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At least 19 records

Astatine partitioning between nitric acid and conventional solvents: indication of covalency in ketone complexation of AtO +

Astatine-211 has been produced at Texas A&M University on the K150 cyclotron, with a yield of 890 ± 80 MBq through the 209 Bi(α,2n) 211 At reaction via an 8 h bombardment with a beam current of 4–8 μA and an α-particle beam energy of 28.8 MeV. The target was then dissolved in HNO 3 and the extraction of 211 At was investigated into a variety of organic solvents in 1–3 M HNO 3 . Extraction of 211 At with distribution ratios as high as 11.3 ± 0.6, 12.3 ± 0.8, 42.2 ± 2.2, 69 ± 4, and 95 ± 6 were observed for diisopropyl ether, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, 3-octanone, and methyl isobutyl ketone, respectively, while the distribution ratios for 207 Bi were ≤0.05 in all cases. The extraction of 211 At into both methyl isobutyl ketone and 3-octanone showed a strong, linear dependence on the HNO 3 initial aqueous concentration and better extraction than other solvents. DFT calculations show stronger binding between the carbonyl oxygen of the ketone and the At metal center.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Self-Anchored Platinum-Decorated Antimony-Doped-Tin Oxide as a Durable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst

The lifetime of commercial Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) is circumscribed by the insufficient durability of commercial catalysts. The use of metal oxide supports in place of carbon significantly increases electrocatalyst durability. Herein, following density functional theory (DFT) predictions of improved Platinum (Pt) stability on antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) supports, we synthesized ATO whose morphology and crystal structure was engineered using a Pt anchoring technique. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the Pt anchor sites aided in the reduction of Pt precursors to Pt on the ATO surface. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) revealed the existence of strong-metal-support interactions (SMSI) between Pt and ATO. The combination of SMSI and high control over Pt dispersion enabled the Pt/Pt-aerogel-ATO (Pt supported on aerogel ATO with Pt anchor sites) electrocatalyst to achieve 2x the area specific activity of Pt/C in ex-situ testing. In a H 2 /air PEMFC Pt/Pt-aerogel-ATO cathodes enabled 20% higher peak power density and <1/6 the loss of active surface area as compared to Pt/C. Notably, in a PEMFC under rigorous potential cycling, the Pt/Pt-aerogel-ATO retained its initial peak power density as opposed to a 58% loss for Pt/C. Further, cost models indicate that Pt/Pt-aerogel-ATO is 26% less expensive than Pt/C over its useful lifetime.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Complexation of Astatine(III) with Ketones: Roles of NO 3 – Counterion and Exploration of Possible Binding Modes

Ketones have been proven effective in extracting astatine(III) from aqueous solvents. Previous theoretical studies suggested a mechanism where the “sp 2 ” lone pair on the carbonyl oxygen donates electron density into the π system of the AtO + molecular cation to form a dative-type bond. In this study, co-extraction of NO 3 – as AtO(NO 3 )·(O=CR 1 R 2 ) species into the organic phase appears to be a key factor. Adjusting the electronic properties of the ketone, by having an aryl group instead of an alkyl group in the alpha position of the ketone, increased the electron density on C=O, increased the bond strength between the ketone and AtO + , and in turn increased the extraction of 211 At into the organic phase. Extraction with diketones shows dependence on the bridging distance between the two carbonyl moieties, where a C 3 or longer bridge results in a 10-fold increase in extraction into the organic phase. Furthermore, DFT calculations show the longer bridge allows for the chelation of AtO(NO 3 ) by either the second carbonyl or the phenyl ring.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Uptake and Binding of At‐211 Into K‐ and Cs‐Derivatives of Alpha‐Zirconium Phosphate Nanoplatelets for Use as a Targeted Alpha Therapy Delivery Platform

The ion exchange behavior of K- and Cs-derivatives of α-zirconium phosphate, A-ZrP, with the targeted alpha therapy (TAT) radionuclide 211 At, as At + and AtO + , has been investigated. The K-ZrP shows strong affinity for both At+ and AtO + , ≥99% uptake. The affinity to Cs-ZrP was less pronounced, 87%–94% uptake, favoring At + . The binding strength was tested against several leaching solutions, including carbonate, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffers, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions at various concentrations (0.1–10 mM). K-ZrP retained 211 At in all buffer and EDTA solutions up to 1 mM (<0.5% leaching). The Cs-ZrP showed no leaching of At + , while AtO + leached (1%–3%) in the carbonate and HEPES buffers, along with all of the EDTA solutions, with complete retention only in the PBS buffer. In all cases, when the EDTA concentration reached 10 mM, 211 At leaching was observed. Once incorporated into the ZrP nanoplatelets, significant shielding of the α-particles was observed, not only attenuating the intensity of the emission but also reducing the energy of the α-particles themselves exiting the nanoplatelets. These properties provide the basis for K-ZrP, and to a lesser extent, Cs-ZrP to be further considered as potentially promising candidates for a delivery mechanism of 211 At for application in TAT.

astatine-211↗

Utilizing the unique charge extraction properties of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles for efficient and stable organic photovoltaics

Simultaneously enhancing device performance and longevity, as well as balancing the requirements on cost, scalability, and simplification of processing, is the goal of interface engineering of organic solar cells (OSCs). In our work, we strategically introduce antimony (Sb 3+ ) cations into an efficient and generic n-type SnO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) host during the scalable flame spray pyrolysis synthesis. Accordingly, a significant switch of conduction property from an n-type character to a p-type character is observed, with a corresponding shift in the work function (WF) from 4.01 ± 0.02 eV for pristine SnO 2 NPs to 5.28 ± 0.02 eV for SnO 2 NPs with 20 mol. % Sb content (ATO). Both pristine SnO 2 and ATO NPs with fine-tuned optoelectronic properties exhibit remarkable charge carrier extraction properties, excellent UV resistance and photo-stability being compatible with various state-of-the-art OSCs systems. The reliable and scalable pristine SnO 2 and ATO NPs processed by doctor-blading in air demand no complex post-treatment. Our work offers a simple but unique approach to accelerate the development of advanced interfacial materials, which could circumvent the major existing interfacial problems in solution-processed OSCs.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Alumina–Titania Nanolaminate Condensers for Hot Programmable Catalysis

Nanolaminates composed of thin alternating layers of Al2O 3 and TiO 2 (ATO) were engineered by using atomic layer deposition as the dielectric material for a Pt-on-carbon catalytic condenser. Investigation assessed synthesis parameters including the deposition temperature, Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 layer thicknesses, total number of layers, and a capping Al 2 O 3 layer on the maximum charge accumulation in the Pt catalyst. The highest capacitance ATO configuration demonstrated a specific capacitance of ∼1200 nF/cm 2 with working voltages of ±5 V, enabling the storage of 4 × 10 13 electrons or holes per cm 2 at room temperature. The ATO devices exhibited enhanced capacitance at elevated temperatures of up to 400 °C, suggesting the suitability of these materials for high-temperature applications. Adsorption of carbon monoxide on the Pt/C-ATO device characterized by grazing incidence infrared spectroscopy showed changes in the surface binding energy of 13.1 ± 0.8 kJ/mol for an applied external voltage bias of ±1 V.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Iron(II) monosulfide (FeS) minerals reductively transform the insensitive munitions compounds 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO)

As military applications of the insensitive munitions compounds (IMCs) 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) increase, there is a growing need to understand their environmental fate and to develop remediation strategies to mitigate their impacts. Iron (II) monosulfide (FeS) minerals are abundant in freshwater and marine sediments, marshes, and hydrothermal environments. Here, this study shows that FeS solids can reduce DNAN and NTO to their corresponding amines under anoxic ambient conditions. The reactions between IMCs and the FeS minerals were surface-mediated since they did not occur when only dissolved Fe 2+ (aq) and S 2– (aq) were present. Mackinawite, a tetragonal FeS with a layered structure, reduced DNAN mainly to 2-methoxy-5-nitroaniline (MENA), which in turn was partially reduced to 2-4-diaminoanisole (DAAN). The layered structure of mackinawite provided intercalation sites likely responsible for partial adsorption of MENA and DAAN. Mackinawite entirely reduced NTO to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO). The reduction of IMCs showed concurrent oxidation of mackinawite to goethite and elemental sulfur. A commercial FeS product, composed mainly of pyrrhotite and troilite, reduced DNAN to DAAN and NTO to ATO. At pH 6.5, DNAN and NTO transformation rates were 667 and 912 μmol h –1 m –2 , respectively, on the mackinawite surface and 417 and 1344 μmol h –1 m –2 , respectively, on the commercial FeS surface. This is the first report of the reduction of a nitro-heterocyclic compound (NTO) by FeS minerals. The evidence indicates that DNAN and NTO can be rapidly transformed to their succeeding amines in anoxic subsurface environments and aquatic sediments rich in FeS minerals.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Automation for Distributed Energy Resources Risk Manager Using OSCAL

The risk management framework (RMF) provides a well-organized and thorough approach to diagnose information technology (IT) system threats, to gather required materials to comply with industry standards, and to document a plan for achieving authority to operate (ATO). ATO is given by the operating authority with the awareness of vulnerabilities that arise when operating the IT system. The primary goal of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) distributed energy resource (DER) RM application is to provide a user-friendly interface and in-depth guidance for generating the authorization package for the authorizing official to review. In other words, the application satisfies steps 1 through 7 of the RMF process with a focus on DERs.

cybersecurity↗

Quantum Divide and Compute: Exploring the Effect of Different Noise Sources

Abstract Our recent work (Ayral et al. in Proceedings of IEEE computer society annual symposium on VLSI, ISVLSI, pp 138–140, 2020. 10.1109/ISVLSI49217.2020.00034 ) showed the first implementation of the Quantum Divide and Compute (QDC) method, which allows to break quantum circuits into smaller fragments with fewer qubits and shallower depth. This accommodates the limited number of qubits and short coherence times of quantum processors. This article investigates the impact of different noise sources—readout error, gate error and decoherence—on the success probability of the QDC procedure. We perform detailed noise modeling on the Atos Quantum Learning Machine, allowing us to understand tradeoffs and formulate recommendations about which hardware noise sources should be preferentially optimized. We also describe in detail the noise models we used to reproduce experimental runs on IBM’s Johannesburg processor. This article also includes a detailed derivation of the equations used in the QDC procedure to compute the output distribution of the original quantum circuit from the output distribution of its fragments. Finally, we analyze the computational complexity of the QDC method for the circuit under study via tensor-network considerations, and elaborate on the relation the QDC method with tensor-network simulation methods.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

Separation, speciation, and mechanism of astatine and bismuth extraction from nitric acid into 1-octanol and methyl anthranilate

We report a detailed study of At and Bi extraction from nitric acid media into conventional solvents, namely 1-octanol and methyl anthranilate, has been performed. The analysis includes a mathematical modeling which allows the fitting of experimental data and determination of extraction constants of the two above mentioned elements. Also, this approach helped to estimate a stability constant of a weak AtO(NO3) complex along with thermodynamic constants describing the redox process of At species in the acidic solution and formation of an adduct of Bi in the presence of methyl anthranilate. The results of the fitting have been used to calculate corresponding separation factors of Bi and At as well. Moreover, a computational study has been performed to evaluate At interaction with the above mentioned solvents.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Probing the Redox Reactivity of Alkyl Bound Astatine: A Study on the Formation and Cleavage of a Stable At–C Bond

The formation of a stable alkyl At–C bond occurs during the shipment of 211 At on a 3-octanone-impregnated column and the reactivity of 211 At stripped from columns has been studied. The 211 At could not be recovered from the 3-octanone organic phase using nitric acid or sodium hydroxide, even up to 10 and 15.7 M, respectively. Several reducing and oxidizing agents, including hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ascorbic acid, ceric ammonium nitrate, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, and calcium hypochlorite were used to promote the recovery of 211 At. The most effective reducing agent was hydroxylamine, where ~70% of the 211 At was recovered, while among oxidizing agents ceric ammonium nitrate, potassium permanganate, and sodium hypochlorite all showed near quantitative recovery of 211 At. These results indicate an At–C bond is being formed during the shipment of the column and a redox reaction is required for bond cleavage to occur. Furthermore, DFT calculations have been used to propose several products of an AtO + -3-octanone reaction, with 4-astato-5-hydroxy-octa-3-one being the most probable.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Highly Durable and Active Pt/Sb-Doped SnO 2 Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts Produced by Atomic Layer Deposition

Platinum supported on mixed-metal oxides (MMOs) are a class of active and durable cathode catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) due to a combination of the high oxidative stability of the supports and strong-metal-support interactions (SMSI) that enable them to exceed the activity of Pt/C. Herein, we solve a significant remaining challenge with Pt/MMO systems, namely the relatively low surface area and porosity. This is achieved by dispersing nearly-uniform Pt clusters using atomic layer deposition (ALD) on highly conductive (6.2 S/cm) and stable antimony doped tin dioxide (ATO) support. ALD-Pt/ATO exhibited significantly higher electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) (74 m 2 /g) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity (102 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE) compared to Pt/ATO synthesized using ethylene glycol (ECSA=31 m 2 /g Pt , mass activity=52 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE) and formic acid reduction methods (ECSA=28 m 2 /g Pt , mass activity=46 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE). Further characterization showed that wet chemical methods resulted in poorer Pt particle dispersion, poor control over Pt particle size distribution and chemical degradation of the support (during Pt deposition). Given the near-ideal Pt particle size distribution of the ALD-Pt/ATO, particle size growth and loss of ECSA was found to be minimal over the course of rigorous potential cycling. Thus, after 10,000 potential cycles between 1V and 1.5V vs. RHE, ALD-Pt/ATO and other Pt/ATOs were found to retain 100% of their initial ECSA compared to 57.6% retention for Pt/C. Upon testing in a H 2 /air PEMFC, following 1,000 potential cycles, the change in ALD-Pt/ATO performance was negligible while Pt/C exhibited a 68.2% loss of initial peak power density. Thus, ALD-Pt/ATO is an active and highly durable ORR electrocatalyst in PEMFCs under start-up-shut down conditions.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Ion exchange behavior of astatine and bismuth

Astatine and bismuth sorption on several ion exchange resins from nitric acid media has been studied. This work covers commercially available resins Dowex 50 × 4, MP thiol, Dowex 1 × 8, and TEVA. One of the main advantages of using ion exchangers for astatine separation and purification is the absence of any organic media in the effluent in comparison with extraction chromatography resins. The behavior of the above-mentioned metals was investigated in up to 4 M HNO 3 solutions. The determined distribution coefficients are greater than 1 for all the resins studied, reaching 10 4 for MP thiol and TEVA resins. The interaction of nitric acid with an anion exchanger in Cl-form results in an exchange reaction, where AtO + chloro complexes can form. To understand the astatine behavior under these conditions, stability constants of AtOCl and AtOCl 2 – complexes have been reevaluated and discrepancy in the literature values has been eliminated. For each resin a thermodynamic model has been developed to suggest a possible mechanism of astatine sorption. Literature and new experimental data on bismuth sorption by studying resins in nitric acid media have been reviewed and a mathematical model to describe its behavior has been suggested. Furthermore, a ratio of corresponding fit functions of At and Bi assigned to the same resin and acidity has been used to estimate the separation factors of these elements.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Materials Data on Na8Al11Si13(AgO16)3 by Materials Project

Na8Al11Si13(AgO16)3 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are eight inequivalent Na sites. In the first Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.34–2.82 Å. In the second Na site, Na is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.71 Å. In the third Na site, Na is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two O atoms. There are one shorter (2.16 Å) and one longer (2.20 Å) Na–O bond lengths. In the fourth Na site, Na is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.45 Å. In the fifth Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.93 Å. In the sixth Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.81 Å. In the seventh Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.90 Å. In the eighth Na site, Na is bonded in a distorted pentagonal planar geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.27–2.75 Å. There are three inequivalent Ag sites. In the first Ag site, Ag is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.43 Å. In the second Ag site, Ag is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.72 Å. In the third Ag site, Ag is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.55 Å. There are eleven inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.74–1.78 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.82 Å. In the third Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.81 Å. In the fourth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.79 Å. In the fifth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.71–1.83 Å. In the sixth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.76 Å. In the seventh Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.71–1.80 Å. In the eighth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.69–1.82 Å. In the ninth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.68–1.80 Å. In the tenth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.80 Å. In the eleventh Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.80 Å. There are thirteen inequivalent Si sites. In the first Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. In the second Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.65 Å. In the third Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the fourth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the fifth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.65 Å. In the sixth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.69 Å. In the seventh Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the eighth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. In the ninth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.59–1.67 Å. In the tenth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.67 Å. In the eleventh Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.66 Å. In the twelfth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.58–1.67 Å. In the thirteenth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.67 Å. There are forty-eight inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the eighth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the ninth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the tenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the eleventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twelfth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the thirteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the fourteenth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fifteenth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Al and one Si atom. In the sixteenth O site, O is bonded in a linear geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the seventeenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the eighteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the nineteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twentieth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the twenty-first O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-second O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Al atoms. In the twenty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Al and one Si atom. In the twenty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-eighth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-ninth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirtieth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-first O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-third O site, O is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-eighth O site, O is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the thirty-ninth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the fortieth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-first O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-second O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the forty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li5V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li5V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.31 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 65–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.41 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.38 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.23 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.22 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.13 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.18 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.33 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.23 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.57 Å. There are six inequivalent V+4.33+ sites. In the first V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–1.98 Å. In the second V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.82–2.02 Å. In the third V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.01 Å. In the fourth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.02 Å. In the fifth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.05 Å. In the sixth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.04 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 35–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–53°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–55°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.61 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li5V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li5V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.16 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.20 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–67°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.17 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.26 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.25 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.22 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.22 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.19 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.25 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.24 Å. There are six inequivalent V+4.33+ sites. In the first V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.98 Å. In the second V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.01 Å. In the third V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–1.99 Å. In the fourth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.82–2.03 Å. In the fifth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.02 Å. In the sixth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.00 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 34–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 28–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li7V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li7V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are fourteen inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.18 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.15 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–68°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.21 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–69°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.21 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.16 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.19 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.18 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 68–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–2.35 Å. In the eleventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 68–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.34 Å. In the twelfth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.17 Å. In the thirteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.57 Å. In the fourteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.57 Å. There are six inequivalent V+3.67+ sites. In the first V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.06 Å. In the second V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.83–2.02 Å. In the third V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–1.99 Å. In the fourth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.99 Å. In the fifth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.01 Å. In the sixth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.06 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.58 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.58 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.63 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–44°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.59 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ ato

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