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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records

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NASA NTRS1974

Six degree of freedom FORTRAN program, ASTP docking dynamics, users guide

The digital program ASTP Docking Dynamics as outlined is intended to aid the engineer using the program to determine the docking system loads and attendant vehicular motion resulting from docking two vehicles that have an androgynous, six-hydraulic-attenuator, guide ring, docking interface similar to that designed for the Apollo/Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). This program is set up to analyze two different vehicle combinations: the Apollo CSM docking to Soyuz and the shuttle orbiter docking to another orbiter. The subroutine modifies the vehicle control systems to describe one or the other vehicle combinations; the rest of the vehicle characteristics are changed by input data. To date, the program has been used to predict and correlate ASTP docking loads and performance with docking test program results from dynamic testing. The program modified for use on IBM 360 computers. Parts of the original docking system equations in the areas of hydraulic damping and capture latches are modified to better describe the detail design of the ASTP docking system.

Mount, G. O., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1990

ASTP 15th Anniversary Clip-Media Release

This release is comprised of 5 separate clips, including the following: CL 762 Astronauts/Cosmonauts Visit to KSC and Walt Disney World; CL 739 ASTP Joint Crew Activities; CL 748 ASTP Astronauts/Cosmonauts Horlock Ranch Visit; CL 758 T-21 ASTP Training - US/USSR; and CL 743 ASTP Joint Crew Training in the Soviet Union.

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NASA NTRS2000

The NASA ASTP Combined-Cycle Propulsion Database Project

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) communicated its long-term R&D goals for aeronautics and space transportation technologies in its 1997-98 annual progress report (Reference 1). Under "Pillar 3, Goal 9" a 25-year-horizon set of objectives has been stated for the Generation 3 Reusable Launch Vehicle ("Gen 3 RLV") class of space transportation systems. An initiative referred to as "Spaceliner 100" is being conducted to identify technology roadmaps in support of these objectives. Responsibility for running "Spaceliner 100" technology development and demonstration activities have been assigned to NASA's agency-wide Advanced Space Transportation Program (ASTP) office located at the Marshall Space Flight Center. A key technology area in which advances will be required in order to meet these objectives is propulsion. In 1996, in order to expand their focus beyond "allrocket" propulsion systems and technologies (see Appendix A for further discussion), ASTP initiated technology development and demonstration work on combined-cycle airbreathing/rocket propulsion systems (ARTT Contracts NAS8-40890 through 40894). Combined-cycle propulsion (CCP) activities (see Appendix B for definitions) have been pursued in the U.S. for over four decades, resulting in a large documented knowledge base on this subject (see Reference 2). In the fall of 1999 the Combined-Cycle Propulsion Database (CCPD) project was established with the primary purpose of collecting and consolidating CCP related technical information in support of the ASTP's ongoing technology development and demonstration program. Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) was selected to perform the initial development of the Database under its existing support contract with MSFC (Contract NAS8-99060) because of the company's unique combination of capabilities in database development, information technology (IT) and CCP knowledge. The CCPD is summarized in the descriptive 2-page flyer appended to this paper as Appendix C. The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with an understanding of the objectives of the CCPD and relate the progress that has been made toward meeting those objectives.

Hyde, Eric H.↗

NASA NTRS2015

Apollo Spacesuit Modifications for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) Spacesuit

With over 50 years of experience with NASA spacesuit development and operations, as well as for early U.S. Air Force pressure suits, Jim McBarron shared his significant knowledge about modifications to the Apollo spacesuit for use in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). This included requirements and design changes implemented to establish the ASTP spacesuit design baseline. Additionally, he identified Apollo spacesuit contact details including quantity of spacesuits delivered to support the Apollo and Skylab Programs, and the ASTP. He concluded by identifying a summary of noteworthy lessons learned with recommendations for future spacesuit development.

McBarron, James W., II↗

NASA NTRS1973

ASTP ranging system mathematical model

A mathematical model is presented of the VHF ranging system to analyze the performance of the Apollo-Soyuz test project (ASTP). The system was adapted for use in the ASTP. The ranging system mathematical model is presented in block diagram form, and a brief description of the overall model is also included. A procedure for implementing the math model is presented along with a discussion of the validation of the math model and the overall summary and conclusions of the study effort. Detailed appendices of the five study tasks are presented: early late gate model development, unlock probability development, system error model development, probability of acquisition and model development, and math model validation testing.

Ellis, M. R.↗

NASA NTRS1975

ASTP experiment support data processing

Activities associated with the generation of ASTP experiment support data in the areas of spacecraft ephemeris and orientation and instrument pointing and field-of-view are documented. It is intended that this document represent a cradle-to-grave chronicle of these activities. To satisfy this intent while facilitating the ready dissemination of information, the document is being published twice. The first publication, scheduled for release prior to ASTP liftoff, includes all preflight phases of the experiment support activity in addition to those appendixes that do not pertain to any mission-specific data. The second publication will provide any required updates to the original documentation and will add all mission-specific data, including documentation of all postflight data processing activities and data archiving information.

Osburn, R. K.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Monotectic and syntectic alloys: ASTP experiment MA-044

A postflight preliminary technical evaluation is presented of the returned samples of aluminum antimonide (AlSb) syntectic compound and lead-zinc (PbZn) monotectic immiscible processed during the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission. The returned cartridges, extracted ampoules, and removed samples were examined in detail. A genesis of the experiment is given along with a summary of the efforts and various scheduled tests up to the ASTP mission. A tentative characterization plan is developed from the postflight preliminary examination which makes use of the limited number of available samples and is based on the initial observations. It is indicated that a higher degree of compositional homogeneity in aluminum antimonide was achieved under flight test conditions.

Ang, C. Y.↗

NASA NTRS1975

ASTP (SA-210) launch vehicle operational flight trajectory dispersion analysis, volume 1

In order to establish realistic deviation limits for the ASTP (SA-210) Launch Vehicle Operational Flight Trajectory, a dispersion analysis was conducted. The nominal trajectory prescribed for this analysis is the ASTP (SA-210) Launch Vehicle 500 Pound Launch Window Opening OT. The error sources considered are those associated with predictions of vehicle characteristics, vehicle systems performance, and flight environment. The nominal vehicle, the boost trajectory simulations, the error sources, the analytic procedures utilized, and the results are discussed. Launch vehicle guidance system inaccuracies were determined from the guidance error analysis. These data are composed of individual error source trajectory parameter dispersion envelopes.

Williams, N. D.↗

NASA NTRS1975

ASTP communications systems analyses and performance predictions

A research program was conducted to provide ASTP mission communication coverage and performance analyses and to analyze anomalies and special compatibility problems as they arise. The end product of the contract was spacecraft-to-ground communications performance predictions for the ASTP mission, both for direct communication links to ground and for those links via the ATS-6 relay satellite to ground. Solutions are given for the special mission anomalies and compatibility problems encountered. A brief summary describing the work activities expended is given.

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NASA NTRS1976

Crystal growth from the vapour phase (ASTP experiment MA-085)

The positive effects of microgravity on crystal quality and fundamental properties of the vapor transport reaction were established by analyzing the results of three transport experiments on multi-component systems performed during the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission. The systems employed were GeSe(0.99)Te(0.01) - GeI4 (A), GeS(0.98)Se(0.02) - GeCl4 (B), and GeS - GeCl4-Ar (C). The crystallographic analysis is based on a direct comparison of space and ground-based (prototype) crystals, employing X-ray diffraction, microprobe, microscopic, and chemical etching techniques. The results demonstrate a considerable improvement of the space-grown crystals in terms of chemical and crystalline homogeneity, surface morphology, and bulk perfection relative to ground specimens. The confirmation of greater mass transport rates than predicted for micro-gravity by present vapor transport models is of basic scientific and practical importance for the improvement of transport models and techniques on earth and for the development of a transport model for space conditions. The internal consistency and agreement between ASTP and Skylab results obtained for different compounds, transport agents, and temperature gradients strongly support the validity of these observations. The combined findings of improved crystal quality and high mass transport rates are of technological significance for space-processing applications.

Wiedemeier, H.↗

NASA NTRS1980

SPAR and ASTP studies of plane-front solidification and magnetic properties of Bi/MnBi

Eutectic and off-eutectic Bi/MnBi compositions have been directionally solidified parallel, anti-parallel and perpendicular to the gravity vector in a one-g environment and in low-gravity during the ASTP flight. MnBi rod diameter and interparticle spacing distributions are similar for all gravity vector orientations when grown at high solidification rates in one-g. Previously reported ASTP results are explained by the existence of a metastable magnetic phase and off-eutectic solidification models.

Pirich, R. G.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Apollo/Soyuz test project operational data book. Volume 2: ASTP mass properties data book

Spacecraft mass properties data are provided for use in mission planning, trajectory documentation, mission simulations, and consumable loading. Spacecraft for use in determining locations of spacecraft components and the relationship to coordinate systems in the launch and docked configuration. Mass properties and consumable loading data for the ASTP mission are included along with consumables mass property data and mission independent consumable loading information for the CSM and DM.

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NASA NTRS1974

ASTP fluid transfer measurement experiment

The ASTP fluid transfer measurement experiment flight system design concept was verified by the demonstration and test of a breadboard model. In addition to the breadboard effort, a conceptual design of the corresponding flight system was generated and a full scale mockup fabricated. A preliminary CEI specification for the flight system was also prepared.

Fogal, G. L.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Application of Markov chain theory to ASTP natural environment launch criteria at Kennedy Space Center

To aid the planning of the Apollo Soyuz Test Program (ASTP), certain natural environment statistical relationships are presented, based on Markov theory and empirical counts. The practical results are in terms of conditional probability of favorable and unfavorable launch conditions at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). They are based upon 15 years of recorded weather data which are analyzed under a set of natural environmental launch constraints. Three specific forecasting problems were treated: (1) the length of record of past weather which is useful to a prediction; (2) the effect of persistence in runs of favorable and unfavorable conditions; and (3) the forecasting of future weather in probabilistic terms.

Graves, M. E.↗

NASA NTRS1975

CSM digital autopilot testing in support of ASTP experiments control requirements

Results are presented of CSM digital autopilot (DAP) testing. The testing was performed to demonstrate and evaluate control modes which are currently planned or could be considered for use in support of experiments on the ASTP mission. The testing was performed on the Lockheed Guidance, Navigation, and Control System Functional Simulator (GNCFS). This simulator, which was designed to test the Apollo and Skylab DAP control system, has been used extensively and is a proven tool for CSM DAP analysis.

Rue, D. L.↗

NASA NTRS1974

ASTP multipurpose furnace experiments

The Apollo-Suyuz Test Project (ASTP), to be conducted jointly in 1975 by the United States and the Soviet Union, will carry a multipurpose electric furnace rather similar to that carried on the Skylab. This furnace facility will be used to process samples for seven experiments to investigate how crystals grow and molten materials solidify under near-zero-gravity conditions. An outline of the program is given.

Lundquist, C. A.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Program verification document for the ASTP flight program

The various segments of the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) flight program were verified. This included checks on the following: general verification, reference systems and transformations, launch preparations, boost navigation and guidance, orbital navigation and guidance, time bases, discretes, and interrupts, launch vehicle attitude control, switch selector processing, digital command system, real time telemetry and data compression, and algorithms.

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NASA NTRS1976

Atmospheric environment for ASTP (SA-210) launch

A summary is presented of selected atmospheric conditions observed near ASTP/SA-210 launch time on July 15, 1975, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), density, index of refraction, and wind/wind shear aloft are included. A final meteorological data tape for the ASTP launch, consisting of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, has been constructed.

Johnson, D. L.↗