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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
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NASA NTRS1972

An interdisciplinary analysis of ERTS data for Colorado mountain environments using ADP techniques. An early analysis of ERTS-1 data

There are no author-identified significant results in this report. The principal problem encountered has been the lack of good quality, small scale baseline photography for the test areas. Analysis of the ERTS-1 data for the San Juan Site will emphasize development of a preliminary spectral classification defining grass cover categories, and then selection of subframes for intensive investigation of the forestry, geologic, and hydrologic properties of the area. Primary work has been devoted to the selection and digitization of areas for topographic modeling, and compilation of ground based data maps necessary for computer analysis. Study effort has emphasized: geomorphic features; macro-vegetation; micro-vegetation; snow-hydrology; insect/disease damage; and blow-down. Analysis of a frame of the Lake Texoma area indicates a great deal of potential in the analysis and interpretation of ERTS imagery. Preliminary results of investigations of geologic, forest, range, cropland, and water resources of the area are summarized.

Hoffer, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Field Data Collection: an Essential Element in Remote Sensing Applications

Field data collected in support of remote sensing projects are generally used for the following purposes: (1) calibration of remote sensing systems, (2) evaluation of experimental applications of remote sensing imagery on small test sites, and (3) designing and evaluating operational regional resource studies and inventories which are conducted using the remote sensing imagery obtained. Field data may be used to help develop a technique for a particular application, or to aid in the application of that technique to a resource evaluation or inventory problem for a large area. Scientists at the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory have utilized field data for both purposes. How meaningful field data has been collected in each case is discussed.

Pettinger, L. R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Agricultural and forest resource surveys from space

An overview is presented on the use of spaceborne remote sensors as aid to agriculture and forestry for soil mapping, crop yield predictions, acreage determinations, damage assessment, and numerous other benefits. Some results obtained by ERTS 1 are discussed in terms of the significance of information derived and the potential use of these data for better management of our natural resources.

Hoffer, R. M.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Earth resources requirements Skylab missions SL-1/SL-2, SL-3, and SL-4. Appendix B: Mission requirements

Earth resources requirements to be investigated by Skylab missions 1 through 4 are presented tabularly. Areas to be investigated include: (1) agriculture, range, and forestry; (2) geology; (3) continental water resources; (4) ocean investigations; (5) atmospheric investigations; (6) coastal zones, shoals, and bays; (7) remote sensing techniques; and (8) cartography.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1970

Potentially efficient forest and range applications of remote sensing using earth orbital space craft, circa 1980

Sixteen remote sensing applications or groups of related applications judged to be most important of any in the forestry and range disciplines were evaluated. In one application, major land classification, large amounts of useful data are anticipated to be contributed by space sensors in 1980. In four applications moderate amounts are anticipated to be so contributed. These are timber inventory, range inventory, fire weather forecasting, and monitoring snowfields. In the following seven applications small but significant amounts of data are anticipated to be contributed by space sensors: (1) detailed land classification; (2) inventory of wildlife habitat; (3) recreation resource inventory; (4) detecting stresses on the vegetation (5) monitoring air pollution caused by wildfires and prescribed burning; (6) monitoring water cycle, (7) pollution and erosion; and (8) evaluating damage to forests and ranges.

Wilson, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Image processing techniques and applications to the Earth Resources Technology Satellite program

The Earth Resources Technology Satellite system is studied, with emphasis on sensors, data processing requirements, and image data compression using the Fast Fourier and Hadamard transforms. The ERTS-A system and the fundamentals of remote sensing are discussed. Three user applications (forestry, crops, and rangelands) are selected and their spectral signatures are described. It is shown that additional sensors are needed for rangeland management. An on-board information processing system is recommended to reduce the amount of data transmitted.

Polge, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Thailand national programme of the Earth Resources Technology Satellite

The author has identified the following significant results. ERTS-1 data has been used to delineate floating rice regions with a clear distinction between irrigated and nonirrigated areas and recognition of orchard and horitcultural crops. Alluvial fans marking the ancient river outlets in the northwestern portion of the Central Plain of Thailand and the shape and size of the flood plains in the central region have been identified and outlined. A new forestry map was constructed using band 5 and band 7 imagery combined with ground observations. A geologic map of Thailand has been constructed from ERTS imagery.

Cheosakul, P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory

The author has identified the following significant results. Significant results of the ARNICA program from August 1972 - January 1973 have been: (1) establishment of image to object correspondence codes for all types of soil use and forestry in northern Spain; (2) establishment of a transfer procedure between qualitative (remote identification and remote interpretation) and quantitative (numerization, storage, automatic statistical cartography) use of images; (3) organization of microdensitometric data processing and automatic cartography software; and (4) development of a system for measuring reflectance simultaneous with imagery.

Rey, P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Forest and range mapping in the Houston area with ERTS-1

ERTS-1 data acquired over the Houston area has been analyzed for applications to forest and range mapping. In the field of forestry the Sam Houston National Forest (Texas) was chosen as a test site, (Scene ID 1037-16244). Conventional imagery interpretation as well as computer processing methods were used to make classification maps of timber species, condition and land-use. The results were compared with timber stand maps which were obtained from aircraft imagery and checked in the field. The preliminary investigations show that conventional interpretation techniques indicated an accuracy in classification of 63 percent. The computer-aided interpretations made by a clustering technique gave 70 percent accuracy. Computer-aided and conventional multispectral analysis techniques were applied to range vegetation type mapping in the gulf coast marsh. Two species of salt marsh grasses were mapped.

Heath, G. R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Combining human and computer interpretation capabilities to analyze ERTS imagery

The human photointerpreter and the computer have complementary capabilities that are exploited in a computer-based data analysis system developed at the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory, University of California. This system is designed to optimize the process of extracting resource information from ERTS images. The human has the ability to quickly delineate gross differences in land classes, such as wildland, urban, and agriculture on appropriate ERTS images, and to further break these gross classes into meaningful subclasses. The computer, however, can more efficiently analyze point-by-point spectral information and localized textural information which can result in a much more detailed agricultural or wildland classification based on species composition and/or plant association. These human and computer capabilities have been integrated through the use of an inexpensive small scale computer dedicated to the interactive preprocessing of the human inputs and the display of raw ERTS images and computer classified images. The small computer is linked to a large scale computer system wherein the bulk of the statistical work and the automatic point-by-point classification is done.

Nichols, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Mission requirements for a manned earth observatory. Volume 1, task 1: Experiment selection, definition, and documentation

Information related to proposed earth observation experiments for shuttle sortie missions (SSM) in the 1980's is presented. The step-wise progression of study activities and the development of the rationale that led to the identification, selection, and description of earth observation experiments for SSM are listed. The selected experiments are described, defined, and documented by individual disciplines. These disciplines include: oceanography; meteorology; agriculture, forestry, and rangeland; geology; hydrology; and environmental impact.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1973

International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, 8th, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., October 2-6, 1972, Proceedings. Volumes 1 & 2.

Recent developments in remote sensing techniques and applications are described in papers dealing with (1) ground-based, airborne, and space-borne sensor systems, (2) machine assisted data analysis and interpretation, and (3) specific uses of sensing techniques by various government units. Topics covered include monitoring of environmental quality factors, delineation of geological formations and mineral deposits, watershed management, observation of vegetative parameters in forestry and agriculture, design and performance details of various sensor systems and equipment, interpretation of multispectral imagery, and applications of ERTS-1 satellite imagery in resource study programs. Individual items are announced in this issue.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1973

ERTS-1 - Teaching us a new way to see.

The ERTS-1 payload is discussed, giving attention to three television cameras, which view the same area in three different spectral bands. The payload includes also a multispectral scanner subsystem and a data collection system which collects information from some 150 remote, unattended, instrumented ground platforms. Many government agencies use ERTS-1 data as integral parts of their ongoing programs. Through its EROS program, the Interior Department represents the largest single recipient and user agency of data obtained from NASA aircraft and spacecraft designed to gather repetitive information related to a wide variety of earth-science and natural-resources disciplines. Questions of environmental impact are considered together with applications in agriculture, forestry, marine resources, geography, and the survey of water resources.

Mercanti, E. P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Relevance of ERTS-1 to the State of Ohio

The author has identified the following significant results. During the first year of project effort the ability of ERTS-1 imagery to be used for mapping and inventorying strip-mined areas in south eastern Ohio, the potential of using ERTS-1 imagery in water quality and coastal zone management in the Lake Erie region, and the extent that ERTS-1 imagery could contribute to localized (metropolitan/urban), multicounty, and overall state land use needs were experimentally demonstrated and reported as significant project results. Significant research accomplishments were achieved in the technological development of manual and computerized methods to extract multi-feature information as well as singular feature information from ERTS-1 data as is exemplified by the forestry transparency overlay. Fabrication of an image transfer device to superimpose ERTS-1 data onto existing maps and other data sources was also a significant analytical accomplishment.

Sweet, D. C.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Identification of phenological stages and vegetative types for land use classification

The author has identified the following significant results. Recent signature identification and refinement techniques indicate that with automated classification of MSS CCT data commercial stands of cottonwood and white spruce can be identified with 80% accuracy in the Bonanza Creek experimental forest. Since that forest is representative of the vast interior Alaska forests, this finding has substantial economic importance to public and private forestry interests in Alaska.

Mckendrick, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Remote sensing in agriculture

Some examples are presented of the use of remote sensing in cultivated crops, forestry, and range management. Areas of concern include: the determination of crop areas and types, prediction of yield, and detection of disease; the determination of forest areas and types, timber volume estimation, detection of insect and disease attack, and forest fires; and the determination of range conditions and inventory, and livestock inventory. Articles in the literature are summarized and specific examples of work being performed at the Marshall Space Flight Center are given. Primarily, aerial photographs and photo-like ERTS images are considered.

Downs, S. W., Jr.↗