Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “03 NATURAL GAS”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Current understanding of Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) reaction over supported Mn-Na 2 WO 4 catalysts

This perspective reviews the current understanding of the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) reaction over the supported Mn-Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalyst, with a focus on recent insights gained from state-of-the-art in-situ and operando spectroscopic characterization and chemical probe experiments under controlled environments. The supported Mn-Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalyst exhibits dynamic structural changes during the OCM reaction, involving multiple reactive lattice and adsorbed oxygen species, each associated with different oxide phases. These oxygen species play distinct roles in various steps of the OCM mechanism. The catalytic active sites for activation of CH 4 are associated with isolated surface Na-WO x sites on the SiO 2 support and the role of surface MnO x sites on SiO 2 is to oxidatively dehydrogenate C 2 H 6 to C 2 H 4 . Furthermore, this paper provides a detailed discussion of these roles and also introduces new experimental data from Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP) studies to clarify the ongoing debate in the literature regarding the contributions of lattice versus adsorbed oxygen species in OCM reaction product formation. Additionally, recommendations are offered for optimizing the performance of supported Mn-Na 2 WO 4 /SiO 2 catalysts to enhance CH 4 activation and C 2 product selectivity.

03 - NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Cybersecurity Considerations for the Liquified Natural Gas Sector

Due to the highly volatile nature of Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) and the systems required for generation and safe containment, it is likely a targeted cyber-attack on LNG control and safety systems will have a significant economic impact on energy supplies and prices. Moreover, if the interconnected operational technology (OT) devices within LNG systems are exploited to malfunction, the repair and recertification process will almost certainly be longer than for natural gas (NG) systems.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Evaluation of Technically-Recoverable Resources in the Marcellus and Utica Shale Gas Plays of the Appalachian Basin

Well production estimates are evaluated to provide estimates of total and remaining technically-recoverable gas resources in the Marcellus and Utica shale gas plays of the Appalachian basin. Domestic gas resources are critical contributors to the United States (U.S.) economy and will be key to enabling the sustainable and carbon-neutral fuel systems of the future. Recent assessments by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) continue to identify resources of the Appalachian region as critical to meeting energy demand, with the Marcellus and Utica- Point Pleasant (“Utica”) shale plays combining for more than 30 percent of projected U.S. domestic natural gas production through 2050.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Hydrogen Infrastructure Assessment for Inject (CRADA 463)

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Southern Company Services (SCS) will cooperatively engage in research and development activities to explore the safety, environmental and economic implications of blending gaseous hydrogen into natural gas distribution systems.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Processing and Liquefaction of NG and Storage of LNG

This Unit Process includes the Pipeline gas input, energy requirements, emissions, losses, and boil-off gas associated with Processing, Liquefaction and Storage of Natural Gas before it is exported.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Turbine Aero-Thermal Technologies for 65% Combined Cycle Efficiency (Phase I Final Report)

GE Power (GEP), a division of General Electric Company, performed a gas turbine technology development program that integrated Aerodynamic and Heat Transfer advances as an important and innovative step towards the DOE goal of 65% combined cycle efficiency. Improved efficiency will also contribute towards the reduction in the cost of electricity identified by the DOE for the US through reduced fuel consumption, and through lowering the capital cost of the generating equipment. It is currently predicted that the result of this project will enable 0.40~0.65 pt in combined cycle efficiency improvement. This technology will be directly applicable to gas turbines utilizing coal gasification processes where hydrogen-rich coal-derived synthesis gas is produced with natural gas being the developmental fuel.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Low-cost Retrofit Kit for Integral Reciprocating Compressors (IRCs) to Reduce Emissions and Enhance Efficiency

Methane emissions from natural gas engines within the oil and gas industry pose a significant environmental challenge, contributing approximately 34.1 MMTCO2 eq to the total of 239 MMTCO2 eq of methane emissions in 2021, according to the EPA report. In response to this pressing issue, a collaborative effort involving the University of Oklahoma and key industry partners—WAGO Automation, Mid Continental Rental, Elipsa, and Perscient—has resulted in the development of a retrofit kit designed to reduce emissions from integral reciprocating compressors (IRCs), which are integrated compressors and engines. The retrofit kit developed comprises an Air Management System (AMS), Integrated Sensors, and a Cloud-Connected Control Unit with Graphical User Interface (GUI)/Human-Machine Interface (HMI). This solution enhances operational efficiency, reduces emissions, and expands the operational envelope of IRCs in the natural gas industry. The project successfully completed all tasks, including the installation of a full-size IRC at a designated site in Oklahoma, the development of an optimized AMS, integration of sensors, and implementation of a data acquisition system. Significant achievements include a notable reduction in CH 4 emissions, up to 84% at specific loads, and the successful deployment of the retrofit kit in diverse field conditions. The system's capabilities were enhanced through the creation of a feedback control algorithm for the AMS using a correlation matrix illustrating relationships between engine parameters, and the design of a predictive and preventive maintenance platform. The project concluded with the deployment of the entire retrofit kit to another location, confirming its effectiveness in reducing emissions and enhancing IRC performance. The comprehensive solution offers valuable benefits for IRCs, making them invaluable assets in the natural gas industry.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Integrated Methane Monitoring Platform Extension, Volume I: Final Technical Report

The IMMPE project, DE-FE0032284, was to enhance methane monitoring technologies and their applications across various natural gas asset classes. The scope included deploying advanced methane detection and monitoring technologies to identify and mitigate fugitive methane emissions, measuring emission rates, and assessing impacts. The findings included the successful mitigation of identified emissions and quantification of emission rates. A key outcome was the development of a comprehensive template and summary of recommendations for methane emissions monitoring, which is replicable for both upstream and downstream applications. Furthermore, the project emphasized the importance of education by providing training opportunities for technicians and regulators, thereby fostering awareness and promoting the adoption of cost-effective methane emissions monitoring and management techniques.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2019

Promoting Domestic and International Consensus on Fossil Energy Technologies – Program Area 2: International Oil and Natural Gas

The Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy's (FE) Office of Oil and Natural Gas (FE Oil & Gas) works to achieve a more secure energy future through the diversified supply of oil and natural gas resources while minimizing environmental impacts. FE Oil & Gas strives to ensure responsible development of these resources through research, policy analysis, regulation, and international leadership. The Office of Oil and Natural Gas supports research and policy options to ensure environmentally sustainable supplies of oil and natural gas for American consumers. The program conducts international activities that support environmental protection and safety of global oil and gas production. The program also oversees the import and export of oil and natural gas. USEA will help FE Oil & Gas to promote safe and responsible development of oil and natural gas in the United States and in other countries by sharing best practices and advanced technology. This will benefit the public by ensuring reliable, clean and affordable supplies of oil and natural gas in the United States.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2022

Demonstration and Evaluation of a Non-Invasive, Low-Cost, Strap-On Sensor for Natural Gas Meters

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) is interested in installing internet-connected, gas submeters to better understand gas consumption in its portfolio of buildings. The GSA in partnership with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory conducted a demonstration to assess a specific submeter technology. This technology was implemented at two GSA separate facilities located in Dallas, Texas. This demonstration evaluated hardware and software installations and integrations, data integrity and accuracy, and included an economic analysis. This demonstration evaluated a gas submeter technology provided by the vendor Vata Verks, who produces a non-invasive strap-on submeter. The company was founded with a mission to conserve water (and eventually gas) cheaply and simply, as explained on its website. The product intends to streamline submeter deployments for gas and water by eliminating most hardware costs while allowing for easy integration of submetered data into other systems such as the Building Automation System and removing tenant and building disruption This demonstration evaluated the product features when used on a gas utility meter.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Process Intensification by One-Step, Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Synthesis of Liquid Chemicals from Light Hydrocarbons

In this project, we present a plasma-assisted, catalytic process that can handle variations in production rates and gas compositions of producing wells and reliably converts the hydrocarbons to gas phase olefins, high molecular weight alkanes, and liquid chemicals. The low-temperature plasma serves as a reactive chemical environment that activates and converts the light hydrocarbons to these valuable products. We present results from the integration of a catalyst into the low-temperature plasma zone to improve reaction efficiency and product selectivity. We show that the gas composition, bulk gas temperature, and input power of the plasma, with and without catalysts, influence the production rates of liquids from natural gas feeds.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Heteroatom-Modified and Compacted Zeolite-Templated Carbons for Gas Storage

Methane, the primary component of natural gas, is an energy-rich fuel by weight but exhibits lower energy density by volume than diesel and gasoline; efforts to increase its “volumetric” energy density have been focused on the design and synthesis of a porous scaffold that can bind the methane favorably. Novel approaches typically invoke the highly designable class of materials known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) owing to the relative difficulty of controlling carbon structure and composition precisely, without the use of a metal-based node. In this project, we instead explore the concept of carbon templating to achieve a porous scaffold with atomistically thin walls separated at a distance of ~1.2 nm, ideal for the formation of precisely two layers of methane per pore. This bottom-up templating approach permits the use of any small molecular precursor to build up the carbon scaffold, begging the question: which other elements (besides carbon) can be used to tune the surface for optimal methane binding without compromising the structure of the overall material? Boron and nitrogen were both explored and nitrogen was identified as the ideal agent for increasing methane binding to the optimal strength for use at near room temperature. Densification of the resulting materials by mechanical compaction was then explored to produce free-standing pellets with the highest methane “delivery” capacities of any known material. Here we define the amount “delivered” as the amount stored minus the amount remaining in the tank at 73 psi, the lowest useful pressure for vehicular transportation applications. The key features of the resulting methane storage system are rapid discharging and refueling speeds, extremely long cycle life (infinite cycle life for high-purity methane), a near-constant heat of refueling (making the heat generated upon refueling easier to manage), and a low maximum pressure of operation (<1500 psi), enabling the use of all-metal Type I cylinders and significantly reducing the costs of conversion of existing vehicles to cleaner burning, abundantly available natural gas). The technical effectiveness of this approach was further improved by exploring several cost-reduction strategies and investigating the reliability of such storage systems in the presence of “real” natural gas mixtures which contain a mixture of gaseous species.

03 NATURAL GAS↗