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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,639 records · Page 91
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Snowmass white paper: beyond the standard model effects on neutrino flavor

Neutrinos are one of the most promising messengers for signals of new physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). On the theoretical side, their elusive nature, combined with their unknown mass mechanism, seems to indicate that the neutrino sector is indeed opening a window to new physics. On the experimental side, several long-standing anomalies have been reported in the past decades, providing a strong motivation to thoroughly test the standard three-neutrino oscillation paradigm. In this Snowmass21 white paper, we explore the potential of current and future neutrino experiments to explore BSM effects on neutrino flavor during the next decade.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Searching for beyond the Standard Model physics using the improved description of 100 Mo $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay spectral shape with CUPID-Mo

The current experiments searching for neutrinoless double-β ($0\nu \beta \beta$) decay also collect large statistics of Standard Model allowed two-neutrino double-β ($2\nu \beta \beta$ ) decay events. These can be used to search for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics via $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay spectral distortions. 100 Mo has a natural advantage due to its relatively short half-life, allowing higher $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay statistics at equal exposures compared to the other isotopes. We demonstrate the potential of the dual read-out bolometric technique exploiting a 100 Mo exposure of 1.47 kg years, acquired in the CUPID-Mo experiment at the Modane underground laboratory (France). We set limits on $0\nu \beta \beta$ decays with the emission of one or more Majorons, on $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay with Lorentz violation, and $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay with a sterile neutrino emission. In this analysis, we investigate the systematic uncertainty induced by modeling the $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay spectral shape parameterized through an improved model, an effect never considered before. This work motivates searches for BSM processes in the upcoming CUPID experiment, which will collect the largest amount of $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay events among the next-generation experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Search for Beyond the Standard Model physics with anomaly detection in multilepton final states in pp collisions at s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector

A model-agnostic search for Beyond the Standard Model physics is presented, targeting final states with at least four light leptons (electrons or muons). The search regions are separated by event topology and unsupervised machine learning is used to identify anomalous events in the full 140 fb-1$$^{-1}$$ of proton–proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2. No significant excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Model-agnostic limits are presented in each topology, along with limits on several benchmark models including vector-like leptons, wino-like charginos and neutralinos, or smuons. Limits are set on the flavourful vector-like lepton model for the first time.

Aad, G↗
DOE OSTI2019

Domain-Wall Standard Model in non-compact 5D and LHC phenomenology

We propose a framework to construct “Domain-Wall Standard Model” in a non-compact 5-dimensional spacetime, where all the Standard Model (SM) fields are localized in certain domains of the 5th dimension and the SM is realized as a 4-dimensional effective theory without any compactification for the 5th dimension. In this context, we investigate the collider phenomenology of the Kaluza–Klein (KK) modes of the SM gauge bosons and the current constraints from the search for a new gauge boson resonance at the Large Hadron Collider Run-2. The couplings of the SM fermions with the KK-mode gauge bosons depend on the configuration of the SM fermions in the 5-dimensional bulk. This “geometry” of the model can be tested at the future Large Hadron Collider experiment, once a KK-mode of the SM gauge boson is discovered.

Astronomy & Astrophysics↗
DOE OSTI2017

Standard Energy Efficiency Data Platform® [SWR-17-25]

The Standard Energy Efficiency Data Platform® (SEED Platform) provides public agencies and other organizations with a standardized but flexible, cost-effective, secure, enterprise data platform to manage portfolio scale building performance data from a variety of sources. The SEED Platform streamlines the administrative effort required by public agencies implementing building performance and transparency programs.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2017

sssmatch (Standard ScenarioS Match)

The standard scenarios match (sssmatch) tool accepts limited information about an existing transmission system model and computes a new generation mix based on a.) matching a particular NREL Standard Scenario generation mix and b.) minimizing the distance between the system’s original mix and the final one. The distance metric is computed on a nodal basis.

Duckworth, Jonathan↗
DOE OSTI2024

ENDF/B-VIII.1: Neutron Standards Sublibrary

The neutron standards sublibrary describes specific reaction cross sections, in a limited range, that are so well-known that they are used as ratios or references in other measurements. ENDF/B-VIII.1 remains unchanged from ENDF/B-VIII.0 for the neutron standards sublibrary

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Taking the MPI standard and the open MPI library to exascale

The Open MPI for Exascale (OMPI-X) project was one of two in the Exascale Computing Project (ECP) focused on advancing the MPI ecosystem. The OMPI-X team worked with other MPI Forum members to champion several important features for inclusion in the MPI 4.0, 4.1, and upcoming 5.0 MPI standard versions, in support of the needs of exascale applications and systems. The team also worked with the larger Open MPI community to bring implementations of these new features and other enhancements into Open MPI, one of the leading open-source implementations of the MPI interface. Here, this paper describes the motivation for the work of the OMPI-X project in the context of exascale computing needs, the nature of the resulting new capabilities in the MPI standard, and how they were implemented in the Open MPI library. Features include improved support for “MPI + X” programming models through partitioned communications and support for user-level threading, sessions, fault tolerance through the user-level fault mitigation (ULFM) and Reinit models, and other features. We also discuss enhancements to Open MPI providing improved performance and scalability for existing features, such as collective operations, one-sided operations, support for the Slingshot-11 interconnect of the initial exascale systems, and how the OMPI-X team worked to improve quality assurance for the Open MPI library, particularly on platforms of interest to the Department of Energy community.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2026

A standardized workflow for kinetic metabolic model curation and dissemination

Kinetic metabolic models provide invaluable insights into cellular metabolism, supporting applications in synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and systems biology. However, reproducibility and utility of these models hinge on clear and rigorous documentation, standardized annotation, and accessible visualization. This paper presents a workflow for building, annotating, visualizing, and sharing kinetic metabolic models. Our method integrates community standards and open-source tools to ensure reproducibility, interoperability, and user accessibility. This procedure enables researchers to produce reusable and well-documented kinetic models, advancing their role as powerful tools in metabolic research.

Cook, Margaret [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (↗
DOE OSTI2022

Standardization and First Lessons Learned of the Prototype HB650 Cryomodule for PIP-II at Fermilab

The prototype High Beta 650 MHz cryomodule (pHB650 CM) has been designed by an integrated design team, consisting of Fermilab (USA), CEA (France), STFC UKRI (UK), and RRCAT (India). The manufacturing and assembly of this prototype cryomodule is being done at Fermilab, whereas the production cryomodules will be manufactured and assembled by STFC-UKRI. As the first PIP-II cryomodule for which standardization was applied, the design, manufacturing and assembly of this cryomodule led to significant lessons being learnt and experiences gathered. These were incorporated into the design of the pre-production Single Spoke Resonator Type 2 cryomodule (ppSSR2 CM) and the pre-production Low Beta 650 MHz cryomodule (ppLB650 CM). This paper presents the pHB650 CM lessons learned and experiences gathered from the design to the lower coldmass assembly and how this cryomodule has a positive impact on all the next Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) cryomodules due to the standardization set up among SSR and 650 cryomodules.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Standardized beamline particulate characterization analysis: Initial application to CEBAF and LCLS-II cryomodule components

Despite continuously evolving efforts to minimize and manage the occurrence of particulates in operational SRF accelerator systems, the presence of electron field emission from contaminating particulates on SRF surfaces with high surface electric fields remains a consistent challenge. Jefferson Lab has recently initiated a standardized particulate sampling and characterization practice in order to gain more specific and systematic knowledge of the particulates actually present. It is expected that patterns emerging from such sampling will strengthen source attribution and guide improvement efforts. Initial samples were gathered from a cryomodule and adjoining warm girders that were removed from the CEBAF tunnel for reprocessing. The collection and analysis techniques were also used to characterize particulates on the inside of LCLS-II string components. Samples are transferred to clean industry-standard forensic GSR carbon tape spindles and examined via automated cleanroom SEM scanning for particle localization trends and sizing. The particulates are subsequently analyzed with EDS for elemental composition. A catalogue of found particle types is being accumulated. The methods used and results obtained from these initial applications will be presented.

Reece, Charles↗
DOE OSTI2025

NuHepMC: A standardized event record format for neutrino event generators

Simulations of neutrino interactions are playing an increasingly important role in the pursuit of high-priority measurements for the field of particle physics. A significant technical barrier for efficient development of these simulations is the lack of a standard data format for representing individual neutrino scattering events. We propose and define such a universal format, named NuHepMC, as a common standard for the output of neutrino event generators. The NuHepMC format uses data structures and concepts from the HepMC3 event record library adopted by other subfields of high-energy physics. These are supplemented with an original set of conventions for generically representing neutrino interaction physics within the HepMC3 infrastructure.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

A standard convention for particle-level Monte Carlo event-variation weights

Streams of event weights in particle-level Monte Carlo event generators are a convenient and immensely CPU-efficient approach to express systematic uncertainties in phenomenology calculations, providing systematic variations on the nominal prediction within a single event sample. But the lack of a common standard for labelling these variation streams across different tools has proven to be a major limitation for event-processing tools and analysers alike. Here we propose a well-defined, extensible community standard for the naming, ordering, and interpretation of weight streams that will serve as the basis for semantically correct parsing and combination of such variations in both theoretical and experimental studies.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Technical Basis for DOE Standard 3013 Equivalency Supporting Reduced Temperature Stabilization of Oxalate-Derived Plutonium Oxide Produced by the HB-Line Facility at Savannah River Site

The HB-Line (HBL) facility at the Savannah River Site (SRS) is designed to produce high-purity plutonium dioxide (PuO 2 ) which is suitable for future use in production of Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel. The MOX Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF) requires PuO 2 feed to be packaged per the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Standard 3013 (DOE-STD-3013) to comply with the facility's safety basis. The stabilization conditions imposed by DOE-STD-3013 for PuO 2 (i.e., 950 °C for 2 hours) preclude use of the HBL PuO 2 in direct fuel fabrication and reduce the value of the HBL product as MFFF feedstock. Consequently, HBL initiated a technical evaluation to define acceptable operating conditions for production of high-purity PuO 2 that fulfills the DOE-STD-3013 criteria for safe storage. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate that within the defined operating conditions, the HBL process will be equivalent for meeting the requirements of the DOE-STD-3013 stabilization process for plutonium-bearing materials from the DOE complex. The proposed 3013 equivalency reduces the prescribed stabilization temperature for high-purity PuO 2 from oxalate precipitation processes from 950 °C to 640 °C and places a limit of 60% on the relative humidity (RH) at the lowest material temperature. The equivalency is limited to material produced using the HBL established flow sheet, for example, nitric acid anion exchange and Pu(IV) direct strike oxalate precipitation with stabilization at a minimum temperature of 640 °C for four hours (h). The product purity must meet the MFFF acceptance criteria of 23,600 µg/g Pu (i.e., 2.1 wt %) total impurities and chloride content less than 250 µg/g of Pu. All other stabilization and packaging criteria identified by DOE-STD-3013-2012 or earlier revisions of the standard apply. Based on the evaluation of test data discussed in this document, the expert judgment of the authors supports packaging the HBL product under a 3013 equivalency. Under the defined process conditions and associated material specifications, the high-purity PuO 2 produced in HBL presents no unique safety concerns for packaging or storage in the 3013 required configuration. The PuO 2 produced using the HBL flow sheet conditions will have a higher specific surface area (SSA) than PuO 2 stabilized at 950 °C and, consequently, under identical conditions will adsorb more water from the atmosphere. The greatest challenge to HBL operators will be controlling moisture content below 0.5 wt %. However, even at the 0.5 wt % moisture limit, the maximum acceptable pressure of a stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in the 3013 container is greater than the maximum possible pressure for the HBL PuO 2 product.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2012

Research reactor QA standard selection, survey and benchmarking

In June of 2012, the Nuclear Quality and Requirements Department at SNL TA-V conducted a survey of research facilities in the U.S. and internationally to determine 1) how they chose to implement QA and SQA and 2) to serve as a starting point for further questions. The results, collected in July 2012, were a broad spectrum of locations, standard selection, and regulating bodies in the U.S. and internationally. The results showed that standard selection, regulating agency, and resources allocated to implement QA (beyond a certain minimum) did not appear to have an impact on self-reported QA program effectiveness. The single greatest indicator of self reported QA program quality effectiveness appeared to be the number of different techniques used to verify QA program effectiveness. The responses to the survey are detailed in the following report, along with a list of suggested follow-on questions for specific facilities.

Pratt, Richard J.↗
DOE OSTI2013

Site Specific Reference Person Parameters and Derived Concentration Standards for the Savannah River Site

The purpose of this report is twofold. The first is to develop a set of behavioral parameters for a reference person specific for the Savannah River Site (SRS) such that the parameters can be used to determine dose to members of the public in compliance with Department of Energy (DOE) Order 458.1 “Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment.” A reference person is a hypothetical, gender and age aggregation of human physical and physiological characteristics arrived at by international consensus for the purpose of standardizing radiation dose calculations. DOE O 458.1 states that compliance with the annual dose limit of 100 mrem (1 mSv) to a member of the public may be demonstrated by calculating the dose to the maximally exposed individual (MEI) or to a representative person. Historically, for dose compliance, SRS has used the MEI concept, which uses adult dose coefficients and adult male usage parameters. Beginning with the 2012 annual site environmental report, SRS will be using the representative person concept for dose compliance. The dose to a representative person will be based on 1) the SRS-specific reference person usage parameters at the 95th percentile of appropriate national or regional data, which are documented in this report, 2) the reference person (gender and age averaged) ingestion and inhalation dose coefficients provided in DOE Derived Concentration Technical Standard (DOE-STD-1196-2011), and 3) the external dose coefficients provided in the DC_PAK3 toolbox.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Evaluation of DOE Technical Standard 1027 and Supplemental Guidance NA-1 SD G 1027. Examining Radionuclide NESHAP Impacts and Off-Site Dose Consequences

This document is intended to briefly describe changes to Department of Energy Technical Standard 1027 and the associated effects of these changes on radionuclide air emissions from operations at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Each general category of LANL radionuclide air emissions is evaluated, and the manner in which changes to Standard 1027 would affect the emissions and subsequent doses to members of the public is discussed. While the material discussed in this document applies specifically to LANL operations, the information may be generally applicable to other DOE sites in some cases.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2010

Determination of the standard deviation on multiplication based on count distributions

The multiplication M of a multiplying object can be determined by analyzing the arrival times of thermal neutrons in detectors such as helium tubes. A source emitting neutrons randomly will lead to neutron inter arrival times obeying Poisson process statistics. By observing how the inter arrival times of detected counts differ from Poisson statistics, one can assess properties of the neutron source such as the source intensity and multiplication.The results of this study show that analyzing the data stream using non-overlapping time gates is an improvement over the current analysis using overlapping time gates. The new method enables us to compute the standard deviation on the multiplication parameter M accurately. Also, this standard deviation on M decreases as the largest time gate is about 10 times the characteristic time constant λ -1 of the system.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗