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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,765 records · Page 98
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

The Multiplicity of M Dwarfs in Young Moving Groups

We image 104 newly identified low-mass (mostly M-dwarf) pre-main sequence (PMS) members of nearby young moving groups (YMGs) with Magellan Adaptive Optics (MagAO) and identify 27 stellar binaries with instantaneous projected separation as small as 40 mas. Fifteen were previously unknown. The total number of multiple systems in this sample including spectroscopic and visual binaries from the literature is 36, giving a raw stellar multiplicity rate of at least 35{sub −4}{sup +5}% for this population. In the separation range of roughly 1–300 au in which infrared AO imaging is most sensitive, the raw multiplicity rate is at least 24{sub −4}{sup +5}% for binaries resolved by the MagAO infrared camera (Clio). The M-star subsample of 87 stars yields a raw multiplicity of at least 30{sub −4}{sup +5}% over all separations, 21{sub −4}{sup +5}% for secondary companions resolved by Clio from 1 to 300 au (23{sub −4}{sup +5}% for all known binaries in this separation range). A combined analysis with binaries discovered by the Search for Associations Containing Young stars shows that stellar multiplicity fraction as a function of mass over the range of 0.2 to 1.2 M {sub ☉} appears to be linearly flat, in contrast to the field, where multiplicity increases with mass. After bias corrections are applied, the multiplicity of low-mass YMG members (0.2–0.6 M {sub ☉}) is in excess of the field. The overall multiplicity fraction is also consistent with being constant in age and across YMGs, which suggests that multiplicity rates for this mass range are largely set by 10 Myr without appreciable evolution thereafter.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS1969

Technique for improving solid state mosaic images

Method identifies and corrects mosaic image faults in solid state visual displays and opto-electronic presentation systems. Composite video signals containing faults due to defective sensing elements are corrected by a memory unit that contains the stored fault pattern and supplies the appropriate fault word to the blanking circuit.

Saboe, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Correlation of coastal water turbidity and current circulation with ERTS-1 and Skylab imagery

The article reviews investigations of current circulation patterns, suspended sediment concentration, coastal frontal systems, and waste disposal plumes based on visual interpretation and digital analysis of ERTS-1 and Skylab/EREP imagery. Data on conditions in the Delaware Bay area were obtained from 10 ERTS-1 passes and one Skylab pass, with simultaneous surface and airborne sensing. The current patterns and sediments observed by ERTS-1 correlated well with ground-based observations. Methods are suggested which would make it possible to identify certain pollutants and sediment types from multispectral scanner data.

Klemas, V.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Vestibular-visual interactions in flight simulators

All 139 research papers published under this ten-year program are listed. Experimental work was carried out at the Ames Research Center involving man's sensitivity to rotational acceleration, and psychophysical functioning of the semicircular canals; vestibular-visual interactions and effects of other sensory systems were studied in flight simulator environments. Experiments also dealt with the neurophysiological vestibular functions of animals, and flight management investigations of man-vehicle interactions.

Clark, B.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A new interpretation of luminous blue stars

A major revision of current theoretical ideas about the brightest blue stars must be made if Carson's (1976) radiative opacities are adopted in stellar models. Unlike earlier opacities, these exhibit a large 'bump' due to CNO ionization, which leads to very strong central condensation, convective instability, and pulsational instability in hot diffuse stellar envelopes. Despite a number of theoretical uncertainties, the new picture of the structure of very luminous stars is reasonably successful in accounting for a variety of previously unexplained observations. The stellar models for the phase of core hydrogen burning predict large radii and rather cool effective temperatures for O stars and a spreading out of the main-sequence band in the H-R diagram toward luminous cool supergiants for masses higher than about 20 solar masses. In massive X-ray binary systems, circular orbits and supergiant-like visual companions are expected to be quite common. Long-period variability is predicted to exist for massive blue supergiants of luminosity class Ia. The models for helium stars predict large radii and rather cool effective temperatures for Wolf-Rayet stars, as well as multimodal pulsational instability and, possibly, surface turbulence for these stars.

Stothers, R.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Vestibular-visual interactions in flight simulators

The following research work is reported: (1) vestibular-visual interactions; (2) flight management and crew system interactions; (3) peripheral cue utilization in simulation technology; (4) control of signs and symptoms of motion sickness; (5) auditory cue utilization in flight simulators, and (6) vestibular function: Animal experiments.

Clark, B.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Conceptual design for spacelab two-phase flow experiments

KC-135 aircraft tests confirmed the gravity sensitivity of two phase flow correlations. The prime component of the apparatus is a 1.5 cm dia by 90 cm fused quartz tube test section selected for visual observation. The water-cabin air system with water recycle was a clear choice for a flow regime-pressure drop test since it was used satisfactorily on KC-135 tests. Freon-11 with either overboard dump or with liquid-recycle will be used for the heat transfer test. The two experiments use common hardware. The experimental plan covers 120 data points in six hours with mass velocities from 10 to 640 kg/sec-sq m and qualities 0.01 to 0.64. The apparatus with pump, separator, storage tank and controls is mounted in a double spacelab rack. Supporting hardware, procedures, measured variables and program costs are defined.

Bradshaw, R. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Proposed dynamic phase difference method for the detection of tile debonding from the space shuttle orbiter

A noncontracting, semi-global, dynamic technique was developed for detecting loose tiles on the space shuttle orbiter. In laboratory tests on a single tile, the substrate was excited into lateral motion at a constant frequency and amplitude of 2g. The phase relationship between the motions of tile and substrate was examined by noncontacting probes in order to relate the dynamic properties of the tile SIP system to its fatigue history; by a visual technique using a stroboscope and split screen video monitor for practical application in the field. When the substrate is excited at an appropriate frequency (between 30 and 60 Hz), a good tile moves in phase and a loose tile out of phase with the substrate. The out of phase motion is readily observable in the form of a "beat" between the tile and a reference marker on the substrate.

Zuckerwar, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Time delays in flight simulator visual displays

It is pointed out that the effects of delays of less than 100 msec in visual displays on pilot dynamic response and system performance are of particular interest at this time because improvements in the latest computer-generated imagery (CGI) systems are expected to reduce CGI displays delays to this range. Attention is given to data which quantify the effects of display delays in the range of 0-100 msec on system stability and performance, and pilot dynamic response for a particular choice of aircraft dynamics, display, controller, and task. The conventional control system design methods are reviewed, the pilot response data presented, and data for long delays, all suggest lead filter compensation of display delay. Pilot-aircraft system crossover frequency information guides compensation filter specification.

Crane, D. F.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Visual tracking in stereo

A method is described for visual object tracking by a computer vision system using TV cameras and special low-level image processing hardware. The tracker maintains an internal model of the location, orientation, and velocity of the object in three-dimensional space. This model is used to predict where features of the object will lie on the two-dimensional images produced by stereo TV cameras. The differences in the locations of features in the two-dimensional images as predicted by the internal model and as actually seen create an error signal in the two-dimensional representation. This is multiplied by a generalized inverse Jacobian matrix to deduce the error in the internal model. The procedure repeats to update the internal model of the object's location, orientation and velocity continuously.

Saund, E.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Ultraviolet spectroscopy of F and G supergiants with IUE. II - The hot companions of HR 2786 and HR 2859

Hot companion stars in two binary systems are analyzed by means of IUE low-dispersion spectra. HR 2859B is found to be a B2 IV or V star, and analysis of ultraviolet to near-infrared photometry indicates the primary to be an early G star only one magnitude brighter in V with a magnitude of -4.0. A third star probably associated with this system was classified B9p Hg a probable visual absolute magnitude of about -1.6 is obtained for it. HR 2786 is now confirmed to have a hot secondary, for which a spectral class of B9-9.5 is obtained. With an assumed luminosity for this component, the G2 Ib primary then has a magnitude of -3.8.

Parsons, S. B.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Human operator performance of remotely controlled tasks: Teleoperator research conducted at NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center. Executive summary

The combination of human and machine capabilities into an integrated engineering system which is complex and interactive interdisciplinary undertaking is discussed. Human controlled remote systems referred to as teleoperators, are reviewed. The human factors requirements for remotely manned systems are identified. The data were developed in three principal teleoperator laboratories and the visual, manipulator and mobility laboratories are described. Three major sections are identified: (1) remote system components, (2) human operator considerations; and (3) teleoperator system simulation and concept verification.

Shields, N., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Unmanned Vehicle Systems Experiences at the Dryden Flight Research Facility

An overview is presented of the remotely piloted research vehicle (RPRV) activities at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Facility from their beginning to the present. The development of RPRV's as flight test tools is discussed, and system configuration is presented. Solutions derived from human factors experience related to flight activities and pilot responses have contributed to overall system capability. The development and use of visual displays, which are a critical feature of successful RPRV flights, are discussed as well as directions for future RPRV efforts.

Terrence W Rezek↗
NASA NTRS1986

Force/torque display for space teleoperation control experiments and evaluation

Experiments were performed at the Johnson Space Center (JSC), Manipulator Development Facility using the full scale Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS) to evaluate the effect of visual presentation through perspective display of the orthogonal forces and torques sensed at the manipulator end effector. The experiments investigated the effect of the display information on the management of forces and torques generated during payload berthing and deployment, as well as simulated satellite module change-out operations. The evaluation also addressed (1) issues of display format, including: force/torque scaling, point of resolution, and display mixing with video generated imagery, and (20) task related variables of payload size, alternative sources of guidance information, and control mode. The results are presented of a first-pass informal anlaysis of the analog, strip chart-recorded data from these evaluation tests. The results provide a relative measure of improvement in force management through the use of such a display, as well as information regarding the impact of display variables and task demands on operator performance.

Corker, K.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Shuttle RCS primary thruster injector flow visualization

An image-transmitting fiber-optics scope with a dry gas purge of the optics head has been used to visually evaluate the condition of surplus thrusters in the Space Shuttle's Reaction Control System; it was subsequently applied to flight thrusters. The technique uses water for flow visualization, and obviates thruster disassembly. The innovative use of gas purging of a fiber-optics head allows the unobstructed and distortion-free viewing of the flow streams, and testing has shown the technique to be ideally suited to injector flow assessments following thruster exposure to extensive contamination.

Wells, Dennis L.↗