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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,747 records · Page 97
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Absorbing-sphere model for calculating ion-ion recombination total cross sections.

An 'absorbing-sphere' model based on the Landau-Zener method is set up for calculating the upper limit thermal energy (300 K) reaction rate and the energy dependence of the total cross sections. The crucial parameter needed for the calculation is the electron detachment energy for the outer electron on the anion. It is found that the cross sections increase with decreasing electron detachment energy.

Olson, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Analysis of a laterally loaded ring with a hinged cross section.

A ring assembly constructed by lacing together three elements into a basic channel cross section is analyzed. The ring is supported at three equidistant points and loaded by a uniform distribution of radial and transverse loads. Bulkheads may be introduced at discrete cross sections to prevent distortion. The purpose of this analysis is to determine the behavior of the deflection as the number and location of the bulkheads and the degree of rigidity of the supports are varied. The method of analysis is an application of the Principle of Virtual Work within the framework of small displacement theory. Numerical results are presented for the geometrical parameters of a model. An important result is the observation that bulkheads have virtually no effect on the deflections of the web.

Williams, H. E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Angular dependence of electron impact excitation cross sections of O2.

Study of the electron-impact excitation spectrum of O2 at 20 and 45 eV impact energies and at scattering angles ranging from 10 to 90 deg. The angular behavior of the differential scattering cross sections for excitation of the a super 1 delta sub g, b super 1 sigma sub g (+), B super 3 sigma sub u (-) states for the 9.97-eV ('longest' band) and the 10.29-eV ('second' band) transitions, for the broad feature at 6.1 eV energy-loss, and for elastic scattering is determined. The experimentally measured relative differential and integral cross sections for these processes are approximately normalized to the absolute scale. The intensities of the different transitions in optical and electron-impact spectra are compared, and the importance of spin-orbit coupling and exchange processes is discussed. It is found that the energy-loss feature at 6.1 eV in the electron-impact spectrum is mostly due to the excitation of the c super 1 sigma sub u (-) state, and not the A super 3 sigma sub u (+) state, as had been previously thought.

Trajmar, S.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Influence of contraction section shape and inlet flow direction on supersonic nozzle flow and performance.

Wall static pressure measurements and performance parameters are presented for axisymmetric supersonic nozzles with relatively steep convergent sections and comparatively small radius-of-curvature throats. The nozzle walls were essentially adiabatic. These results are compared with those obtained in other nozzles tested previously to appraise the influence of contraction shape on performance. Both the flow coefficient and the thrust were less than the corresponding values for one-dimensional, isentropic, plane flow for both the axial and radial inflow nozzles considered, but the specific impulse, the most important performance parameter, was found to be relatively unchanged. The thrust decrement for the axial inflow nozzles was established primarily by the shape of the contraction section, and could be estimated reasonably well from a conical sink flow consideration. The radial inflow nozzle has a potential advantage from a cooling point of view if used in a rocket engine.

Back, L. H.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Electron impact excitation cross sections and energy degradation in CO.

We determine a comprehensive set of electron impact cross sections for carbon monoxide mainly on the basis of recently accumulated data on electron impact spectra, the Born approximation at high energies, and simple rules developed earlier to take into account low-energy effects. The calculation of the complete energy degradation of electrons incident on CO is carried out with these input cross sections, and the efficiencies associated with possible loss channels are presented.

Sawada, T.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Analytic models of electron impact excitation cross sections.

A number of analytic forms are presented which have been used to represent electron impact excitation cross sections all the way from threshold to the high energy domain where they join approximately to the results of the Born-Bethe approximation. Techniques for estimating the parameters in these analytic forms are described in detail so that the reader can update his own parameter set when new experimental information becomes available. A short collection of parameters for excitations to key states of N2, O2 and O is given along with references to sources where more complete sets are available. The importance of analytic models as a means of communication to aeronomical users of cross sections is discussed.

Green, A. E. S.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Cross sections for production of the CO(A 1 Pi)-(X 1 Sigma) fourth positive band system and O(3 S) by photodissociation of CO2

The CO(A 1 Pi) cross sections reported here, along with previously determined electron impact results, establish the basis for calculating CO fourth positive system volume emission rates in the Martian dayglow. Calculated volume emission rates in turn determine relative distribution of photon vs. electron impact as mechanisms for producing CO(A 1 Pi) in the Mars atmosphere. The smallness of the O(1304) cross section confirms previous indirect evidence that photodissociative excitation of CO2 is not an important source of O(3 S) in the upper atmosphere of Mars.

Gentieu, E. P.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Analytic cross sections for 1 1S, to 1 1S to 2 1S, 1 1S to 2 1P transitions in helium by electron impact

The 1 1s yields 1 1s elastic and 1 1s yields 2 1s and 1 1s yields 2 excitation cross sections of Helium atoms by collision with a charged particle are obtained as analytic functions of incident velocity. The first order time dependent scattering theory is used. Numerical values of electron -He cross sections are obtained for incident energies in the range 30 eV to 800 eV and compared with earlier Born approximation calculations and with available experimental data. It is found that at 100 eV and above, the present results are in good agreement with the experimental results. They are also closer to the experimental results than the corresponding Born calculations.

Sukumar, C. V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

A method for estimating static aerodynamic characteristics for slender bodies of circular and noncircular cross section alone and with lifting surfaces at angles of attack from 0 deg to 90 deg

An engineering-type method is presented for estimating normal-force, axial-force, and pitching-moment coefficients for slender bodies of circular and noncircular cross section alone and with lifting surfaces. Static aerodynamic characteristics computed by the method are shown to agree closely with experimental results for slender bodies of circular and elliptic cross section and for winged-circular and winged-elliptic cones. However, the present experimental results used for comparison with the method are limited to angles of attack only up to about 20 deg and Mach numbers from 2 to 4.

Jorgensen, L. H.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Light ray tracing through a leaf cross section

A light ray, incident at about 5 deg to the normal, is geometrically plotted through the drawing of the cross section of a soybean leaf using Fresnel's equations and Snell's law. The optical mediums of the leaf considered for ray tracing are: air, cell sap, chloroplast, and cell wall. The ray is also drawn through the same leaf cross section with cell wall and air as the only optical mediums. The values of the reflection and transmission found from the ray tracing tests agree closely with the experimental results obtained using a Beckman Dk-2A Spectroreflector.

Kumar, R.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Acoustic propagation in ducts with varying cross sections and sheared mean flow.

An analysis is presented of the wave propagation and attenuation in two-dimensional ducts with slowly varying cross sections which carry sheared mean flow. A uniformly valid asymptotic expansion of the acoustic waves is obtained in terms of the maximum slope of the wall by using the method of multiple scales. The result is a first-order differential equation describing the amplitude variation with the axial distance. This equation is used to evaluate the effects of variations of the duct cross section and growing boundary layers on the different acoustic modes.

Nayfeh, A. H.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Low speed aerodynamic characteristics of a 17 percent thick airfoil section designed for general aviation applications

Wind-tunnel tests have been conducted to determine the low-speed two-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of a 17-percent-thick airfoil designed for general aviation applications (GA(W)-1). The results were compared with predictions based on a theoretical method for calculating the viscous flow about the airfoil. The tests were conducted over a Mach number range from 0.10 to 0.28. Reynolds numbers based on airfoil chord varied from 2.0 million to 20.0 million. Maximum section lift coefficients greater than 2.0 were obtained and section lift-drag ratio at a lift coefficient of 1.0 (climb condition) varied from about 65 to 85 as the Reynolds number increased from about 2.0 million to 6.0 million.

Mcghee, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Use of a pitot-static probe for determining wing section drag in flight at Mach numbers from 0.5 to approximately 1.0

The use of a pitot-static probe to determine wing section drag at speeds from Mach 0.5 to approximately 1.0 was evaluated in flight. The probe unit is described and operational problems are discussed. Typical wake profiles and wing section drag coefficients are presented. The data indicate that the pitot-static probe gave reliable results up to speeds of approximately 1.0.

Montoya, L. C.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The energy distribution cross section in threshold electron-atom impact ionization

The flatness of the energy differential cross section in impact ionization is derived analytically in the Wannier theory. However it is shown that the Wannier zone is confined to a region of the order E/5 is less than or equal to epsilon is less than or equal to 4E/5, where E is the available energy and epsilon is the energy of the electrons. By contrasting the known results of photoionization and photodetachment, one can cogently argue that in the complementary region where electrons share their energy very unequally the cross section rises to a value independent of E, and that this region determines the form of the threshold law.

Temkin, A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Calibration of the Langley 16-foot transonic tunnel with test section air removal

The Langley 16-foot transonic tunnel with test section air removal (plenum suction) was calibrated to a Mach number of 1.3. The results of the calibration, including the effects of slot shape modifications, test section wall divergence, and water vapor condensation, are presented. A complete description of the wind tunnel and its auxiliary equipment is included.

Corson, B. W., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Light ray tracing through a leaf cross section

A light ray, incident at about 5 deg to the normal, is geometrically plotted through the drawing of the cross section of a soybean leaf using Fresnel's equations and Snell's law. The optical mediums of the leaf considered for ray tracing are air, cell sap, chloroplast, and cell wall. The above ray is also drawn through the same leaf cross section considering cell wall and air as the only optical mediums. The values of the reflection and transmission found from ray tracing agree closely with the experimental results obtained using a Beckman DK-2A spectroreflectometer.

Kumar, R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Transmission of sound through annular ducts of varying cross sections and sheared mean flow

An asymptotic solution is presented for the transmission and attenuation of acoustic waves in an annular duct of slowly varying cross section which carries a sheared mean flow. The analysis also takes into account the growth of the boundary layer as well as any slow variations in the acoustic liner properties. The problem is reduced to the solution of a first-order ordinary differential equation for the amplitude. The analysis is used to estimate the effects of the variations of the duct cross section and boundary layer growth on the different acoustic modes.

Nayfeh, A. H.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Fragmentation cross sections of 2.1-GeV/nucleon C-12 and O-16 ions

Measurement of the total fragmentation cross sections of C-12 and O-16 ions incident in CsI target and tungsten scintillator modules. The analysis described is based on a one-module criterion for determining the location of an interaction. The results are independent of the windows used, provided that corrections are made for interactions simulated by energy loss fluctuations in the individual modules and for Delta Z ? 1 interactions missed because of the use of wide windows. The cross sections obtained are in general agreement with the values obtained in other experiments for various target nuclei.

Cheshire, D. L.↗