To apply research and development to support efforts that refocused on ensuring that codes and standards are available to enable the safe implementation of energy storage systems in a comprehensive, non-discriminatory and science-based manner." The following activities support that objective and realization of the goal: (a.) Review and assess C/S which affect the design, installation, and operation of energy storage systems(ESS). (b.) Identify gaps in knowledge that require research and analysis that can serve as a basis for criteria in those C/S. (c.) Identify areas in C/S that are potentially in need of revision or enhancement and can benefit from activities conducted under research and development. (d.) Develop input for new or revisions to existing C/S through individual stakeholders, facilitated task forces, or through laboratory staff supporting these efforts. The purpose of this Codes and Standards Update is to support the above activities by providing information on efforts being conducted by U.S. standards developing organizations(SDOs)and other entities that are focused on ESS safety. The information is organized relative to the scope of each document in relation to ESS from the "macro to the micro"(e.g., from overarching covering considerable scope ,to installation specific, to ESS and then ESS components). Note that more macro documents are also likely to adopt by reference more micro documents.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Models and methods for assessing the value of HVDC adn MVDC technologies in modern power grids (Annual Report, Executive Summary)

Evolution of today’s predominantly alternating current (ac) transmission grid in to mixed ac transmission – high-voltage direct current (HVdc) systems is expected with the decreasing costs of and advancements in power electronics technologies. The recent technological advancements include the development of more efficient and compact voltage source converters (VSCs) that can provide fast response. Because of their controllability and fast response, HVdc systems provide the ability to enhance reliability of the ac transmission grid through frequency support, voltage control, and congestion relief. The HVdc systems can also provide other ancillary services to enhance the economics and reliability of the ac transmission grids, and to optimize their performance. The tools, models, and methods developed to evaluate their benefits will be key enablers to understanding the value proposition introduced by the fast-acting HVdc systems. The main motivation of this work was to develop models and methods to explore and quantify the technical and economic benefits of HVdc systems and fast response VSC technologies in the future grid of United States. The models and methods explore the benefits of HVdc systems through provision of controlled active/reactive power and fast response. The fast response can provide much-needed multiobjective services to the grid (e.g., frequency response, voltage control) while moving blocks of energy. The models and methods can be applied to study other power electronics technologies and scenarios such as those undertaken in ongoing studies led by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Inverter-based Resource Performance Task Force (IRPTF). The IRPTF studies identify the problems associated with power electronics-based technologies as they are integrated in to the bulk power system (or the ac transmission system).

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2019

Lighting and Power Upgrade Recommendations for U.S. National Park Service Caribbean Units

The U.S. National Park Service (NPS) maintains and operates numerous park units along the Eastern Seaboard of the United States, extending into the Caribbean to Commonwealth territories like Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). Several of these units were in the direct path of hurricanes Irma and Maria during the 2017 hurricane season and suffered considerable damage, including power outages, structural damage, and destroyed equipment. In February 2018, a task force deployed to three locations in the Caribbean to assess hurricane damage to the existing lighting systems and energy infrastructure. The primary objective was providing related recommendations for resiliency upgrades to the lighting and electrical supply systems, with special added emphasis on the numerous goals, objectives, and requirements of the NPS (such as protecting night skies, wildlife, wilderness character, cultural resources, etc.). Numerous opportunities exist for simultaneously increasing resiliency and preserving natural environments within these sensitive locations, and technological approaches that work in the extreme conditions encountered here should readily translate to many other less complex sites across the greater park system. Ultimately, care and attention to detail in implementation are the most important underlying requirements for success across the myriad needs likely encountered at these sites, once commitment to resolving them has been secured.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗