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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1986

Soviet Space Stations as Analogs, Second Edition

The available literature that discusses the various aspects of the Soviet Salyut 6 and Salyut 7 space staions are examined as related to human productivity. The methodology for this analog was a search of unclassified literature. Additional information was obtained in interviews with the cosmonauts and some Soviet space personnel. Topics include: general layout and design of the spacecraft system; cosmonauts role in maintenance and repair; general layout and design of the Mir complex; effects of the environment on personnel; information and computer systems; organization systems; personality systems; and physical conditin of the cosmonaut.

Bluth, B. J.↗
NASA NTRS1987

A procedural method for the efficient implementation of full-custom VLSI designs

An imbedded language system for the layout of very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits is examined. It is shown that through the judicious use of this system, a large variety of circuits can be designed with circuit density and performance comparable to traditional full-custom design methods, but with design costs more comparable to semi-custom design methods. The high performance of this methodology is attributable to the flexibility of procedural descriptions of VLSI layouts and to a number of automatic and semi-automatic tools within the system.

Belk, P.↗
NASA NTRS1987

A loading system for creep testing under constant compressive stress

A critical analysis is made of layouts assuring constant stress under creep, pointing out the difficulties of using these layouts for compressive testing. A new mechanical system to maintain stress during creep testing is proposed. Constant stress is achieved by a definite motion of the load. The proposed system can be used in tensile or compressive testing. Practical measurements reveal that the stress constancy error is not greater than plus or minus 1.5 percent up to relative deformation of 30 percent.

Dobes, F.↗
NASA NTRS1988

A mathematical model for spatial orientation from pictorial perspective displays

A previously formulated mathematical model, describing how observers reconstruct three-dimensional spatial layouts from perspective projections, has been extended to more complex situations. The model assumes that the observer has a priori knowledge of certain characteristics of the viewed objects, like size, shape, or parallelism or perpendicularity of lines or planes. These assumptions are used in a three-dimensional process to reconstruct a spatial layout that `best matches' the perceived lines of sight to the object coordinates. Sources of errors and biases in this process are specified and their effects on model outputs are discussed. An experiment, in which eight subjects judged the relative direction of one object with respect to another, has been conducted to validate the model. The model has been found to generally reproduce the systematic trends of the experimental results and also has provided an analytical explanation for them. The mathematical model is expected to be a useful tool in analyzing and developing pictorial perspective flight displays.

Grunwald, Arthur J.↗
NASA NTRS1989

The role of optimization in the next generation of computer-based design tools

There is a close relationship between design optimization and the emerging new generation of computer-based tools for engineering design. With some notable exceptions, the development of these new tools has not taken full advantage of recent advances in numerical design optimization theory and practice. Recent work in the field of design process architecture has included an assessment of the impact of next-generation computer-based design tools on the design process. These results are summarized, and insights into the role of optimization in a design process based on these next-generation tools are presented. An example problem has been worked out to illustrate the application of this technique. The example problem - layout of an aircraft main landing gear - is one that is simple enough to be solved by many other techniques. Although the mathematical relationships describing the objective function and constraints for the landing gear layout problem can be written explicitly and are quite straightforward, an approximation technique has been used in the solution of this problem that can just as easily be applied to integrate supportability or producibility assessments using theory of measurement techniques into the design decision-making process.

Rogan, J. Edward↗
NASA NTRS1987

Three beam-combining schemes in a color projection display

Several beam-combining schemes for on-axis and off-axis optical system layout are presented. The on-axis approaches include two crossed plates with dichroic coatings placed at 90 deg, with respect to each other, and a pentaprism arrangement. The off-axis layout of the cathode ray tubes requires that the images be combined at the display screen. These image-combining approaches are compared for the standard television rates of 525 lines and the high-resolution television at 1200/2000 lines under development in Japan. It is concluded that, for the high-performance, high-color fidelity, and high-resolution projection systems, which are expected to fit into a small volume of space such as a Space Station display or a cockpit panoramic display, a folded configuration with either crossed plates or pentaprism plates will result in an optimum color display.

Scholl, Marija S.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Liquid rocket booster study. Volume 2, book 4, appendices 6-8: Reports of Rocketdyne, Pratt and Whitney, and TRW

For the pressure fed engines, detailed trade studies were conducted defining engine features such as thrust vector control methods, thrust chamber construction, etc. This was followed by engine design layouts and booster propulsion configuration layouts. For the pump fed engines parametric performance and weight data was generated for both O2/H2 and O2/RP-1 engines. Subsequent studies resulted in the selection of both LOX/RP-1 and O2/H2 propellants for the pump fed engines. More detailed analysis of the selected LOX/RP-1 and O2/H2 engines was conducted during the final phase of the study.

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NASA NTRS1990

Preliminary design of a supersonic Short Takeoff and Vertical Landing (STOVL) fighter aircraft

The preliminary design study of a supersonic Short Takeoff and Vertical Landing (STOVL) fighter is presented. A brief historical survey of powered lift vehicles was presented, followed by a technology assessment of the latest supersonic STOVL engine cycles under consideration by industry and government in the U.S. and UK. A survey of operational fighter/attack aircraft and the modern battlefield scenario were completed to develop, respectively, the performance requirements and mission profiles for the study. Three configurations were initially investigated with the following engine cycles: a hybrid fan vectored thrust cycle, a lift+lift/cruise cycle, and a mixed flow vectored thrust cycle. The lift+lift/cruise aircraft configuration was selected for detailed design work which consisted of: (1) a material selection and structural layout, including engine removal considerations, (2) an aircraft systems layout, (3) a weapons integration model showing the internal weapons bay mechanism, (4) inlet and nozzle integration, (5) an aircraft suckdown prediction, (6) an aircraft stability and control analysis, including a takeoff, hover, and transition control analysis, (7) a performance and mission capability study, and (8) a life cycle cost analysis. A supersonic fighter aircraft with STOVL capability with the lift+lift/cruise engine cycle seems a viable option for the next generation fighter.

Cox, Brian↗
NASA NTRS1990

Global Sentry: NASA/USRA high altitude reconnaissance aircraft design, volume 2

The Global Sentry is a high altitude reconnaissance aircraft design for the NASA/USRA design project. The Global Sentry uses proven technologies, light-weight composites, and meets the R.F.P. requirements. The mission requirements for the Global Sentry are described. The configuration option is discussed and a description of the final design is given. Preliminary sizing analyses and the mass properties of the design are presented. The aerodynamic features of the Global Sentry are described along with the stability and control characteristics designed into the flight control system. The performance characteristics are discussed as is the propulsion installation and system layout. The Global Sentry structural design is examined, including a wing structural analysis. The cockpit, controls and display layouts are covered. Manufacturing is covered and the life cost estimation. Reliability is discussed. Conclusions about the current Global Sentry design are presented, along with suggested areas for future engineering work.

Alexandru, Mona-Lisa↗
NASA NTRS1990

Integrated support structure for GASCAN 2

The focus of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) Advanced Space Design Program was the preliminary design of the Integrated Support Structure for GASCAN II, a Get Away Special canister donated by the MITRE Corporation. Two teams of three students each worked on the support structure. There was a structural design team and a thermal design team. The structure will carry three experiments also undergoing preliminary design this year, the mu-gravity Ignition Experiment, the Rotational Flow in Low Gravity Experiment, and the Ionospheric Properties and Propagation Experiment. The structural design team was responsible for the layout of the GASCAN and the preliminary design of the structure itself. They produced the physical interface specifications defining the baseline weights and volumes for the equipment and produced layout drawings of the system. The team produced static and modal finite element analysis of the structure using ANSYS. The thermal design team was responsible for the power and timing requirements of the payload and for the identification and preliminary analysis of potential thermal problems. The team produced the power, timing, and energy interface specifications and assisted in the development of the specification of the battery pack. The thermal parameters of each experiment were cataloged and the experiments were subjected to worst case heat transfer scenarios.

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NASA NTRS1991

Pellet bed reactor for nuclear propelled vehicles: Part 1: Reactor technology

The pellet bed reactor (PBR) for nuclear propelled vehicles is briefly discussed. Much of the information is given in viewgraph form. Viewgraphs include information on the layout for a Mars mission using a PBR nuclear thermal rocket, the rocket reactor layout, the fuel pellet design, materials compatibility, fuel microspheres, microsphere coating, melting points in quasibinary systems, stress analysis of microspheres, safety features, and advantages of the PBR concept.

El-Genk, Mohamed S.↗
NASA NTRS1989

NASA visual thesaurus maintenance documentation

The following document is presented in six sections: (1) introduction; (2) a diagram showing how the various routines are grouped together into functional modules; (3) a printout of all the layouts in the system along with their associated layout procedures; (4) listings of all the global procedures in the system; (5) a cross-reference of all identifiers used in the system; and (6) descriptions of the external procedures used in the system. The document was prepared at the Project ICON Image Scaling Laboratory.

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NASA NTRS1992

The design, fabrication, and test of a new VLSI hybrid analog-digital neural processing element

A hybrid analog-digital neural processing element with the time-dependent behavior of biological neurons has been developed. The hybrid processing element is designed for VLSI implementation and offers the best attributes of both analog and digital computation. Custom VLSI layout reduces the layout area of the processing element, which in turn increases the expected network density. The hybrid processing element operates at the nanosecond time scale, which enables it to produce real-time solutions to complex spatiotemporal problems found in high-speed signal processing applications. VLSI prototype chips have been designed, fabricated, and tested with encouraging results. Systems utilizing the time-dependent behavior of the hybrid processing element have been simulated and are currently in the fabrication process. Future applications are also discussed.

Deyong, Mark R.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Electro-optic architecture for servicing sensors and actuators in advanced aircraft propulsion systems

A detailed design of a fiber optic propulsion control system, integrating favored sensors and electro-optics architecture is presented. Layouts, schematics, and sensor lists describe an advanced fighter engine system model. Components and attributes of candidate fiber optic sensors are identified, and evaluation criteria are used in a trade study resulting in favored sensors for each measurand. System architectural ground rules were applied to accomplish an electro-optics architecture for the favored sensors. A key result was a considerable reduction in signal conductors. Drawings, schematics, specifications, and printed circuit board layouts describe the detailed system design, including application of a planar optical waveguide interface.

Poppel, G. L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Small ICBM Laser Firing Unit (LFU)

The topics are presented in viewgraph form and include the following: history/schedule, LFU development hardware; specifications/features; components; optical layout-arm; optical layout-safe; built in test; and producibility issues.

Aloise, Jim↗
NASA NTRS1991

Telerobotic rovers for extraterrestrial construction

The topics are presented in viewgraph form and include the following: fundamental concepts; advantages of modularity; modular robot; robot design; motor control system; simple manipulator; 4 degree of freedom manipulator; intermodule communication; network layout; positioning system--IR-TROP; IR TROP system design; testbed layout; modularized control; and centralized control. The objectives are the following: to design small modular robots; to test robotic cooperation and teleoperation; to develop modular control software; to develop intermodule communication network; to develop high accuracy positioning system; and to explore distributed algorithms for coordination.

Grasso, Chris↗
NASA NTRS1994

Capacitive Sensors And Targets Would Measure Alignments

Multiple capacitive sensors and active targets used to measure distance between, and relative orientation of, two objects. Sensed target signals processed and used by control systems to align objects to be joined. Shapes, sizes, and layouts of sensors and targets optimized for specific application. Particular layout of targets and sensors enables determination of relative position and orientation of two objects in all six degrees of freedom.

Jenstrom, Del T.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Automating analog design: Taming the shrew

The pace of progress in the design of integrated circuits continues to amaze observers inside and outside of the industry. Three decades ago, a 50 transistor chip was a technological wonder. Fifteen year later, a 5000 transistor device would 'wow' the crowds. Today, 50,000 transistor chips will earn a 'not too bad' assessment, but it takes 500,000 to really leave an impression. In 1975 a typical ASIC device had 1000 transistors, took one year to first samples (and two years to production) and sold for about 5 cents per transistor. Today's 50,000 transistor gate array takes about 4 months from spec to silicon, works the first time, and sells for about 0.02 cents per transistor. Fifteen years ago, the single most laborious and error prone step in IC design was the physical layout. Today, most IC's never see the hand of a layout designer: and automatic place and route tool converts the engineer's computer captured schematic to a complete physical design using a gate array or a library of standard cells also created by software rather than by designers. CAD has also been a generous benefactor to the digital design process. The architect of today's digital systems creates the design using an RTL or other high level simulator. Then the designer pushes a button to invoke the logic synthesizer-optimizer tool. A fault analyzer checks the result for testability and suggests where scan based cells will improve test coverage. One obstinate holdout amidst this parade of progress is the automation of analog design and its reduction to semi-custom techniques. This paper investigates the application of CAD techniques to analog design.

Barlow, A.↗