Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “Advanced Photon Source”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Measurements of source emittance and beam coherence properties of the upgraded Advanced Photon Source

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) has been upgraded with a multi-bend achromat lattice, achieving significantly reduced electron beam emittance and enhanced X-ray coherence. Precise characterization of these properties is essential for optimizing beamline performance and enabling new experiments that take full advantage of the upgraded source. We report on measurements of source size and transverse coherence properties using grating interferometry at two beamlines: the APS 3-ID-B undulator beamline and the 1-BM-B bending magnet beamline. The results confirm the world-record horizontal emittance of the upgraded APS below 30 pm rad and validate the theoretical design parameters. We further investigate the impact of optical aberrations and mechanical vibrations at the 12-ID-C beamline on coherence preservation. These measurements establish a benchmark for future beamline enhancements and demonstrate the effectiveness of grating interferometry for high-precision beam characterization. Our findings provide critical insights into synchrotron beam dynamics, coherence degradation mechanisms, and strategies for optimizing beamline X-ray optics at next-generation light sources.

Advanced Photon Source↗
DOE OSTI2022

GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13) at the Advanced Photon Source: a comprehensive synchrotron radiation facility for Earth science research at ambient and extreme conditions

GeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) is a comprehensive analytical laboratory for Earth and environmental science research using X-ray beams from the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. State-of-the-art instruments are available for (1) high-pressure/high- or low-temperature diffraction, total scattering, and spectroscopy (Brillouin, Raman, and VIS-IR) using the laser heated diamond anvil cell (DAC); (2) high-pressure/high-temperature diffraction, scattering, and imaging as well as acoustic emission (AE) and ultrasonics using the large-volume press (LVP); (3) powder, single crystal, and surface/interface diffraction; (4) X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; (5) X-ray fluorescence microprobe analysis; and (6) microtomography. As shown here, experiments are facilitated by senior level staff who collaborate on all aspects of the analytical work including experiment design, sample preparation, data collection, data interpretation, and publication preparation. Both technical and scientific synergies occur as a result of the intimate association of the various techniques and scientists experienced in the applications of synchrotron radiation to Earth, environmental, and planetary science problems. The facility includes state-of-the-art instrumentation designed and built in-house, including custom X-ray optics, online and offline laser-based systems, specialized sample environments and positioning systems, as well as pixel-array and multi-crystal energy dispersive X-ray detectors, which are available to be shared among the experimental stations.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Dynamic Exploding Foil Initiator Imaging at the Advanced Photon Source

Recent advances in diagnostics coupled with synchrotron sources have allowed the in-situ investigation of exploding foil initiators (EFI) during flight. Herein, we present the first images of EFIs during flight utilizing x-ray phase contrast imaging at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) located in Argonne National Laboratory. These images have provided the DOE/DoD community with unprecedented images resolving details on the micron scale of the flyer formation, plasma instabilities and in-flight characteristics along with the subsequent interaction with high explosives on the nanosecond time scale. Phase contrast imaging has allowed the ability to make dynamic measurements on the length and time scale necessary to resolve initiator function and provide insight to key design parameters. These efforts have also probed the fundamental physics at “burst” to better understand what burst means in a physical sense, rather than the traditional understanding of burst as a peak in voltage and increase in resistance. This fundamental understanding has led to increased knowledge on the mechanisms of burst and has allowed us to improve our predictive capability through magnetohydrodnamic modeling. This manuscript presents results from several EFI designs along with a look to the future for upcoming work.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Progress of Mechanical Design of Nanopositioning Stages at the Advanced Photon Source

Here, we present the upgraded Advanced Photon Source (APS) will be optimized to produce hard X-rays with a high degree of spatial coherence, and will exceed the capabilities of today's synchrotrons by two to three orders of magnitude in brightness and coherent flux in the hard X-ray range [1]. It will particularly benefit techniques such as advanced X-ray nanoprobes for nanoscale imaging, nanospectroscopy, and nanodiffraction. It will also benefit coherent diffractive imaging and ptychography with spatial resolution approaching atomic length scales and permitting time-resolved studies [2]. Meanwhile, many beamlines will be upgraded to take advantage of the smaller emittance for nanofocusing and nano-scale imaging. All of these methodologies will need novel precision X-ray instruments, including nanopositioning stages, to make full use of the new diffraction-limited storage ring capabilities. Although commercial companies produce a wide variety of state-of-the-art nanopositioning stages, there are specific scientific research goals that cannot be addressed adequately with commercial products. In these cases, it is necessary to push the engineering limits and develop in-house, customized nanopositioning stages to meet the scientific research goals. In this technical report, we outline the progress of mechanical designs of APS-developed nanopositioning instrumentation for synchrotron radiation instrumentation (SRI) applications. First, we describe flexure stages that use both overconstrained weak-link mechanisms and commercial flexure pivots. Finally, we describe a new, highly stable stage system for hard X-ray microscopy applications, called the Velociprobe.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Opportunities of Soft Materials Research at Advanced Photon Source

The storage ring of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) will be upgraded to a fourth-generation ring after more than two decades of operation. During its operation as a 7 GeV ring, scattering beamlines have been built to support soft matter research programs to take advantage of the high flux and high energy beam provided by the ring. Further, the 6 GeV multi-bend achromat storage ring installed by the APS-Upgrade (APS-U) will provide new opportunities for the scattering beamlines. In this news, activities of those APS beamlines in conjunction with the APS-U will be briefly reviewed along with some recent technical highlights of their soft matter research programs.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

APS Science 2019 (V.1): Research and Engineering Highlights from the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory

The Advanced Photon Source Facility at Argonne National Laboratory The APS, a national synchrotron radiation research facility operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, and Argonne National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science-Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, provides this nation’s brightest high-energy x-ray beams for science. Research by APS users extends from the center of the Earth to outer space, from new information on batteries, combustion engines and microcircuits, to new and improved pharmaceuticals, and nanotechnologies whose scale is measured in billionths of a meter. The APS helps researchers illuminate answers to the challenges of our high-tech world, from developing new forms of energy to sustaining our nation’s technological and economic competitiveness to pushing back against the ravages of disease. Research at the APS promises to have far-reaching impact on our technology, our economy, our health, and fundamental knowledge of the materials that make up our world.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project Final Design Report

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory is a world leading synchrotron source of high energy x-rays, one of five light sources operated under the stewardship of the Department of Energy Office of Science / Office of Basic Energy Science. The APS enables experimental research of thousands of laboratory, university and industrial users each year conducting fundamental research to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and energy at the electronic,atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies and US national interests in energy, environment, and national security. The APS has operated in this manner for over 20 years.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Development of X-ray Wavefront Sensing Techniques for Adaptive Optics Control at the Advanced Photon Source

The planning and construction of new and upgraded high-brightness X-ray synchrotron and free electron laser sources, such as the Advanced Photon Source upgrade project (APS-U), are driving numerous opportunities to advance X-ray science and technologies. At the same time, an increasing number of highly diverse beamline experiments demand wavefront-preserving adaptive X-ray optics with both high precision and flexibility. At the APS, significant effort has been devoted to developing next-generation adaptive and corrective optics combined with state-of-the-art at-wavelength wavefront sensing techniques and an intelligent feedback control system for the automation and self-alignment of beamline optical systems. This article reviews recent achievements in these areas at the APS. Further, these include the development of in-situ wavefront sensing, the application in active feedback control of ultra-precision deformable mirrors, and the exploration of non-invasive wavefront sensing techniques for adaptive optics and beamline diagnostics.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2022

Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a 1.9 m Long, 16.5 mm Period NbTi Superconducting Undulator for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade

Superconducting undulator (SCU) technology has been in use at the Advanced Photon Source since 2013. Due to the successful and reliable operation of the existing SCUs, the Advanced Photon Source upgrade project has decided to expand the use of NbTi-based SCUs. The first new magnets to be designed and fabricated are 1.9 m long with a period length of 16.5 mm. NbTi superconductor is used for coil winding and there are four separate coils wound on the mandrel to produce the main undulator field along with end compensation and distributed dipole compensation. The magnetic design, fabrication details, assembly, and testing are described in detail.

NbTi.↗
DOE OSTI2026

Status and new features of the topography beamline 1-BM after the Advanced Photon Source upgrade

The beamline 1-BM of the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a bending-magnet beamline with an effective X-ray beam size of ~100×4 mm2, has relatively comprehensive synchrotron topography and rocking curve imaging capabilities for characterization of crystals (particularly wide-bandgap semiconductors SiC, AlN, GaN, Ga2O3 etc). It is equipped with a white-beam topography stage for imaging large wafers up to 8 inches. It also has a double-crystal setup, of which the second stage can be used for monochromatic-beam topography. The first stage has different beam conditioners in the grazing-incidence geometry that can expand the vertical beam size from 4 to ~100 mm for double-crystal rocking curve imaging when it is combined with the second stage. Recently APS has been upgraded to a modern 4th-generation light source, and 1-BM has been recommissioned to its normal operation for general users with better performance. The upgraded APS leads to new features at 1-BM. The much smaller source size and higher X-ray coherence significantly improve the image resolution and contrast. The higher flux and brightness of the new source reduce exposure time, which mitigates the mechanical drifting and vibration issues. Here the main capabilities and status of 1-BM together with these new features are introduced.

X-ray topography↗
DOE OSTI2022

NNSA Advanced Photon Source Sector Opportunities Workshop (Workshop Summary)

An NNSA-Argonne National Laboratory workshop to define NNSA and external partner mission needs and opportunities at the Advanced Photon Source was held February 15-17, 2022. This workshop summary provides a fresh look at NNSA’s evolving mission needs, partner agency and university interests, x-ray photon characteristics, and technical requirements to meet those needs. The workshop was organized according to four breakout groups: Coupling dynamic drivers to a synchrotron, High explosives and chemical sciences, Process-structure-performance: X-ray experiments to understand materials behaviors, and Process-structure-performance: manufacturing and aging. This summary report describes the workshop outcomes, and the preliminary conceptual design for a dedicated Defense Materials Science Sector (DMSS) at the Advanced Photon Source.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

FY23 Status Report of the Activated Materials Laboratory at the Advanced Photon Source

The Activated Materials Laboratory (AML) is a new radiological facility located at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) in Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), adjacent to the high-energy x-ray microscopy (HEXM) beamline in the long beamline building (LBB) constructed under the APS-upgrade (APS-U) project. The AML is a centralized facility to facilitate the safe conduct of experiments on activated materials at the APS. This report provides an overview of the status of the AML as a Nuclear Science User Facilities (NSUF) partner user facility in preparation for the general user access in 2024 upon the commissioning of the APS-U beamlines. Specifically, details are provided regarding the laboratory's scope, functionality, components, operational blueprint, and data management approach. The plans on augmenting the instrumentation, refining operational procedures and developing a robust data management strategy for FY24 and beyond are also discussed.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Development of combined microstructure and structure characterization facility for in situ and operando studies at the Advanced Photon Source

Following many years of evolutionary development, first at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and then at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory, the APS ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) facility has been transformed by several new developments. These comprise a conversion to higher-order crystal optics and higher X-ray energies as the standard operating mode, rapid fly scan measurements also as a standard operational mode, automated contiguous pinhole small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements at intermediate scattering vectors, and associated rapid wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) measurements for X-ray diffraction without disturbing the sample geometry. With each mode using the USAXS incident beam optics upstream of the sample, USAXS/SAXS/WAXS measurements can now be made within 5 min, allowing in situ and operando measurement capabilities with great flexibility under a wide range of sample conditions. Furthermore, these developments are described, together with examples of their application to investigate materials phenomena of technological importance. Developments of two novel USAXS applications, USAXS-based X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and USAXS imaging, are also briefly reviewed.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2025

A new capability facilitating nuclear materials research: the Activated Materials Laboratory at the Advanced Photon Source

The Activated Materials Laboratory (AML), located in the Long Beamline Building (LBB) of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), serves as a centralized radiological facility for preparing radioactive samples for APS beamline experiments. The AML is equipped to receive shipments, handle open-form radioactive materials, encapsulate samples, and transport samples to-and-from beamline end-stations. The AML works closely with users and the APS radiological safety committee to make sure the safe conduct of experiments.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Demonstration of a code coupling framework for modeling beam-collimator impacts in the advanced photon source

The high-brightness beams being produced in current and future accelerators present new machine protection concerns with the potential for high-energy-density (HED) conditions ( >100 J/mm 3 ) in beam-intercepting components. Simulating HED conditions in accelerators requires utilizing a suite of physics codes for particle dynamics, particle-matter interactions, and hydrodynamics. This paper describes a method of coupling the codes elegant, fluka, and flash to simulate the effects of a rapid beam loss in the advanced photon source storage ring and the resulting interaction of the beam and collimators. This paper expands previous work [J. Dooling et al., Collimator irradiation studies at the advanced photon source, in Proceedings of the IBIC-2023 (2023), pp. 245–249] by introducing a definition of the evolving geometry of the collimator surface as well as providing methods for simulating the absorption of synchrotron radiation and tracking shower particles produced during beam strikes. We demonstrate this framework by simulating machine conditions of the APS ring before and after its recent upgrade. Simulation results are compared with observed damage to collimators and test samples taken from the APS ring.

Accelerator/storage ring control systems↗
DOE OSTI2020

Radiation shielding analysis of the concrete hutch of a long beamline of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project

The radiation shielding analysis of the external concrete enclosure of a feature long beamline of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project is described in this work. The beamline has 2 undulators that can operate in two different configurations and the source terms are estimated for the worst configuration using the SRW code in the OASYS package as well as the STAC8 code. The shielding analysis is carried out using the STAC8 code, and for the case of pink beam, with the FLUKA code also. Effective dose rates on contact with the outside surface of the concrete walls for pink, reflected full spectrum and monochromatic beams are calculated. For the monochromatic beams, 2 sets of discrete bandwidths (BW) from the Double Crystal Monochromator (DCM) and the full reflectance of the Double Multilayer Monochromator (DMM) are used. Further, due to the size of the direct beam and the energy domain of interest in the direct and scattered fields, the importance of the equivalent dose to the lens of the eye is discussed with respect to the shielding calculations of such facilities. The dose rates outside the concrete hutch in the lateral directions calculated using STAC8 is about 50% higher than the FLUKA results for the case of pink beam but may be considered as a reasonable agreement due to the differences in the calculational methodologies. Those dose rates in the lateral and forward directions are higher for the pink beam to allow full occupancy from the radiation protection point of view. For the full spectrum after 3 reflections, the effective dose rates are less than 0.5 Sv/h in the lateral direction but is higher in the forward region below about 22° with respect to the beam direction. For the DCM beams, except for the scenario with one mirror and 0.1%BW, all dose rates are less than 0.5 Sv/h outside the concrete hutch in the lateral directions. Here, the higher harmonics are what contributes to the dose outside the shield and the bandwidths assumed to derive the photon flux thus becomes important. The dose rates with the DMM are generally lower compared to the 0.1% BW DCM beam but are higher than the results obtained with XOP calculated bandwidths.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2023

Empowering Scientific Discovery Through Computing at the Advanced Photon Source

This paper explores the challenges and solutions for managing and processing the vast amount of data generated by the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a synchrotron light source facility producing ultra-bright x-rays for diverse scientific domains. With 68 experimental beamlines covering materials research, biology, and more, the APS serves a wide user base across academia, government, and industry. The ongoing upgrade of the APS storage ring and installation of new instruments will amplify data generation and processing demands. This paper discusses the approach to address these demands through automated data processing using standardized workflows that produce faster scientific insights. The APS Data Management System coordinates various data related tasks to manage storage, data transfer, metadata cataloging, data processing, and interfaces with tools provided by Globus. Through integration with the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF), APS users can efficiently access high-performance computing resources. Standardized workflows have led to reduced computational burdens on scientists and greater accessibility of high performance computing resources. We demonstrate how standardization and collaboration enable scientists to rapidly convert raw data into meaningful scientific results, establishing a streamlined path from data collection to analysis and ultimately to publication.

Parraga, Hannah↗
DOE OSTI2019

Nanopositioning Flexure Stages Development for Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation at the Advanced Photon Source

Nanopositioning techniques present an important capability to support the state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation instrumentation research for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) operations and upgrade project. To overcome the performance limitations of precision ball-bearing-based or roller-bearing-based stage systems, compact nanopositioning flexure stages have been designed and developed at the APS for x-ray beamline instrumentation applications. Recent progress of such stages development is discussed in this paper, which includes: rotary flexure stages with degrees travel range and 10-nrad-level resolution for x-ray monochromators and analysers, tip-tilting flexure stages for K-B mirror based nanofocusing hard x-ray optics, and linear vertical and horizontal nanopositioning flexure stages with centimeter-level travel range and microradian-level motion trajectory reproducibility for x-ray optics and sample manipulation. The mechanical design and preliminary test results are described in this paper.

Nanopositioning, X-ray optics, synchrotron radiati↗