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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Electric ion source in orbit around earth to generate probes for magnetosphere studies of electric fields, ion diffusion, and distant magnetic field configuration
Temperature, ionization level, and electron energy in sparks used for flow velocity measurements
Plasma flow velocity profile measurement by electrostatic probe detection of plasma drop caused by gas breakdown due to focused giant pulse laser
Onboard device locating present and future orbital satellite position through microfilm map dependent on satellite motion equation
Device matches ends of a buried conduit, transversing an inaccessible area, without cutting the current.
Z-micron sections removed from metal specimens by microtome for radiotracer study of mass dependence of self diffusion
Spatial distribution of injected fluorescent dyes for measurement of dispersion of soluble contaminants in rivers
A leak detection system has been developed, consisting of a tape that can be wrapped around possible leak sites on a system pressurized with air or gaseous nitrogen. Carbon monoxide, at a level of 100 to 1000 parts per million is used as a trace gas in the pressurized system. The sensitive element of the tape is palladium chloride supported on specially prepared silica gel and specially dried. At a CO level of 100 ppm and a leak rate of 10-20 ml/hr, discoloration of the sensitive element is observed in 1.5 to 3 min. The tape and trace gas are compatible with aerospace hardware, safe to handle, and economically reasonable to produce and handle.
Gas velocity measuring instrument measures transport time of ion-trace traveling fixed distance between ionization probe and detector probe. Electric field superimposes drift velocity onto flow velocity so travel times can be reduced to minimize ion diffusion effects.
Radioisotope measurement techniques and neutron activation analysis are evaluated for use in identifying and locating contamination sources in space environment simulation chambers. The alpha range method allows the determination of total contaminant concentration in vapor state and condensate state. A Cf-252 neutron activation analysis system for detecting oils and greases tagged with stable elements is described. While neutron activation analysis of tagged contaminants offers specificity, an on-site system is extremely costly to implement and provides only marginal detection sensitivity under even the most favorable conditions.
The Apollo 17 Lunar Neutron Probe Experiment measured both the boron-10 neutron capture rate and the uranium-235 neutron-induced fission rate as a function of depth. Cd absorption gave a measure of the neutron energy spectrum. Comparisons of the results are made with theory, and good agreement is obtained for the magnitudes and depth dependences of the capture rates. While the low-energy neutron spectrum at depth agrees with theory, the spectrum near the peak of the flux profile is harder than predicted. In light of these results, several alternatives for interpreting the magnitude and uniformity of the neutron capture data from lunar surface soil samples are outlined. While none of the alternatives can be unquestionably defended or discarded, a surface layer mixing model is discussed in detail.
It is shown that the gas to dust ratio in our galaxy is almost constant, even in regions of very different densities. The detailed comparison of the latitude distribution of the gamma-ray intensity with reddening data shows that in the solar vicinity the latter gives the best estimate of the total amount of interstellar gas. This conclusion is used to compute the nearby contributions to the gamma-rays longitude distribution observed by SAS II. Some implications for the large scale structure of the galaxy are examined.
Addition of tungsten powder (4 percent by weight) to commercially available low viscosity epoxy adhesive, yields nonmetal composite repair material with enhanced radiographic contrast for radiographic and ultrasonic inspection techniques.
Samples were collected in the Chesapeake Bay entrance and contiguous shelf waters and were subsequently analyzed for particulate coprostanol and cholesterol concentrations. Surface coprostanol concentrations were fairly uniform, with a slight increase with depth. This increase with depth may be due to sewage-associated particulates settling as they leave the Bay, or the resuspension of contaminated sediment. Preliminary findings indicate sewage-associated materials are being transported from the Chesapeake Bay to shelf waters, where they may have a detrimental affect on living marine resources.
Global distributions of nitrous oxide, methane, ozone, and carbon 14 are used to estimate four sets of stratospheric eddy diffusion coefficients. A photochemical equilibrium model calculates O(3P), O(1D), H, HO2, OH, H2O2, NO, and NO2 densities, as a function of altitude, latitude, and time. The calculated O(1D), OH, and observed Cl densities are used to obtain the eddy profiles associated with the methane and nitrous oxide distributions, for altitudes between 10 and 40 km. Application of a constant flux condition to the seasonally averaged ozone data yields eddy values below 20 km. Time-dependent carbon 14 calculations produce eddy coefficients between 13 and 27 km. A composite profile is obtained by comparing the four sets of coefficients. Further, carbon 14 computations are used to test these profiles as well as those recommended in reports issued by the National Academy of Sciences in 1976 and 1979. The composite eddy profile produces the best agreement.
(Previously announced in STAR as N82-20109)
A study of the time variability of the disk-integrated solar magnetic flux, with a view to the behavior of emission-line intensity variations observed in lower main sequence stars, has determined that solar rotation modulation of the integrated flux is present in 75% of all rotations. For observing intervals of more than twice the lifetime of the features causing rotational modulation, the correct rotation period is identified in more than 90% of all cases. The optimum time for measuring rotational modulation is the decay phase of the activity cycle, and the solar rotation period is measured with an accuracy of a few percent. The lifetime of a rotational modulation period is approximately five rotations, and a sensitivity limit of Delta S= 0.005 is found for the Vaughan et al (1981) stellar rotation measures.
A computerized flow visualization technique capable of quantifying the flow field automatically has been developed. This technique uses afterglowing effect of optically activated phosphorescent particles to retrieve vectorial information on each trace. By using this information, in conjunction with computer image processing, the flow field of a free surface transient vortex was investigated.