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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,639 records · Page 91
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2006

Performance of AEA 80 Ah Battery Under GEO Profile

To date completed three Solar Dynamic Observatory SDO real-time eclipse seasons. Sony 18650HC has a low rate of capacity fade under GEO cycling regime. Real time test results correlate with accelerated GEO lifetest data and AEA capacity fade prediction tool. This data, together with other AEA test data, justify the SDO Project decision to baseline Lithium-Ion chemistry for the spacecraft battery.

Russel, N.↗
DOE OSTI2023

AUP first Pre-Series Cold Mass Installation into the Cryostat

For the HiLumi LHC Upgrade (HL-LHC), new high field and large-aperture quadrupole magnets for the low-beta inner triplets (Q1, Q2, Q3) are being built. These new quadrupole magnets are based on Nb3Sn superconducting technology. As part of the US-HiLumi Accelerator Upgrade Project (AUP), ten Cryostat Assemblies (LQXFA) for Q1 and Q3 replacement will be built, tested, and delivered to CERN. The first LQXFA was assembled and tested at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) during fall 2022 and spring/summer 2023, respectively. This paper summarizes the assembly process and experience of the first LQXFA Cryostat Assembly at FNAL.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

FASPAX ASIC revision 1.b first articles testing and support

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) and Field Viewers Ltd. Inc. (FV) will work together for a period of two weeks to bring up the FASPAX_V1.0b. During this period, Fermilab will help FV come up to speed with the ASIC functionality testing and train in the usage of the FASPAX test setup at Fermilab that uses the NIPXIe architecture with FleXRIO modules. This setup will be initially used for testing of chips to ensure the basic functionality and design parameters. The NIPXIe setup was developed by the Fermilab team, but it is has not yet been verified to be capable of fully testing the FASPAX_V1.0 chip. Fermilab will offer the developed software and hardware to FV for the on-site use at Fermilab. No guarantee is given by Fermilab for the setup to be able to fully cover the scope of the necessary tests. FV will be responsible for using and modifying of the setup to achieve the DOE-BES Phase-I targets.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Separate Effects Miniature Fuel Irradiation Testing to Support Fuel Safety

The recent interest in advanced fuel forms that offer increased thermal conductivity and uranium density, as well as modifications (e.g., use of dopants or additives) to traditional UO2 fuel, necessitates a vehicle for performing high-throughput irradiation testing of these fuels before they can be safely deployed. This interest, combined with the recent decommissioning of the Halden Reactor, places a strong burden on the remaining test reactors to provide the scientific data needed to advance these fuels toward commercialization. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is actively working to alleviate some of this burden by commissioning a new “MiniFuel” test facility that will provide a vehicle for performing accelerated separate-effects irradiation testing of sub-sized nuclear fuel specimens. The small size of the fuel allows for a flexible irradiation vehicle capable of exploring a wide range of fuel performance variables within a reasonable time and cost. This paper describes the experiment facility, and the initial irradiation experiments being performed including uranium nitride (UN) kernels, coated tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) UN particles, doped and un-doped (reference) UO2 disks, U3Si2 disks, and fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) pellets with UN kernels and a SiC matrix. A focus is placed on the performance of miniature FCM pellets, which are being considered as the ultimate accident tolerant fuel for light water reactors. The experiments described in this paper will provide basic scientific data (e.g., swelling, fission gas release) regarding irradiation performance under well-characterized conditions.

Petrie, Christian↗
NASA NTRS2018

Space-and Ground-Based Non-Accelerated Long Lifetime Data for Ruggedized Commercial Non-Planar Ring Oscillator (NPRO) Lasers

Lifetime data is presented for ruggedized commercial NPRO lasers used in the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) Instrument on NASA’s Aura Earth-orbiting spacecraft, including 20 years of data from two life test units on the ground, 12 years of on-orbit data from TES Laser A, and 2 years of on-orbit data from TES Laser B. The TES lasers are diode-pumped Non-Planar Ring Oscillator (NPRO) lasers using Nd:YAG crystals. Since accelerated life testing was not possible on the complete laser, early prototype lasers that had gone through thermal cycling and vibration testing were placed on non-accelerated life tests with the hope of gathering at least a couple of years of data before launch. Long-term lifetime data for hybrid laser systems in space applications is not abundant, and out of necessity, accelerated reliability testing is usually done over a relatively short time with a large number of devices. The data presented in this paper is unique as it tracks the optical power output over time of a total of four lasers on the order of decades rather than months or years. Two of the lasers have each been on life test for over 20 years on the ground and are still operating, and the other two lasers have been on-orbit for 14 years. TES Laser A was still operating when the TES Instrument was decommissioned in January 2018. Therefore, the data presented covers over 450,000 non-accelerated device-hours, with 23% of those hours being in space.

Kane, T.J.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Thermal Test of 29 mm and 12 mm Targets

NorthStar medical isotopes are planning to produce important medical radioisotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) through photonuclear reaction on molybdenum-100 (Mo-100). In this approach, multiple thin disks of enriched molybdenum metal will be bombarded with a 40-MeV electron beam. Because enriched Mo-100 is expensive, we intend to use as much beam power as possible to achieve maximum production yield and minimize the size of the target. This requirement leads to very high beam power density (heat deposition in the target),which sets challenging requirements for cooling. Together with scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory, a team at Argonne National Laboratory has developed and demonstrated a cooling approach using pressurized helium, which allows for efficient heat removal. One of the challenges in this approach is the management of the heat load on the target window. The target window separates the high-pressure helium atmosphere inside the target from the vacuum in the beamline so it is constantly under stress from differential pressure. Also, the window is cooled only by the helium gas flow from one side, making the window design challenging. To validate calculation models, the team performed a series of tests at Argonne’s Low Energy Accelerator Facility (LEAF). This report describes additional tests for two target designs: a full-scale target 29 millimeters in diameter and a scaled-down version, 12 millimeters in diameter. We compared the results of the window temperature measurements and cooling system parameters obtained in the experiments with those predicted by analytical calculations and Computation Flow Dynamic (CFD) simulations. Results of the experiments and calculations are presented below.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
NASA NTRS1975

The effect of sunshine testing on terrestrial solar cell system components

Samples of FEP encapsulated silicon solar cells and various potential encapsulation or cover materials were subjected to accelerated and real time testing. By measuring changes in solar cell output or optical transmission as a function of exposure the durability of the samples was evaluated. Results are presented.

Forestieri, A. F.↗
NASA NTRS2008

Scintillation Breakdowns in Chip Tantalum Capacitors

Scintillations in solid tantalum capacitors are momentarily local breakdowns terminated by a self-healing or conversion to a high-resistive state of the manganese oxide cathode. This conversion effectively caps the defective area of the tantalum pentoxide dielectric and prevents short-circuit failures. Typically, this type of breakdown has no immediate catastrophic consequences and is often considered as nuisance rather than a failure. Scintillation breakdowns likely do not affect failures of parts under surge current conditions, and so-called "proofing" of tantalum chip capacitors, which is a controllable exposure of the part after soldering to voltages slightly higher than the operating voltage to verify that possible scintillations are self-healed, has been shown to improve the quality of the parts. However, no in-depth studies of the effect of scintillations on reliability of tantalum capacitors have been performed so far. KEMET is using scintillation breakdown testing as a tool for assessing process improvements and to compare quality of different manufacturing lots. Nevertheless, the relationship between failures and scintillation breakdowns is not clear, and this test is not considered as suitable for lot acceptance testing. In this work, scintillation breakdowns in different military-graded and commercial tantalum capacitors were characterized and related to the rated voltages and to life test failures. A model for assessment of times to failure, based on distributions of breakdown voltages, and accelerating factors of life testing are discussed.

Teverovsky, Alexander↗
NASA NTRS1997

Dynamics of Superfluid Helium in Low-Gravity

This report summarizes the work performed under a contract entitled 'Dynamics of Superfluid Helium in Low Gravity'. This project performed verification tests, over a wide range of accelerations of two Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes of which one incorporates the two-fluid model of superfluid helium (SFHe). Helium was first liquefied in 1908 and not until the 1930s were the properties of helium below 2.2 K observed sufficiently to realize that it did not obey the ordinary physical laws of physics as applied to ordinary liquids. The term superfluidity became associated with these unique observations. The low temperature of SFHe and it's temperature unifonrmity have made it a significant cryogenic coolant for use in space applications in astronomical observations with infrared sensors and in low temperature physics. Superfluid helium has been used in instruments such as the Shuttle Infrared Astronomy Telescope (IRT), the Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS), the Cosmic Background Observatory (COBE), and the Infrared Satellite Observatory (ISO). It is also used in the Space Infrared Telescope (SIRTF), Relativity Mission Satellite formally called Gravity Probe-B (GP-B), and the Test of the Equivalence Principle (STEP) presently under development. For GP-B and STEP, the use of SFHE is used to cool Superconducting Quantum Interference Detectors (SQUIDS) among other parts of the instruments. The Superfluid Helium On-Orbit Transfer (SHOOT) experiment flown in the Shuttle studied the behavior of SFHE. This experiment attempted to get low-gravity slosh data, however, the main emphasis was to study the low-gravity transfer of SFHE from tank to tank. These instruments carried tanks of SFHE of a few hundred liters to 2500 liters. The capability of modeling the behavior of SFHE is important to spacecraft control engineers who must design systems that can overcome disturbances created by the movement of the fluid. In addition instruments such as GP-B and STEP are very sensitive to quasi-steady changes in the mass distribution of the liquid. The CFD codes were used to model the fluid's dynamic motion. Tests in one-g were performed with the main emphasis on being able to compute the actual damping of the fluid. A series of flights on the NASA Lewis reduced gravity DC-9 aircraft were performed with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Low Temperature Flight Facility and a superfluid Test Cell. The data at approximately 0.04g, lg and 2g were used to determine if correct fundamental frequencies can be predicted based on the acceleration field. Tests in zero gravity were performed to evaluate zero gravity motion.

Frank, David J.↗
NASA NTRS2014

Comparison Between THOR Anthropomorphic Test Device and THOR Finite Element Model

Extended time spent in reduced gravity can cause physiologic deconditioning of astronauts, reducing their ability to sustain excessive forces during dynamic phases of spaceflight such as landing. To make certain that the crew is safe during these phases, NASA must take caution when determining what types of landings are acceptable based on the accelerations applied to the astronaut. In order to test acceptable landings, various trials have been run accelerating humans, cadavers, and Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs), or crash test dummies, at different acceleration and velocity rates on a sled testing platform. Using these tests, risks of injury will be created and metrics will be developed for the likelihood of injuries due to the acceleration. A finite element model (FEM) of the Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) ATD has been developed that can simulate these test trials and others (Putnam, 2014), reducing the need for human and ATD testing. Additionally, this will give researchers a more effective way to test the accelerations and orientations encountered during spaceflight landings during design of new space vehicles for crewed missions. However, the FEM has not been proven and must be validated by comparing the forces, accelerations, and other measurements of all parts of the body between the physical tests already completed and computer simulated trials. The purpose of my research was to validate the FEM for the ATD using previously run trials with the physical THOR ATD.

Moore, Erik↗
DOE OSTI2023

Status of the High Field Cable Test Facility at Fermilab

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) are building a new High Field Vertical Magnet Test Facility (HFVMTF) for testing superconducting cables in high magnetic field. The background magnetic field of 15 T in the HFVMTF will be produced by a magnet provided by LBNL. The HFVMTF is jointly funded by the US DOE Offices of Science, High Energy Physics (HEP), and Fusion Energy Sciences (FES), and will serve as a superconducting cable test facility in high magnetic fields and a wide range of temperatures for HEP and FES communities. This facility will also be used to test high-field superconducting magnet models and demonstrators, including hybrid magnets, produced by the US Magnet Development Program (MDP). The paper describes the status of the facility, including construction, cryostat designs, top and lambda plates, and systems for powering, and quench protection and monitoring.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Demonstrate Viability of Accelerated Fuel Qualification Approaches

This presentation summarizes the research under LDRD grogram, Demonstrate Viability of Accelerated Fuel Qualification Approaches. It is demonstrated that the fabrication process of uranium carbide fuel has been developed and neutronic, thermal and hydraulic analysis have been conducted for the Fission Accelerated Steady-state Testing (FAST). This program provides basis of expansion of FAST as an efficient platform to broad nuclear fuels.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
NASA NTRS2014

Discrete Element Method Simulation of a Boulder Extraction From an Asteroid

The force required to pull 7t and 40t polyhedral boulders from the surface of an asteroid is simulated using the discrete element method considering the effects of microgravity, regolith cohesion and boulder acceleration. The connection between particle surface energy and regolith cohesion is estimated by simulating a cohesion sample tearing test. An optimal constant acceleration is found where the peak net force from inertia and cohesion is a minimum. Peak pulling forces can be further reduced by using linear and quadratic acceleration functions with up to a 40% reduction in force for quadratic acceleration.

Kulchitsky, Anton K.↗