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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,639 records · Page 91
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Response of Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation Cables Exposed to Fire Conditions.

This report presents the results of instrumentation cable tests sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research and performed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The goal of the tests was to assess thermal and electrical response behavior under fire-exposure conditions for instrumentation cables and circuits. The test objective was to assess how severe radiant heating conditions surrounding an instrumentation cable affect current or voltage signals in an instrumentation circuit. A total of thirty-nine small-scale tests were conducted. Ten different instrumentation cables were tested, ranging from one conductor to eight-twisted pairs. Because the focus of the tests was thermoset (TS) cables, only two of the ten cables had thermoplastic (TP) insulation and jacket material and the remaining eight cables were one of three different TS insulation and jacket material. Two instrumentation cables from previous cable fire testing were included, one TS and one TP. Three test circuits were used to simulate instrumentation circuits present in nuclear power plants: a 4–20 mA current loop, a 10–50 mA current loop and a 1–5 VDC voltage loop. A regression analysis was conducted to determine key variables affecting signal leakage time.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Effect of residual chips on the material removal process of the bulk metallic glass studied by in situ scratch testing inside the scanning electron microscope

Research on material removal mechanism is meaningful for precision and ultra-precision manufacturing. In this paper, a novel scratch device was proposed by integrating the parasitic motion principle linear actuator. The device has a compact structure and it can be installed on the stage of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to carry out in situ scratch testing. Effect of residual chips on the material removal process of the bulk metallic glass (BMG) was studied by in situ scratch testing inside the SEM. The whole removal process of the BMG during the scratch was captured in real time. Formation and growth of lamellar chips on the rake face of the Cube-Corner indenter were observed dynamically. Experimental results indicate that when lots of chips are accumulated on the rake face of the indenter and obstruct forward flow of materials, materials will flow laterally and downward to find new location and direction for formation of new chips. Due to similar material removal processes, in situ scratch testing is potential to be a powerful research tool for studying material removal mechanism of single point diamond turning, single grit grinding, mechanical polishing and grating fabrication.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Design and Study of Inductively Coupled Plasma Chamber Components Using the SupRISE Test Device at DIII-D

The DIII-D National Fusion Facility aims to increase the auxiliary heating power for the tokamak by upgrading the Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) system. In collaboration with North Carolina State University, the conventional ‘arc and filament’ NBI ion sources will be converted to inductively coupled plasma (ICP) sources which utilize radio frequency (RF) coupling to maximize reliability for high power operation. In support of this initiative, a full scale test device (SupRISE, Superior Radiofrequency Ion Source Experiment) is currently under construction at the DIII-D Facility. In preparation for the construction of a full scale prototype that can be installed on the DIII-D NBI system, experiments on SupRISE will be conducted to determine the optimal RF frequency for high power coupling, Faraday shield slit configuration, and ICP chamber length. SupRISE is comprised of an approximately 30 x 70 cm quartz dielectric vessel with an internal Faraday shield enclosed in a secondary vacuum chamber to ensure structural stability of the dielectric. Actively cooled front and back plates are designed to reduce the thermal stresses on the plasma facing components and mate with the existing accelerator used by the NBI system at DIII-D. 50 kW of RF power will be coupled to the plasma through the quartz over a variable frequency range of 4-8 MHz to sustain a plasma density of ∼ 10 18 m −3 for a 10 s ON, 210 s OFF duty cycle. Various modelling efforts have been employed to simulate the thermal and stress profiles over the primary components of the SupRISE device as well as the inductance behavior of the RF antenna. These simulation results and the final design for SupRISE will be presented. An additional reduced-scale predecessor ICP source (called RISE) has been used to develop a predictive match model that will be applied to frequency optimization studies on SupRISE. Furthermore, the outcomes of this research and complementary efforts at North Carolina State University are essential for the incorporation of ICP NBI positive ion sources at the DIII-D facility.

DIII-D↗
DOE OSTI2025

FIDES-II/P2M Simulation Exercise on AN3 and AN10 bump tests: main results

This paper presents simulations of bump tests conducted as part of the P2M (Power to Melt and Maneuverability) project within the OECD/NEA FIDES-II framework (Framework for Irradiation Experiments). To prepare fuel performance codes for analyzing the P2M experiments, an international Simulation Exercise (SE) was initiated under the P2M project. The objective of this exercise was to model the AN3 and AN10 bump tests carried out in the 1980s at the DR3 reactor (3rd RISØ Fission Gas Project), during which instrumented fuel rodlets (equipped with thermocouples and pressure sensors) were subjected to prolonged power transients and power dips. The ongoing simulation exercise involves seven organizations from industry, research, and regulatory bodies, each using different fuel performance codes. This paper provides detailed descriptions of the test cases and simulation results from six fuel performance codes (ALCYONE, BISON, FAST, FEMAXI, FRAPCON, and TRANSURANUS), with a particular focus on fission gas release kinetics.

11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop Experiments of a Microgrid with a Grid-Forming Battery Inverter

Microgrids continue to proliferate, and they are transitioning away from using conventional generating resources to increasingly relying on inverter-based resources (IBRs) as the voltage and frequency leaders. It is crucial to evaluate the capability of IBRs to provide microgrid stability and resilience. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments were conducted to de-risk the field deployment of the San Diego Gas & Electric Company Borrego Springs Microgrid, where a battery inverter was upgraded with grid-forming (GFM) capability to serve as the island leader. This paper presents the HIL experimental results from an HIL test bed that uses a power-hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) interface with a power inductor that was previously developed for PHIL simulations of microgrids where the inverters need to switch modes, i.e., between grid-following and GFM as the microgrid transitions between grid-connected and islanded operation. This paper presents more details on the interface and HIL simulation results of the planned islanding and load steps in islanded operation to show the effectiveness of the inverters in managing the voltage and frequency.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop Experiments of a Microgrid With a Grid-Forming Battery Inverter: Preprint

Microgrids continue to proliferate, and they are transitioning away from using conventional generating resources to increasingly relying on inverter-based resources (IBRs) as the voltage and frequency leaders. It is crucial to evaluate the capability of IBRs to provide microgrid stability and resilience. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments were conducted to de-risk the field deployment of the San Diego Gas & Electric Company Borrego Springs Microgrid, where a battery inverter was upgraded with grid-forming (GFM) capability to serve as the island leader. This paper presents the HIL experimental results from an HIL test bed that uses a power-hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) interface with a power inductor that was previously developed for PHIL simulations of microgrids where the inverters need to switch modes, i.e., between grid-following and GFM as the microgrid transitions between grid-connected and islanded operation. This paper presents more details on the interface and HIL simulation results of the planned islanding and load steps in islanded operation to show the effectiveness of the inverters in managing the voltage and frequency.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2017

Symmetric Achromatic Variability in Active Galaxies: A Powerful New Gravitational Lensing Probe?

We report the discovery of a rare new form of long-term radio variability in the light curves of active galaxies (AG)—symmetric achromatic variability (SAV)—a pair of opposed and strongly skewed peaks in the radio flux density observed over a broad frequency range. We propose that SAV arises through gravitational milli-lensing when relativistically moving features in AG jets move through gravitational lensing caustics created by 10{sup 3}--10{sup 6} M{sub ⊙} subhalo condensates or black holes located within intervening galaxies. The lower end of this mass range has been inaccessible with previous gravitational lensing techniques. This new interpretation of some AG variability can easily be tested and if it passes these tests, will enable a new and powerful probe of cosmological matter distribution on these intermediate-mass scales, as well as provide, for the first time, micro-arcsecond resolution of the nuclei of AG—a factor of 30–100 greater resolution than is possible with ground-based millimeter very-long-baseline interferometry.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Navy Wave Energy Test Site – Research Update

Navy Wave Energy Test Site – Research Update U.S. Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe 30m, 60m, 80m berths in place, grid-connected First device deployed, second Feb 2016, third Sep 2016 HNEI role Acoustic, EMF, ecological, sediment transport measurements Independent device durability and performance analysis Site-dedicated support vessel/maintenance protocol development

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2021

Modeling, Design, and Testing of a Novel Biphasic Solvent-Enabled Absorption System for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture

A novel absorption process enabled by a new class of biphasic solvents for post-combustion carbon capture (BiCAP) is presently being developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The new biphasic solvents are water-lean solvent blends that develop dual liquid phases with the absorbed CO2 highly enriched in one of the phases. These solvents are superior in CO2 capacity and have high thermal and oxidative stability compared to MEA. The BiCAP technology features a unique process configuration of multi-stage CO2 absorption and liquid–liquid phase separation during CO2 absorption, allowing continual separation and removal of the CO2-enriched liquid phase for maintaining low solvent viscosity and a fast absorption rate. A 40 kWe-scale skid has recently been constructed at the Abbott Power Plant in Champaign, IL, to test the BiCAP solvent in continuous operation with a slipstream of real post-combustion flue gas. Along with improvements in the stripping configuration including cold feed bypass, the process is expected to achieve a minimum reboiler duty of 2,210 kJ/kg CO2 captured at a stripper operating pressure of 6 bar.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Idaho National Laboratory Radioisotope Power Systems Nuclear Operations: Readiness Assessments Supporting a Nuclear-enabled NASA Mission

Idaho National Laboratory Radioisotope Power Systems Nuclear Operations: Preparations, Documentation, Readiness Assessments and Conduct of Operations Supporting a Nuclear-enabled NASA Mission Kelly L. Lively, Eric S. Clarke, Robert P. Gomez Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 208-533-7388; Kelly.Lively@inl.gov Abstract. The Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) Program, located at Idaho National Laboratory (INL), is responsible for assembling, testing, and delivering plutonium oxide-fueled RPSs for use in powering missions in remote, harsh environments such as deep space. An informative presentation will be given discussing the preparations, documents, readiness assessments, human capital and conduct of operations involved in performing nuclear operations to support providing these systems to end users for the Department of Energy (DOE). DOE is the start-up authority for performing nuclear operations. Readiness for start-up is determined through independent assessment against established acceptance criteria to ensure activities can be performed safely and within a well defined nuclear safety envelope. There is also an RPS Program approval element requiring additional readiness review before nuclear operations can begin. The programmatic readiness review is performed to ascertain readiness to proceed with nuclear operations from the perspective of product quality. The assessments and reviews are conducted in series in the following order of progression: Management Self Assessment (MSA), Contractor Readiness Assessment (CRA), DOE Readiness Assessment (DOE RA) and lastly, the Programmatic Production Readiness Review (PRR). The CRA, DOE RA, and PRR requires an independent technical review team. Twelve assessment criteria are reviewed and a selection of the criteria is identified for review on a graded approach. Typically, the assessments/review criteria requires, at a minimum, review of operating instructions to ensure technical safety requirements are adequately identified, review of training records to ensure personnel are adequately trained to perform the specified work scope, personnel are interviewed to determine adequacy of level of knowledge for work scope, and a high-fidelity performance of the operation to ensure the operating instructions and conduct of operations are adequate to perform the work scope. As each assessment/review is conducted a formal report delineating any issues in the form of findings, observations, and noteworthy practices will be issued. Before start-up approval is obtained all issues must be resolved to the satisfaction of the individual teams. Start-up notification is formally communicated by memorandum from DOE. Programmatic approval is documented in a Segmented Readiness Review where vested Program representatives in the RPS community (to include DOE NE 75 and DOE ID representatives) ensure personnel, documentation, and materials are in place to perform the activity. The four assessments/reviews can be completed in a 16-week period of time, provided ample resources and a relatively small work scope is identified. RPS assembly and testing operations to support the Mars 2020 Mission, the next planned space mission using a nuclear power system, will require about of year of assessments/reviews before the nuclear operations are performed. Keywords: INL, Operations, Assessments, DOE

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Slipstream Testing of Amine-Based Solvents at a Low-Rank Coal-Fired Power Plant

Conference presentation for 38th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, Virtual, September 20–23, 2021. To better assess mitigation strategies for aerosol reduction to extend solvent life, the University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) installed a pilot-scale CO 2 absorption system at a lignite-fired plant in central North Dakota. The pilot-scale system was operated using both commercial KS-1™ solvent and advanced KS-21™ solvent provided by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI). MHI’s proprietary amine emission reduction unit (AERU™) technology was installed downstream of the absorber columns to reduce solvent losses by recovering amines at the system outlet. Fine particulate loading was measured throughout the capture system with and without a WESP operating and using both solvents. Captured particulate was brought back to the EERC to be analyzed for chemical composition and to be examined by scanning electron microscopy for particulate structure. These variables were then correlated to performance of particulate control devices in reducing aerosol formation and solvent losses.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2012

The national carbon capture center at the power systems development facility

The Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) is a state-of-the-art test center sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and dedicated to the advancement of clean coal technology. In addition to the development of advanced coal gasification processes, the PSDF features the National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) to study CO2 capture from coal-derived syngas and flue gas. The NCCC includes multiple, adaptable test skids that allow technology development of CO2 capture concepts using coal-derived syngas and flue gas in industrial settings. Because of the ability to operate under a wide range of flow rates and process conditions, research at the NCCC can effectively evaluate technologies at various levels of maturity. During the Budget Period Three reporting period, efforts at the NCCC/PSDF focused on testing of pre-combustion CO2 capture and related processes; commissioning and initial testing at the post-combustion CO2 capture facilities; and operating the gasification process to develop gasification related technologies and for syngas generation to test syngas conditioning technologies.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

DEMONSTRATION OF A MULTI-STAGE TESTING AND EVALUATION APPROACH FOR A SAFETY-RELATED DIGITAL UPGRADE AT A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

There is an imminent need for existing United States nuclear power plants to reduce their operating and maintenance costs to remain economically viable. Digital technology provides significant opportunity for the existing nuclear power plant fleet to transform that way in which work is accomplished to reduce costs and allow the fleet to remain economically competitive. However, a careful understanding of the human-technology integration is needed to ensure the continued safe and reliable operation of these existing plants with new digital capabilities. This work presents interim findings in applying human factors engineering to a safety-significant digital upgrade for a United States nuclear power plant, following the new Alternative Review Process in the recently revised Digital Instrumentation and Control Interim Staff Guidance Licensing Process, Revision 2. The interim results described in this work provides an industry perspective, based on ongoing work, to recent work published from Vazquez, Green, and Desaulniers (2022).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Assessing Detonator Health Using Rogowski Coil Data

The Rogowski coil is commonly employed to measure rapid changes of electrical currents, especially in high power applications. Here we report the use of the coil to reveal subtle details of exploding bridgewire (EBW) detonator initiation and how the initiation is affected by aging. Detonator accelerated aging studies are aimed at understanding aging mechanisms and enabling predictive capabilities for aging. Rogowski Coil data from detonator accelerated aging studies offer a wealth of information regarding the electrical health of detonator, which is an important and complementary part of a comprehensive accelerated aging study. Herein we present the results of a variety of accelerated aging tests in detonators (thermal cycling, low power current damage, etc.) and the results that the Rogowski Coil affords us and how they inform us about the condition of the detonator.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Bicep2. III. INSTRUMENTAL SYSTEMATICS

In a companion paper, we have reported a >5σ detection of degree scale B-mode polarization at 150 GHz by the Bicep2 experiment. Here we provide a detailed study of potential instrumental systematic contamination to that measurement. We focus extensively on spurious polarization that can potentially arise from beam imperfections. We present a heuristic classification of beam imperfections according to their symmetries and uniformities, and discuss how resulting contamination adds or cancels in maps that combine observations made at multiple orientations of the telescope about its boresight axis. We introduce a technique, which we call “deprojection,” for filtering the leading order beam-induced contamination from time-ordered data, and show that it reduces power in Bicep2's actual and null-test BB spectra consistent with predictions using high signal-to-noise beam shape measurements. We detail the simulation pipeline that we use to directly simulate instrumental systematics and the calibration data used as input to that pipeline. Finally, we present the constraints on BB contamination from individual sources of potential systematics. We find that systematics contribute BB power that is a factor of ∼10× below Bicep2's three-year statistical uncertainty, and negligible compared to the observed BB signal. The contribution to the best-fit tensor/scalar ratio is at a level equivalent to r = (3–6) × 10{sup −3}.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗