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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Leaf mass area, leaf carbon and nitrogen content of 18 plant species, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2023

Leaf mass per area (LMA), and leaf carbon and nitrogen content of Arctic vegetation species from three sites on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. The plants were sampled in July 2023 from the Kougarok Mile 64, Teller Mile 27 and Council sites as part of an ongoing project to improve the understanding of stomatal conductance and photosynthetic parameterization of Arctic plant functional types (PFTs). Species sampled included deciduous tall and dwarf shrubs, forbs, and graminoids, for a total of 18 species. All sampled leaves were used for gas exchange measurements prior to analysis of LMA and leaf carbon and nitrogen content. The data and metadata files included in this data package are in .csv format. See related dataset NGA509 for leaf-level gas exchange measurements and shrub traits (size, thaw depth, soil moisture).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 15-year research effort (2012-2027) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Data and scripts associated with “Moisture content modulates DOM thermodynamic regulation of oxygen consumption in drying streambed sediments”

This data package is associated with the publication “Moisture content modulates DOM thermodynamic regulation of oxygen consumption in drying streambed sediments” published in Scientific Reports (Garayburu-Caruso et al., 2026). The package contains processed data products and scripts used to quantify how drying and re-inundation of riverbed sediments influence dissolved organic matter (DOM) thermodynamic properties and their relationship with sediment oxygen (O₂) consumption across 33 stream sites in the contiguous United States. The data package contains DOM thermodynamic metrics (e.g., Gibbs free energy of carbon oxidation and thermodynamic efficiency), and O₂ consumption along with watershed-scale climate and land-cover metrics used as explanatory variables in the analyses. Underlying unprocessed and processed ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry data, oxygen consumption rates from laboratory moisture-manipulation experiments, within-sample environmental properties, sediment moisture content and contextual field measurements are archived separately at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/2428003 (Laan et al., 2024) and https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/1923689 (Forbes et al.,2023). A preliminary version of this data package was published in February 2026 at the time of manuscript submission. It was updated in June 2026, at the time of manuscript acceptance, to include the finalized data and additional metadata (readme, data dictionary, and file level metadata). For details on how to navigate data packages generated by this project, see https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA/About. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes all column/row headers and variable definitions. At the top level, the data package is organized into five main folders: (1) Data, (2)Figures, (3) Map, (4) GAM_Reulsts, and (5) src. The Data folder contains analysis-ready tabular files with oxygen consumption rates, DOM thermodynamic properties by site and treatment, site-level environmental variables, watershed-scale metrics, and other derived variables referenced in the manuscript. The Figures folder contains static image files associated with the main text and supplemental figures, while the Map folder includes spatial data and map-layer files used to create the sampling-location map. The GAM results folder contains the results for each of the general additive model (GAM).The src folder contains R scripts used to perform data processing, statistical analyses (including clustering, generalized additive models, and threshold analysis), and figure generation. This data package is associated with a GitHub repository found at https://github.com/WHONDRS-Hub/ECA_DOM_Thermodynamics.

Dissolved organic matter↗
DOE OSTI2020

An Evaluation of a Neutron Time Correlated Interrogation Method for Measurement of Fissile Content in Research Reactor Spent Fuel Assemblies

There are many research reactors worldwide that have been, or are being converted from the use of high enrichment uranium (HEU) to low enrichment uranium (LEU, < 20% enriched). The verification of fissile content and initial enrichment of the spent fuel is needed for the effective safeguards of the fuel. The advanced experimental fuel counter (AEFC) was developed for the measurement of spent fuel rods and assemblies from research reactors for safeguards verification. This measurement system contains components for active neutron interrogation, passive neutron totals counting, neutron coincidence counting, and gross gamma-ray counting. This report presents the first application of the time correlated interrogation technique for the measurement of the 235 U content in research reactor spent fuel assemblies. The technique, called time correlated induced fission (TCIF), uses a 252 Cf neutron source to irradiate the fuel assembly, and the subsequent induced fission events in the fissile material are measured by coincidence counting. The doubles rates are enhanced by having the neutron trigger events from both the 252 Cf source and the induced fission neutrons in the same time gate in the coincidence analysis. The average neutrons per fission of the 252 Cf source is 3.76 and the induced fission neutrons for 235 U is 2.44, so the number of neutrons that are produced is higher than for random neutron interrogation. This high effective neutron number increases the multiplicity counting rates and reduces the statistical error. The background coincidence counts from the 252 Cf are reduced by the water in the sample cavity and the polyethylene surrounding the 3 He detector tubes. This method of active neutron interrogation has been applied to the measurement of spent research reactor (IRT) fuel assemblies. The advanced experimental fuel counter (AEFC) was used to compare the TCIF method with the typically used AmLi neutron interrogation source that emits neutrons that are random in time. The statistical uncertainty for the use of the random neutron source (AmLi) and the time correlated source ( 252 Cf) for spent fuel interrogations was evaluated.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Drop Analysis of the Advanced Test Reactor Fresh Fuel Shipping Container with Heavier Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Contents

The Advanced Test Reactor Fresh Fuel Shipping Container (ATR FFSC) is a rectangular stainless steel container used for shipping radioactive material. The container is described in the ATR FFSC Safety Analysis Report (SAR). Per the ATR FFSC SAR, the ATR FFSC is designated a Type AF-96 packaging per the definition of 10 CFR §71.4, and was originally designed to transport high enriched uranium (HEU) reactor fuel elements for the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR), the Advanced Test Reactor Critical (ATRC) facility, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Reactor (MITR), and the University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR). The Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration’s (NNSA), Office of Material Management and Minimization (M3) is working with the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to develop and qualify new low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels and technologies for use in the ATR, ATRC, MITR, and MURR reactors. The LEU fuel elements will weigh significantly more than the current HEU designs and, combined with their associated Fuel Handling Enclosures for packaging, some configurations will exceed the 50 lbf used in the ATR FFSC qualifying drop tests. There are LEU versions of MITR, MURR, and ATR fuel elements. However, for this evaluation, drop analysis of the ATR FFSC with only the heavier ATR Low Enrichment (LOWE) fuel element is considered in this evaluation because the LOWE fuel element is the heaviest of the considered LEU fuel elements. The ATR HEU fuel element and the ATR LOWE fuel element are identical in every design aspect except for the fuel meat inside the 19 fuel plates. The LEU fuel meats are made using a U-10Mo high-density foil rather than uranium dispersed in aluminum in the HEU fuel elements. The high density of the uranium in the LEU fuel meat increases the LOWE fuel element weight to just under 44 lbf (versus the 22.1 lbf weight of the tested ATR HEU fuel element). ATR fuel elements are placed in a thin-gauge aluminum weldment called a "Fuel Handling Enclosure" during packaging. The Fuel Handling Enclosure is used to cover and protect the element during loading and unloading operations. The ATR Fuel Handling Enclosure weighs about 15 lbf per the drawings in the ATR FFSC SAR and the weight is accounted for in this evaluation. Transporting the heavier LEU fuel elements require evaluation of two issues. The first is the effect of the increased mass of the LEU fuel elements on the survivability of the ATR FFSC package following the requisite drop qualifications. The second is the effect of the increased mass of the fuel plates on the fuel element during the same drops. The ATR FFSC containing an ATR HEU fuel element in an ATR Fuel Handling Enclosure was physically dropped multiple times to qualify the container as a Type AF-96 package. The ATR FFSC SAR describes the drop tests performed with an actual ATR HEU fuel element weighing 22.1 lbf contained in a 14.3 lbf Fuel Handling Enclosure for a total payload of 36.4 lbf. Those drop tests showed that the ATR FFSC maintained containment of the ATR HEU fuel element and the fuel element was not significantly damaged. (Containment herein is not defined as a leak tight but is retention of the radioactive contents.) The purpose of the evaluation is to analytically show that, for a similar set of tests, the ATR FFSC maintains containment of the heavier ATR LOWE fuel element and to assess the damage to the fuel element during the drops. The approach was to create finite element analysis (FEA) models that produce the same results as the physical drops. Those models were then used as the benchmarks for the follow-on analyses using the heavier contents. FEA models of the drops of ATR FFSC using up to a 115 lbf fuel element were run and evaluated. Likewise, drops of a LOWE fuel element weighing 44 lbf in the ATR FFSC were run and evaluated. It is important to note that this report was done at the quality level necessary to be included in a nuclear facility safety basis. However, it is not the intent of this report to conclude the suitability of the ATR FFSC for transporting the heavier payloads. This report only describes the results of the FEA as related to the required drop scenarios. Incorporation of the FEA into the safety basis will be evaluated by the ATR FFSC design authority. The physical drop tests of the HEU fuel element and FEA drop analysis for the LOWE fuel element showed noteworthy damage to the fuel plates. An aluminum protective block was conceived to mitigate the damage. The concept requires the blocks to be placed in the fuel element between the end boxes and fuel plates. Additional FEA drop analyses were performed using the protective block. The addition of the blocks is primarily intended to mitigate the damage to the LOWE fuel element fuel plates. However, FEA drop analyses of the ATR HEU fuel element with the blocks were also performed and included for information.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Development of Resources and Tools to Improve Oil Content and Quality in Pennycress (Final Report)

This is the final report for the project entitled "Development of Resources and Tools to Improve Oil Content and Quality in Pennycress". The project focused on three main aspects: 1) Investigate pennycress natural variation to identify candidate genes and biomarkers associated with oil accumulation and fatty acid composition. 2) Identify targets to improve oil content and composition. 3) Establish metabolic engineering targets and develop community resources.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Safety Analysis Report For Packaging, Y-12 National Security Complex, Model ES-3100 Package with Bulk HEU Contents

This safety analysis report for packaging (SARP) presents the results of the safety analysis prepared in support of the Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC (CNS) request for licensing of the Model ES-3100 package with bulk highly enriched uranium (HEU) contents and issuance of a Type B(U) Fissile Material Certificate of Compliance. This SARP, published in the format specified in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Guide 7.9 and using information provided in UCID-21218 and NRC Regulatory Guide 7.10, demonstrates that the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12) ES-3100 package with bulk HEU contents meets the established NRC regulations for packaging, preparation for shipment, and transportation of radioactive materials given in Title 10, Part 71, of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) [10 CFR 71] as well as U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations for packaging and shipment of hazardous materials given in Title 49 CFR.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2023

Progress in understanding and improving oil content and quality in seeds

The world’s population is projected to increase by two billion by 2050, resulting in food and energy insecurity. Oilseed crops have been identified as key to address these challenges: they produce and store lipids in the seeds as triacylglycerols that can serve as a source of food/feed, renewable fuels, and other industrially-relevant chemicals. Therefore, improving seed oil content and composition has generated immense interest. Research efforts aiming to unravel the regulatory pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis and to identify targets for metabolic engineering have made tremendous progress. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge of oil metabolism and discusses how photochemical activity and unconventional pathways can contribute to high carbon conversion efficiency in seeds. It also highlights the importance of 13 C-metabolic flux analysis as a tool to gain insights on the pathways that regulate oil biosynthesis in seeds. Finally, a list of key genes and regulators that have been recently targeted to enhance seed oil production are reviewed and additional possible targets in the metabolic pathways are proposed to achieve desirable oil content and quality.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Dead Fuel Moisture Content Reanalysis Dataset for California (2000–2020)

This study presents a novel reanalysis dataset of dead fuel moisture content (DFMC) across California from 2000 to 2020 at a 2 km resolution. Utilizing a data assimilation system that integrates a simplified time-lag fuel moisture model with 10-h fuel moisture observations from remote automated weather stations (RAWS) allowed predictions of 10-h fuel moisture content by our method with a mean absolute error of 0.03 g/g compared to the widely used Nelson model, with a mean absolute error prediction of 0.05 g/g. For context, the values of DFMC in California are commonly between 0.05 g/g and 0.30 g/g. The presented product provides gridded hourly moisture estimates for 1-h, 10-h, 100-h, and 1000-h fuels, essential for analyzing historical fire activity and understanding climatological trends. The methodology presented here demonstrates significant advancements in the accuracy and robustness of fuel moisture estimates, which are critical for fire forecasting and management.

Farguell, Angel (ORCID:000000032395220X)↗
DOE OSTI2020

Identification of Novel Genomic Associations and Gene Candidates for Grain Starch Content in Sorghum

Starch accumulated in the endosperm of cereal grains as reserve energy for germination serves as a staple in human and animal nutrition. Unraveling genetic control for starch metabolism is important for breeding grains with high starch content. In this study, we used a sorghum association panel with 389 individuals and 141,557 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to fit linear mixed models (LMM) for identifying genomic regions and potential candidate genes associated with starch content. Three associated genomic regions, one in chromosome (chr) 1 and two novel associations in chr-8, were identified using combination of LMM and Bayesian sparse LMM. All significant SNPs were located within protein coding genes, with SNPs ∼ 52 Mb of chr-8 encoding a Casperian strip membrane protein (CASP)-like protein (Sobic.008G111500) and a heat shock protein (HSP) 90 (Sobic.008G111600) that were highly expressed in reproductive tissues including within the embryo and endosperm. The HSP90 is a potential hub gene with gene network of 75 high-confidence first interactors that is enriched for five biochemical pathways including protein processing. The first interactors of HSP90 also showed high transcript abundance in reproductive tissues. The candidates of this study are likely involved in intricate metabolic pathways and represent candidate gene targets for source-sink activities and drought and heat stress tolerance during grain filling.

genomics↗
DOE OSTI2021

Efficacy of Hair Total Mercury Content as a Biomarker of Methylmercury Exposure to Communities in the Area of Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Madre de Dios, Peru

Total mercury content (THg) in hair is an accepted biomarker for chronic dietary methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. In artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) communities, the validity of this biomarker is questioned because of the potential for contamination from inorganic mercury. As mining communities may have both inorganic and organic mercury exposures, the efficacy of the hair-THg biomarker needs to be evaluated, particularly as nations begin population exposure assessments under their commitments to the Minamata Convention. We sought to validate the efficacy of hair THg for public health monitoring of MeHg exposures for populations living in ASGM communities. We quantified both THg and MeHg contents in hair from a representative subset of participants (N = 287) in a large, population-level mercury exposure assessment in the ASGM region in Madre de Dios (MDD), Peru. We compared population MeHg-THg correlations and %MeHg values with demographic variables including community location, sex, occupation, and nativity. We observed that hair MeHg-THg correlations were high (r > 0.7) for all communities, regardless of location or nativity. Specifically, for individuals within ASGM communities, 81% (121 of 150 total) had hair THg predominantly in the form of MeHg (i.e., >66% of THg) and reflective of dietary exposure to mercury. Furthermore, for individuals with hair THg exceeding the U.S. EPA threshold (1.0 μg/g), 88 out of 106 (83%) had MeHg as the predominant form. As a result, had urine THg solely been used for mercury exposure monitoring, approximately 59% of the ASGM population would have been misclassified as having low mercury exposure. Our results support the use of hair THg for monitoring of MeHg exposure of populations in ASGM settings where alternative biomarkers of MeHg exposure are not feasible.

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTAN↗
DOE OSTI2023

Influence of Mo Content on the Precipitation Behavior of 13Ni Maraging Ultra-High Strength Steels

This study offers valuable insights into the precipitation behavior of 13Ni maraging steels, emphasizing the role of molybdenum content in their microstructure, strengthening, and precipitate evolution. Precipitate morphology and crystallography were examined using a combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. Strengthening mechanisms were assessed through Vickers hardness measurements. All the examined samples exhibited a lath martensite microstructure and displayed an increasing hardness over the aging time. The molybdenum content not only influenced the presence of retained austenite in the initial microstructure but also affected the type of precipitates formed during the early aging stages. Initially, Ni 3 Mo precipitates were formed, succeeded by the formation of more stable Fe 2 (Mo,Ti) Laves precipitates. The ultra-high strength of 13Ni maraging steels arises from the combination of the precipitate type and size distribution. The base composition of 13Ni maraging steels achieved a peak hardness of 798 HV1 through the precipitation of Laves Fe 2 (Mo,Ti) phases ranging from 3 to 14 nm in diameter.

13Ni maraging steels↗
DOE OSTI2022

On the H I Content of MaNGA Major Merger Pairs

The role of H I content in galaxy interactions is still under debate. To study the H I content of galaxy pairs at different merging stages, we compile a sample of 66 major-merger galaxy pairs and 433 control galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) MaNGA IFU survey. In this study, we adopt kinematic asymmetry as a new effective indicator to describe the merging stage of galaxy pairs. With archival data from the HI-MaNGA survey and new observations from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we investigate the differences in H I gas fraction (f H I ), star formation rate (SFR), and H I star formation efficiency (SFE H I ) between the pair and control samples. Our results suggest that the H I gas fraction of major-merger pairs on average is marginally decreased by ~15% relative to isolated galaxies, implying mild H I depletion during galaxy interactions. Compared to isolated galaxies, pre-passage paired galaxies have similar f H I , SFR, and SFE H I , while pairs during the pericentric passage have weakly decreased f H I (–0.10 ± 0.05 dex), significantly enhanced SFR (0.42 ± 0.11 dex), and SFE H I (0.48 ± 0.12 dex). When approaching the apocenter, paired galaxies show marginally decreased f H I (–0.05 ± 0.04 dex), comparable SFR (0.04 ± 0.06 dex), and SFE H I (0.08 ± 0.08 dex). We propose that the marginally detected H i depletion may originate from the gas consumption in fueling the enhanced H2 reservoir of galaxy pairs. In addition, new FAST observations also reveal a H I absorber (N H I ~ 4.7 × 10 21 cm –2 ), which may suggest gas infalling and the triggering of active galactic nuclei activity.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2024

ACE-ENA: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic field campaign as part of ARM Aerial Facility deployment (ACE-ENA, https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/aaf2017ace-ena). The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was deployed at Lajes Air Base (IATA: TER, ICAO: LPLA), on Terceira Island in the Azores, Portugal, for the two Intensive Observation Periods from June 20 through July 22, 2017 (IOP#1) and from January 11 through February 22, 2018 (IOP#2). The G-1 aircraft performed 20+19 research flights over the ARM Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) site and Atlantic Ocean to measure atmospheric turbulence, cloud water content and drop size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50 Hz, 10 Hz, and 1 Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

CACTI: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI; https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/amf2018cacti ) field campaign in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range of north-central Argentina as part of the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) deployment. The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was operated from Las Higueras Airport (IATA: RCU, ICAO: SAOC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina, for the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) from Nov. 1 through Dec. 15, 2018. The G-1 aircraft performed 22 research flights over the first ARM Mobile Facility (AMF1) location in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range to measure atmospheric state and turbulence, cloud water content and droplet size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, and aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50Hz, 10Hz, and 1Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Leaf mass area, leaf carbon and nitrogen content, Seward Peninsula and Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2022

Leaf mass per area (LMA), and leaf carbon and nitrogen content of Arctic vegetation species from three sites in Alaska, the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO), in Utqiagvik, and, two sites on the Seward Peninsula, Kougarok Mile 64 and Teller Mile 27. The plants were sampled in July 2022 as part of an ongoing project to improve the understanding of stomatal conductance in the Arctic. Species sampled from the BEO (from a 1 km2 area centered around 71.275°N, 156.641°W) were Arctagrostis latifolia, Arctophila fulva, Carex aquatilis, Eriophorum angustifolium, Petasites frigidus and Salix pulchra. Alnus viridis, Salix glauca and Salix pulchra were collected at the Seward Peninsula sites. All sampled leaves were used for gas exchange measurements prior to analysis of LMA and leaf carbon and nitrogen content. The data and metadata files included in this data package are in .csv format. See related datasets for stomatal response measurements.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Zeolitic catalytic conversion of alcohols to hydrocarbon fractions with reduced gaseous hydrocarbon content

A method for converting an alcohol to a hydrocarbon fraction reduced in gaseous hydrocarbon content, the method comprising: (i) contacting said alcohol with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst under conditions suitable for converting said alcohol to a first hydrocarbon fraction containing liquid hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms along with gaseous hydrocarbons having less than five carbon atoms, wherein said metal-loaded zeolite catalyst is catalytically active for converting said alcohol to said first hydrocarbon fraction; and (ii) selectively removing said gaseous hydrocarbons from the first hydrocarbon fraction and contacting said gaseous hydrocarbons with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst under conditions suitable for converting said gaseous hydrocarbons into liquid hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms to produce a second hydrocarbon fraction reduced in gaseous hydrocarbon content, wherein the metal-loaded zeolite catalyst in steps (i) and (ii) are the same or different.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Application of Interparticle Spacing Model to Maximize Filler Content in Cementitious Pastes

One of the most impactful ways to reduce embodied carbon of concrete in the near term is by partially replacing Portland cement with supplementary cementitious materials and/or fillers. This article describes an approach to reduce cement content in concrete through the development of high filler, low water (HFLW) cementitious pastes. Pastes with cement content as low as 50% (% weight of fines) were designed by applying models that maximize the packing density of the granular system and that consider the characteristics of the materials to calculate interparticle spacing (IPS), thereby allowing to obtain pastes with higher solids concentration and lower water demand. Strong correlations were found between IPS, the consistency index of the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model, and cement hydration kinetic parameters of binary and ternary pastes containing a Portland limestone cement and up to two different types of ground limestone. The approach showed to be feasible for the design of HFLW concrete paste fraction.

Antunes da Silva, Denise↗
DOE OSTI2023

Measure This, Not That: Pareto Optimal Trade-Offs between Model-Based Information Content and Measurements Cost

The slides present a novel convex optimization formulation to compute the best set of measurements for multi-response dynamical systems with asynchronous time steps that maximize the Fisher information content subject to budget constraints. The trace (A-optimality) or determinant (D-optimality) of the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) quantifies the information content. The framework supports arbitrary (positive semi-definite) variance and covariances between every pair of responses and their time steps.

Wang, Jialu↗