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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Effects of 9.5 years warming on SOC concentration and composition in bulk soil and density fractions

Original data of whole-soil warming experiment after 9.5 years at Blodgett Forest Research Station. The Blodgett Forest is a mixed coniferous temperate forest with Mediterranean climate. The annual air temperature is 12.5℃ and the annual precipitation is 1774 mm yr-1- The soil is mesic ultic Alfisol of granitic origin, equivalent to Dystric Cambisol according to The World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) system. The soil is warmed down to 1 m at + 4℃ by vertically installed heating cables. At the time of soil sampling on 1 May 2023, the whole-soil warming experiment had been running for approximately 9.5 years, from January 2014 to May 2023. The dataset includes: - Bulk_EA: C, N content, δ13C, and CN ratio of bulk soil; - Density_fractionation: organic carbon concentration, δ13C, and C/N ratio of free light fraction (fLF), occluded ligh fraction (oLF), and heavy fraction (HF); - PCA_DRIFT_AUC: original data of area under the curve (AUC) values of eight carbon bond types integrated on diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy for each soil sample and soil fraction, which are consequently used for principal component analysis (PCA); - DRIFTS_stability_index: the calculation of aliphatic C–H (3000–2800 cm-1) to aromatic C=C (1670–1600 cm-1) ratios for each bulk soil sample and soil fraction. All data are provided in CSV format and can be viewed using Microsoft Excel.

Climate change↗
DOE OSTI2024

ACE-ENA: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic field campaign as part of ARM Aerial Facility deployment (ACE-ENA, https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/aaf2017ace-ena). The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was deployed at Lajes Air Base (IATA: TER, ICAO: LPLA), on Terceira Island in the Azores, Portugal, for the two Intensive Observation Periods from June 20 through July 22, 2017 (IOP#1) and from January 11 through February 22, 2018 (IOP#2). The G-1 aircraft performed 20+19 research flights over the ARM Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) site and Atlantic Ocean to measure atmospheric turbulence, cloud water content and drop size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50 Hz, 10 Hz, and 1 Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

CACTI: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI; https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/amf2018cacti ) field campaign in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range of north-central Argentina as part of the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) deployment. The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was operated from Las Higueras Airport (IATA: RCU, ICAO: SAOC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina, for the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) from Nov. 1 through Dec. 15, 2018. The G-1 aircraft performed 22 research flights over the first ARM Mobile Facility (AMF1) location in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range to measure atmospheric state and turbulence, cloud water content and droplet size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, and aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50Hz, 10Hz, and 1Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

A Privacy First Path Analysis using Clickstream Data

In the modern digital economy, data-driven decision making is crucial for effectively meeting the ever-evolving demands of consumer engagement and satisfaction. Clickstream data has become invaluable for understanding customer behavior, yet concerns over privacy and security persist, especially with some internet service providers profiting from its sale. This article introduces an innovative methodology that blends experiential learning with advanced cryptographic techniques, including differential privacy and graph analytics. The core objective of this methodology is to estimate Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) by analyzing clickstream data, achieving an average prediction accuracy of 92.4% in user engagement levels while ensuring user anonymity through Recency, Frequency, and Monetary (RFM) analysis. Our study introduces the concept of a “data depositor” and a privacy manager, employing the composition theorem to merge non-adaptive queries effectively. Privacy budgets (? = 1.0, d = 10-5), sensitivity-specific techniques, and data partitioning were applied. Randomization and noise addition protect data integrity, with special handling for categorical values. This approach, differing from prior studies, offers a 12.6% improvement in privacy-preserving targeting accuracy while maintaining strict confidentiality, presenting a novel path forward in data-driven decision-making.

Frequency and Monetary (RFM) analysis↗
DOE OSTI2026

2001 National Household Travel Survey - Wisconsin Add-On

The Wisconsin add-on survey supplements the 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) with additional household samples and detailed travel behavior for an assigned travel day. The Federal Highway Administration and Wisconsin Department of Transportation conducted the survey. The NHTS ran from March 2001 through May 2002, with data collection for the Wisconsin add-on occurring May 1, 2001, to May 6, 2002. The NHTS collected detailed information on travel behavior nationwide, as well as data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Wisconsin Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 17,610 household samples in Wisconsin. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 26,038.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2009 National Household Travel Survey - Wisconsin Add-On

The Wisconsin add-on survey supplements the 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) with additional household samples and detailed travel behavior for an assigned travel day. The Federal Highway Administration and Wisconsin Department of Transportation conducted the survey from March 2008 through May 2009. It collected detailed information on travel behavior nationwide, as well as data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Wisconsin Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 1,707 household samples in Wisconsin. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 26,000.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2017 National Household Travel Survey - Wisconsin Add-On

The Wisconsin add-on survey supplements the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) with additional household samples and detailed travel behavior for an assigned travel day. The Federal Highway Administration and Wisconsin Department of Transportation conducted the survey. The NHTS ran from April 19, 2016, through April 25, 2017. It collected detailed information on travel behavior nationwide, as well as data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Wisconsin Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 11,675 household samples in Wisconsin. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 129,112.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2009 National Household Travel Survey - California Add-On

The California add-on survey supplements the 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) with additional household samples and detailed travel behavior for an assigned travel day. The NHTS was conducted by the Federal Highway Administration, which collected data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households, as well as detailed information on travel behavior nationwide. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The California Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 21,225 household samples in California, from March 2008 through May 2009.

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2017 National Household Travel Survey - California Add-On

The California add-on survey supplements the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) with additional household samples and detailed travel behavior for an assigned travel day. The NHTS was conducted by the Federal Highway Administration, which collected data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households, as well as detailed information on travel behavior nationwide. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The California Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 26,095 household samples in California, from April 2016 through April 2017.

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2017 National Household Travel Survey—Georgia Add-On

The National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) ran from April 19, 2016, through April 25, 2017. It collected data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households, as well as detailed information on travel behavior nationwide. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Georgia Department of Transportation participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 8,631 household samples in Georgia. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 129,112.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2017 National Household Travel Survey—Indian Nations Council of Governments (Oklahoma) Add-On

The National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) ran from April 19, 2016, through April 25, 2017. It collected data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households, as well as detailed information on travel behavior nationwide. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Indian Nations Council of Governments participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 1,049 household samples in Oklahoma. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 129,112.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2026

2017 National Household Travel Survey—Iowa Add-On

The National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) ran from April 19, 2016, through April 25, 2017. It collected data on the demographic and socioeconomic composition of households, as well as detailed information on travel behavior nationwide. State transportation departments and metropolitan planning agencies had the opportunity to purchase extra household samples as part of the NHTS add-on program. These additional samples, along with national samples collected in the add-on areas, are compiled for use in transportation planning, forecasting, and research. The Des Moines Area Metropolitan Planning Organization participated in the NHTS add-on program and received a total of 1,293 household samples in Iowa. (The total number of household samples nationwide is 129,112.)

1Hz data↗
DOE OSTI2025

Energy-resolved neutron imaging and diffraction including grain orientation mapping using event camera technology

Time-of-flight neutron diffraction and energy-resolved imaging each provide unique perspectives into material properties. Neutron diffraction is useful for assessing microstructural parameters such as phase composition, texture, and dislocation densities, though it typically provides averaged data over the sampled volume. Energy-resolved imaging, on the other hand, offers both spatial and spectral information by detecting Bragg edges and neutron absorption resonances, which enables detailed mapping of microstructure and isotopic composition. When combined, these techniques have the potential to enrich our understanding of material behavior across different scales, enhancing our understanding of complex materials. Traditionally, these modalities are conducted on separate instruments, which is time-consuming and poses challenges for data integration. Here, we report the integration of the LumaCam, an event-mode energy-resolved neutron imaging camera with the HIPPO time-of-flight diffractometer at LANSCE. This integration enables simultaneous diffraction and imaging across the full spectrum, with analysis optimized for diffraction and Bragg-edge imaging in the thermal range (0.45–10 Å) and resonance imaging in the epithermal range (0.5–3000 eV), facilitating comprehensive multi-modal analysis. We demonstrate its capabilities through case studies, including spatial mapping of grain orientations in a steel sample and accurate thickness estimations for irregular samples including a depleted uranium cylinder and a natural silver-containing mineral specimen. The combined setup enhances real-time sample alignment and provides comprehensive data for crystal structure, texture, and isotopic composition analysis. This approach opens new possibilities for advanced applications in nuclear engineering, archaeology, and materials science.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Neutron capture signatures determined from gadolinium isotope compositions of uranium ore concentrates using MC-ICPMS

We present Gd isotope compositions on 25 well-characterized uranium ore concentrates (UOCs). About half the UOCs have isotope depletions in 157 Gd coupled with anticorrelated excesses in 158 Gd due to neutron capture effects. UOCs from older ore bodies and with higher U contents show larger neutron capture effects than UOCs from younger ore bodies with lower U contents. These Gd data are correlated with their previously measured Sm isotope compositions, and we use the Sm data to estimate the neutron fluence of these samples. In conclusion, this work demonstrates how Gd isotope signatures can be employed as a new tool for nuclear forensics.

Earth Sciences↗
DOE OSTI2025

Modeling household-level party composition behavior for multiparty activities: a random parameter nested logit modeling approach

This study presents findings of a household-level party composition model for multiparty activities. It exploits data from a comprehensive Household Travel Survey conducted by Chicago Metropolitan Agency of Planning. The study estimates a random parameter nested logit model to capture households’ unobserved preference heterogeneity and non-proportional substitution patterns in terms of activity party composition for multiparty activities. A wide variety of household demographics, activity attributes and residential neighborhood characteristics are examined in this paper. The magnitude of the impacts of the determinants are tested in this study by analyzing the elasticity of the variables, which suggests that household demographics and attributes of the multiparty activities have significant effects on the household-level activity party composition. Residential neighborhood characteristics, although somewhat less impactful, still play a meaningful role. This model will be implemented within the POLARIS transportation systems simulator to improve the activity generation modeling workflow, and the prediction accuracy of various activity-travel components.

activity party composition↗
DOE OSTI2025

Dust Direct Radiative Effect Including Large Particles and Component Minerals

The direct radiative effect (DRE) of dust aerosols in Earth system models (ESMs) remains highly uncertain, largely due to inadequate representations of particle size distribution (PSD) and mineral composition. Using NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) soil mineralogy data and observed PSD in an ESM that resolves dust mineral composition and emitted diameters from 0.1 to 70 μm, we find a near-neutral global dust net DRE (−0.057 W m −2 ), weaker than most previous estimates. Large dust (diameter >10 μm) contributes 30% of the global longwave dust optical depth, providing observational constraints on large-particle abundance, and offsets 20% of the dust shortwave cooling over major source regions. Incorporation of EMIT mineralogy reduces shortwave uncertainty by more than 50%. The remaining uncertainty mainly exists in processes controlling dust abundance, particularly the poorly understood transport of large dust, and longwave optical properties, which require additional observational constraints to more accurately quantify the dust DRE.

Li, Longlei [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United Sta↗
DOE OSTI2024

Propane Dehydrogenation on Pt x Zn y Active Sites in Silicalite‐1

Abstract The improvement of Pt‐based catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) has progressed by recent investigations that have identified Zn as a promising promoter for Pt subnanometer catalysts. It is desirable to gain insights into the structure, stability, and activity of such active sites and the factors that influence them, such as Zn : Pt ratio, Pt coordination and nuclearity. Here, we employ density functional theory and microkinetic simulations to investigate the stability of Pt x Zn y ( x =1–3, y=0–3) active sites grafted on silanols of Silicalite‐1 and the PDH activity of Pt. We find that the coordination of a Pt atom to a nest of grafted Zn(II) atoms increases the stability of the Pt 1 Zn y sites, whose activity is similar for y=0–2 and drops dramatically for y>2. We further demonstrate, via linear scaling relations and microkinetic simulations, that the turnover frequency obeys a volcano law as a function of propylene binding strength. The Pt 2 Zn 1 and Pt 3 Zn 1 sites are stable and exhibit activity similar to Pt 1 Zn 2 , but only Pt 1 Zn 2 manifests reaction kinetics consistent with experimental data, strongly suggesting the active site composition in the synthesized catalyst samples. The methodology presented here suggests a general strategy for deducing active site information such as composition through simple kinetic experiments.

Liu, Yilang↗
DOE OSTI2024

Propane Dehydrogenation on Pt x Zn y Active Sites in Silicalite‐1

Abstract The improvement of Pt‐based catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) has progressed by recent investigations that have identified Zn as a promising promoter for Pt subnanometer catalysts. It is desirable to gain insights into the structure, stability, and activity of such active sites and the factors that influence them, such as Zn : Pt ratio, Pt coordination and nuclearity. Here, we employ density functional theory and microkinetic simulations to investigate the stability of Pt x Zn y ( x =1–3, y=0–3) active sites grafted on silanols of Silicalite‐1 and the PDH activity of Pt. We find that the coordination of a Pt atom to a nest of grafted Zn(II) atoms increases the stability of the Pt 1 Zn y sites, whose activity is similar for y=0–2 and drops dramatically for y>2. We further demonstrate, via linear scaling relations and microkinetic simulations, that the turnover frequency obeys a volcano law as a function of propylene binding strength. The Pt 2 Zn 1 and Pt 3 Zn 1 sites are stable and exhibit activity similar to Pt 1 Zn 2 , but only Pt 1 Zn 2 manifests reaction kinetics consistent with experimental data, strongly suggesting the active site composition in the synthesized catalyst samples. The methodology presented here suggests a general strategy for deducing active site information such as composition through simple kinetic experiments.

Liu, Yilang↗