Disruptive Role of Vertical Land Motion in Future Assessments of Climate Change-Driven Sea Level Rise and Coastal Flooding Hazards in the Chesapeake Bay.
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Sonam Futi Sherpa↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Quantifying tidal stream disruption in a simulated Milky Way
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Emily Sandford↗
Disruption of a Planetary Nitrogen Cycle as Evidence of Extraterrestrial Agriculture
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Jacob Haqq-Misra↗
Dipolarization front and current disruption
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A. T. Y. Lui↗
Asteroid interception and disruption for terminal planetary defense
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Philip Lubin↗
Sun-grazing comets and tidal disruption.
Data interpretation for sun grazing family of comets deriving formulas for compressive and tensile stress in spherical bodies for tidal, rotational and self-gravitating fields
DATA ANALYSIS↗
Study of techniques for redundancy verification without disrupting systems, phases 1-3
The problem of verifying the operational integrity of redundant equipment and the impact of a requirement for verification on such equipment are considered. Redundant circuits are examined and the characteristics which determine adaptability to verification are identified. Mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories for verification approaches are established. The range of applicability of these techniques is defined in terms of signal characteristics and redundancy features. Verification approaches are discussed and a methodology for the design of redundancy verification is developed. A case study is presented which involves the design of a verification system for a hypothetical communications system. Design criteria for redundant equipment are presented. Recommendations for the development of technological areas pertinent to the goal of increased verification capabilities are given.
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Electrostatic disruption of lunar dust particles
The possibility that dust particles might explode catastrophically on the lunar surface due to electrostatic charging is examined. For the dark side along the terminator zone, dust balls and compact stony particles of micron and submicron sizes will be blown up if their surface potential is as low as a kilovolt negative. This mechanism does not operate on the sunlit side because the surface potential is only 3.5-20 volts positive.
Rhee, J. W.↗
Disrupted states of vortex flow and vortex breakdown
Flow visualization studies and laser Doppler anemometer measurements on swirling water flows reveal six distinct types of very large amplitude disturbance modes of the vortex core. Three, 'axisymmetric' and spiral vortex breakdowns, and the 'double helix,' have been described by others. A definite order of evolution in parameter space (Reynolds number and circulations) occurs, and is described. Puzzling responses of the axisymmetric and spiral vortex breakdowns to imposed flow transients reported previously are confirmed here, and are traced to the shedding of starting and stopping vortices from swirl vanes. Conclusions bearing upon the validity of some theories of vortex breakdown are possible from the data.
Faler, J. H.↗
Ecological disruption associated with photovoltaic energy generation: Potential alteration of habitats and ecosystem processes
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Patten, D.↗
Disruption of a coronal streamer by an eruptive prominence and coronal mass ejection
The coronal mass ejection of August 18, 1980 is analyzed using images from the coronagraph on the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite. The event occurred at the site of a large coronal helmet streamer and evolved into the three-part structure of a bright frontal shell, followed by a relatively dark space surrounding a bright filamentary core as seen in many mass ejections of the SMM epoch. The bright core can be identified as material from a prominence whose eruption was observed from the ground. The mass of the frontal shell is equal to that of the coronal helmet streamer, indicating that the shell is the coronal material previously in the helmet streamer, displaced and set into motion by the erupting prominence and surrounding cavity. The mass ejected in the bright core (or prominences) is estimated to be 50 percent larger than the 'coronal' material in the front loop.
Illing, R. M. E.↗
Disruption of the magnetotail current sheet observed by AMPTE/CCE
An unusual large-amplitude (from less than 10 nT to greater than 40 nT) magnetic oscillation characterized by about-13-sec periodicity and southward turnings of the field was observed by AMPTE/CCE on August 28, 1986. The magnetic field was often stronger southward, with some southward components exceeding 20 nT being noted. The level of the high frequency perturbations was also seen to be enhanced. It is suggested that these observations may be due to the formation of an X-type neutral line and its motion near the spacecraft.
Takahashi, K.↗
Disruption of giant comets in the solar system and around other stars
In a standard cometary mass distribution (dN/dM) alpha M(-a), a = 1.5 to 2.0) most of the mass resides in the largest comets. The maximum mass M sub max for which this distribution holds uncertain but there are theoretical and observational indications that M sub max is at least approx. 10(23)g. Chiron, although formally classified as an asteroid, is most likely a giant comet in this mass range. Its present orbit is unstable and it is expected to evolve into a more typical short period comet orbit on a timescale of approx. 10(6) to 10(7)yr. The breakup of a chiron-like comet of mass approx. 10(23)g could in principle produce approx. 10(5) Halley-size comets, or a distribution with an even larger number. If a giant comet was in a typical short period comet orbit, such a breakup could result in a relatively brief comet shower (duration approx. less than 10(6)yr) with some associated terrestrial impacts. However, the most significant climatic effects may not in general be due to the impacts themselves but to the greatly enhanced zodiacal dust cloud in the inner Solar System. (Although this is probably not the case for the unique K-T impact). Researchers used a least Chi square program with error analysis to confirm that the 2 to 5 micrometer excess spectrum of Giclas 29 to 38 can be adequately fitted with either a disk of small inefficient (or efficient) grains or a single temperature black body. Further monitoring of this star may allow discrimination between these two models.
Whitmire, D. P.↗
On collisional disruption - Experimental results and scaling laws
Both homogeneous and inhomogeneous targets have been addressed by the present experimental consideration of the impact strengths, fragment sizes, and fragment velocities generated by cement mortar targets whose crushing strengths vary by an order of magnitude, upon impact of projectiles in the velocity range of 50-5700 m/sec. When combined with additional published data, dynamic impact strength is found to correlate with quasi-static material strengths for materials ranging in character from basalt to ice; two materials not following this trend, however, are weak mortar and clay targets. Values consistent with experimental results are obtainable with a simple scaling algorithm based on impact energy, material properties, and collisional strain rate.
Davis, Donald R.↗
A current disruption mechanism in the neutral sheet - A possible trigger for substorm expansions
A linear analysis is performed to investigate the kinetic cross-field streaming instability in the earth's magnetotail neutral sheet region. Numerical solution of the dispersion equation shows that the instability can occur under conditions expected for the neutral sheet just prior to the onset of substorm expansion. The excited waves are obliquely propagating whistlers with a mixed polarization in the lower hybrid frequency range. The ensuing turbulence of this instability can lead to a local reduction of the cross-tail current causing it to continue through the ionosphere to form a substorm current wedge. A substorm expansion onset scenario is proposed based on this instability in which the relative drift between ions and electrons is primarily due to unmagnetized ions undergoing current sheet acceleration in the presence of a cross-tail electric field. The required electric field strength is within the range of electric field values detected in the neutral sheet region during substorm intervals. The skew in local time of substorm onset location and the three conditions under which substorm onset is observed can be understood on the basis of the proposed scenario.
Lui, A. T. Y.↗
Hydrodynamic simulations of stellar wind disruption by a compact X-ray source
This paper presents two-dimensional numerical simulations of the gas flow in the orbital plane of a massive X-ray binary system, in which the mass accretion is fueled by a radiation-driven wind from an early-type companion star. These simulations are used to examine the role of the compact object (either a neutron star or a black hole) in disturbing the radiatively accelerating wind of the OB companion, with an emphasis on understanding the origin of the observed soft X-ray photoelectric absorption seen at late orbital phases in these systems. On the basis of these simulations, it is suggested that the phase-dependent photoelectric absorption seen in several of these systems can be explained by dense filaments of compressend gas formed in the nonsteady accreation bow shock and wake of the compact object.
Blondin, John M.↗
NGC 4438: Ram pressure sweeping of a tidally disrupted galaxy
NGC 4438 is the highly HI deficient peculiar spiral in the center of the Virgo cluster. Observations are given of the neutral hydrogen emission obtained with the Very Large Array (VLA) in the D-array configuration. These observations map out the total HI as determined from single dish measurements, and show the hydrogen to be confined to a region about one third the size of the optical disk and displaced to the side of the galaxy opposite M87. The hydrogen content of the galaxy is over an order of magnitude less than that expected for a galaxy of its type. The data suggest that the HI deficiency is a result of ram pressure stripping of the gas in the outer regions of the galaxy by the hot intracluster medium after being tidally perturbed.
Hibbard, J. E.↗
Tidal disruption of solid bodies
The problem of stress, strain, and breakup in solid satellites and stray bodies subject to tidal perturbations is presently addressed in view of three novel considerations. After presenting a new analytic solution for the stress tensor in a homogeneous and compressible elastic sphere, where the inclusion of compressibility alters stresses by several percent, realistic failure criteria are noted to demonstrate the general failure of such ductile bodies as iron meteoroids by plastic shear, while brittle ice bodies fail by either tensile or shear fracture. A reexamination of crack propagation after initial failure allows the diverse breakup criteria to be reconciled.
Dobrovolskis, Anthony R.↗