Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “CADMIUM 113”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

14 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2011

Neutron production in the interaction of 2-GeV protons with nuclei

The double-differential cross sections for neutron production in the interactions of 2-GeV protons with Be, Al, Cu, Cd, and Pb nuclei were measured by the time-of-flight method in the region of angles larger than 30 Degree-Sign . The respective experimental data are analyzed within the phenomenological model of four moving sources, including those associated with neutron emission in primary nucleon-nucleon collisions, the decay of a hot source (fireball), the multifragmentation process, and the deexcitation of nuclear fragments via neutron evaporation. Temperature-parameter values are universal for all sources and are virtually independent of the target nucleus and of the projectile energy in the region above 0.5 GeV. It is found that, for all of the above reactions, the relative contribution to the mean neutron multiplicity from the decay of a hot source and multifragmentation is about 41%.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2010

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 113

This evaluation for A = 113 updates one by J. Blachot, (2005Bl05), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 104, 791 (2005)

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Electron screening effect in (p,n) and (p,γ) reactions

To investigate the electron screening effect we compared γ-ray and neutron yields in different metals and insulators (Mn, V and Cd – metals and MnO, VO{sub 2} and CdO – insulators) for the proton induced nuclear reactions {sup 55}Mn(p,n){sup 55}Fe, {sup 55}Mn(p,γ){sup 56}Fe, {sup 113}Cd(p,n){sup 113}In and {sup 51}V(p,γ){sup 52}Cr. We also looked for shifts in resonance energy for metallic compared to insulator targets.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Role of thermal and photobeta decays in processes of nucleosynthesis of problematic p nuclei of {sup 113}In, {sup 115}Sn, {sup 92},{sup 94}Mo, and {sup 96},{sup 98}Ru in massive stars

The temperature dependence of the rates of {sup 113}Cd {yields}{sup 113}In, {sup 115}In {yields}{sup 115}Sn, {sup 92}Zr{yields}{sup 92}Nb {yields}{sup 92}Mo, {sup 94}Zr{yields}{sup 94}Nb {yields}{sup 94}Mo, {sup 96}Mo {yields}{sup 96}Tc{yields}{sup 96}Ru, and {sup 98}Mo{yields}{sup 98}Tc{yields}{sup 98}Ru thermal beta transitions was studied at temperatures of massive-star matter in the range of 1 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 8}-6 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 9} K. These decays are the possible channel of synthesis of the p nuclei of {sup 113}In, {sup 115}Sn, {sup 92},{sup 94}Mo, and {sup 96},{sup 98}Ru. The abundances of these nuclei present a challenge for models that study the explosivemechanism of synthesis. The contribution of photobeta decay to the synthesis of the aforementioned p nuclei was estimated. It was shown that the channel of thermal beta decay for {sup 113}In, {sup 115}Sn, {sup 94}Mo, and {sup 98}Ru p nuclei and the channel of photobeta decay for the {sup 96}Mo p nucleus could be efficient at the high-temperature quasiequilibrium stage of massive-star evolution.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Hexagonal Uniformly Redundant Arrays (HURAs) for scintillator based coded aperture neutron imaging

A series of Monte Carlo simulations have been conducted, making use of the EJ-426 neutron scintillator detector, to investigate the potential of using hexagonal uniformly redundant arrays (HURAs) for scintillator based coded aperture neutron imaging. This type of scintillator material has a low sensitivity to gamma rays, therefore, is of particular use in a system with a source that emits both neutrons and gamma rays. The simulations used an AmBe source, neutron images have been produced using different coded-aperture materials (boron- 10, cadmium-113 and gadolinium-157) and location error has also been estimated. In each case the neutron image clearly shows the location of the source with a relatively small location error. Neutron images with high resolution can be easily used to identify and locate nuclear materials precisely in nuclear security and nuclear decommissioning applications. (authors)

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2015

Production of isotopes and isomers with irradiation of Z = 47–50 targets by 23-MeV bremsstrahlung

The irradiations of Ag to Sn targets by bremsstrahlung generated with 23-MeV electron beams are performed at the MT-25 microtron. Gamma spectra of the induced activities have been measured and the yields of all detected radionuclides and isomers are carefully measured and analyzed. A regular dependence of yields versus changed reaction threshold is confirmed. Many isomers are detected and the suppression of the production probability is observed with growing product spin. Special peculiarities for the isomer-to-ground state ratios were deduced for the {sup 106m}Ag, {sup 108m}Ag, {sup 113m}In, {sup 115m}In, and {sup 123m}Sn isomers. The production of such nuclides as {sup 108m}Ag, {sup 115m}In, {sup 117g}In, and {sup 113m}Cd is of interest for applications, especially when economic methods are available.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Note: A novel design of a microwave feed for a microwave frequency standard with a linear ion trap

Linear ion traps are important tools in many applications, particularly in mass spectrum analyzers and frequency standards. Here a novel design of a microwave feed integrated into one electrode of a linear quadrupole ion trap is demonstrated for the application of a microwave frequency standard based on cadmium ions. The mechanical structure of the microwave feed is compact and easy to build. The ion trap integrated with this microwave feed is successfully applied to measure the hyperfine splitting of the ground state of {sup 113}Cd{sup +}, thus demonstrating the practicality and reliability of the microwave feed.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2010

Thermal neutron capture cross-section to {sup 113}Cd isomer for the study of s-process origin of {sup 115}Sn

The astrophysical origin of a p-nucleus {sup 115}Sn has remained still an open question. The nucleus {sup 115}Sn may be produced by a weak branch of the s-process through a beta-unstable isomer in {sup 113}Cd. However, a neutron capture cross-section to this isomer has not been measured with high accuracy at any energy. A neutron capture cross-section for the {sup 112}Cd(n,gamma){sup 113}Cd{sup m} reaction has been measured with neutrons provided from a nuclear reactor. The nucleus {sup 115}Sn may be produced by a nucleosynthesis flow through {sup 113}Cd{sup m} in the s-process. We have obtained the thermal neutron capture cross-section of 0.028+-0.009[b] and the resonance integral of 1.1+-0.3[b] using a cadmium difference method. The cross-section ratio of the isomer to the ground state has been calculated as a function of the incident neutron energy, E, by using a statistical model. The calculated ratios are almost constant over a wide range of E<100 keV. We have evaluated the s-process contribution to the solar abundance of {sup 115}Sn using the classical steady-flow model. This calculated result has shown that the production through {sup 113}Cd{sup m} may be minor contribution to {sup 115}Sn.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Elucidating the Location of Cd 2+ in Post-synthetically Treated InP Quantum Dots Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization 31 P and 113 Cd Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy

Indium phosphide quantum dots (InP QD) are a promising alternative to traditional QD materials that contain toxic heavy elements such as lead and cadmium. However, InP QD obtained from colloidal synthesis are often plagued by poor photoluminescence quantum yields (PL-QYs). In order to improve the PL-QY of InP QD, a number of post-synthetic treatments have been devised. Recently, it has been shown that InP post-synthetically treated with Lewis acid metal divalent cations (M-InP) exhibit enhanced PL-QY; however, the molecular structure and mechanism behind the improved PL-QY are not fully understood. Here, to determine the surface structure of M-InP QD, dynamic nuclear polarization surface-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DNP SENS) experiments were employed on a series of InP magic size clusters treated with Cd ions, InP QD, cadmium phosphide (Cd 3 P 2 ) QD, and Cd-treated InP QD (Cd–InP QD). With the use of DNP SENS, we were able to obtain the 1D 31 P and 113 Cd NMR spectra, 113 Cd{ 31 P} rotational-echo double-resonance (REDOR) NMR spectra, and 31 P{ 113 Cd} dipolar heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation (D-HMQC) sequence. Changes in the phosphide 31 P chemical shifts after Cd treatment provide indirect evidence that some Cd alloys into the sub-surface regions of the particle. DNP-enhanced 113 Cd solid-state NMR spectra suggest that most Cd ions are coordinated by oxygen atoms from either carboxylate ligands or surface phosphate groups. 113 Cd{ 31 P} REDOR and 31 P{ 113 Cd} D-HMQC experiments confirm that a subset of Cd ions are located on the surface of Cd–InP QD and coordinated with phosphate groups.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2017

Excitation of {sup 111m}Cd, {sup 113m}In, and {sup 115m}In isomeric states by photons of energy up to 8 MeV

Experimental results on the excitation of isomeric nuclear states in the reactions {sup 111}Cd(γ, γ′){sup 111m}Cd, {sup 113}In(γ, γ′){sup 113m}In, and {sup 115}In(γ, γ′){sup 115m}In studied by the activation method at photon energies of up to 8 MeV are presented. The respective experiments were performed at the LUE-8 linear electron accelerator of the Institute for Nuclear Research (INR, Moscow). A method for calculating cross sections per equivalent photon was developed with the aid of a simulation on the basis of the GEANT-4 code. The data obtained in this way are discussed from the point of view of the possibility of studying collective nuclear excitations of various multipolarity near the threshold.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Data Validation Package, July 2016 Groundwater Sampling at the Shirley Basin South, Wyoming, Disposal Site November 2016

Sampling Period: July 14-15, 2016 The 2004 Long-Term Surveillance Plan for the Shirley Basin South (UMTRCA Title II) Disposal Site, Carbon County, Wyoming, requires annual monitoring to verify continued compliance with the pertinent alternate concentration limits (ACLs) and Wyoming Class III (livestock use) groundwater protection standards. Planned monitoring locations are shown in Attachment 1, Sampling and Analysis Work Order. Point-of-compliance (POC) wells 19-DC, 5-DC, and 5-SC, and monitoring wells 10-DC, 110-DC, 112-DC, 113-DC, 40-SC, 54-SC, 100-SC, 102-SC, and K.G.S.#3 were sampled. POC well 51-SC and downgradient well 101-SC were dry at the time of sampling. The water level was measured at each sampled well. See Attachment 2, Trip Report for additional details. Sampling and analyses were conducted in accordance with the Sampling and Analysis Plan for the U S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management Sites (LMS/PRO/S04351, continually updated, http://energy.gov/lm/downloads/sampling-and­ analysis-plan-us-department-energy-office-legacy-management-sites). ACLs are approved for cadmium, chromium, lead, nickel, radium-226, radium-228, selenium, thorium-230, and uranium in site groundwater. Time-concentration graphs of the contaminants of concern in POC wells are included in Attachment 3, Data Presentation. The only ACL exceedance in a POC well was radium-228 in well 5-DC where the concentration was 30.7 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), exceeding the ACL of 25.7 pCi/L. Concentrations of sulfate and total dissolved solids continue to exceed their respective Wyoming Class III groundwater protection standards for livestock use in wells 5-DC, 5-SC, and 54-SC as they have done throughout the sampling history; however, there is no livestock use of the water from these aquifers at the site, and no constituent concentrations exceed groundwater protection standards at the wells near the site boundary.

Carbon County, Wyoming↗
DOE OSTI2021

Revealing the Surface Structure of CdSe Nanocrystals by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced 77 Se and 113 Cd Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy was used to obtain detailed surface structures of zinc blende CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) with plate or spheroidal morphologies which are capped by carboxylic acid ligands. 1D 113 Cd and 77 Se cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) NMR spectra revealed distinct signals from Cd and Se atoms on the surface of the NCs, and those residing in bulk-like environments, below the surface. 113 Cd cross-polarization magic-angle-turning (CP-MAT) experiments identified CdSe 3 O, CdSe 2 O 2 , and CdSeO 3 Cd coordination environments on the surface of the NCs, where the oxygen atoms are presumably from coordinated carboxylate ligands. The sensitivity gain from DNP enabled natural isotopic abundance 2D homonuclear 113 Cd– 113 Cd and 77 Se– 77 Se and heteronuclear 113 Cd– 77 Se scalar correlation solid-state NMR experiments which revealed the connectivity of the Cd and Se atoms. Importantly, 77 Se{ 113 Cd} scalar heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence ( J -HMQC) experiments were used to selectively measure one-bond 77 Se– 113 Cd scalar coupling constants ( 1 J ( 77 Se, 113 Cd)). With knowledge of 1 J ( 77 Se, 113 Cd), heteronuclear 77 Se{ 113 Cd} spin echo ( J -resolved) NMR experiments were used to determine the number of Cd atoms bonded to Se atoms and vice versa. Furthermore, the J -resolved experiments directly confirmed that major Cd and Se surface species have CdSe 2 O 2 and SeCd 4 stoichiometries, respectively. Considering the crystal structure of zinc blende CdSe and the similarity of the solid-state NMR data for the platelets and spheroids, we conclude that the surface of the spheroidal CdSe NCs is primarily composed of {100} facets. The methods outlined here will generally be applicable to obtain detailed surface structures of various main group semiconductor nanoparticles.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2015

Polydopamine-mediated surface-functionalization of graphene oxide for heavy metal ions removal

By utilizing polydopamine (PD) nano-thick interlayer as mediator, polyethylenimine (PEI) brushes with abundant amine groups were grafted onto the surface of PD coated graphene oxide (GO) uniformly via a Michael-Addition reaction and produced a PEI–PD/GO composite nanosheets. The PEI–PD/GO composite exhibited an improved performance for adsorption of heavy metal ions as compared to PEI-coated GO and pure GO. The adsorption capacities for Cu{sup 2+}, Cd{sup 2+}, Pb{sup 2+}, Hg{sup 2+} are up to 87, 106, 197, and 110 mg/g, respectively. To further make the GO based composite operable, PEI–PD/RGO aerogel was prepared through hydrothermal and achieved a high surface area up to 373 m{sup 2}/g. Although the adsorption capacity of PEI–PD/RGO aerogel for heavy metal ions decreases a little as compared to PEI–PD/GO composite dispersion (38, 32, 95, 113 mg/g corresponding to Cu{sup 2+}, Cd{sup 2+}, Pb{sup 2+}, and Hg{sup 2+}, respectively), it could be recycled several times in a simple way by releasing adsorbed metal ions, indicating its potential application for cleaning wastewater. - Graphical abstract: Polyethylenimine (PEI) brushes were grafted onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) uniformly via a Michael-Addition reaction between the PEI and polydopamine interlayer coated on GO surface. The PEI–PD/GO composite exhibited an improved performance for adsorption of heavy metal ions compared to PEI-coated GO and pure GO. - Highlights: • We prepared polyethylenimine grafted polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide composites. • Introduction of PD layer increases metal ions adsorption capacity. • PEI–PD/RGO aerogel exhibited a superior adsorption performance. • PEI–PD/RGO aerogel can be recycled several times in a simple way.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2026

Cation Data for the East River Watershed, Colorado (2014-2025)

This data package contains mean values for cation concentration for water samples taken from the East River Watershed in Colorado. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been used to measure the concentrations of elements of interest simultaneously for the East River Watershed, Colorado groundwater and surface water samples to inform insights on the biogeochemistry processes within the watershed. The East River is part of the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (WFSFA) located in the Upper Colorado River Basin, United States. For samples collected prior to 06-16-2021, the instrumentation, Elan DRC II, PerkinElmer SCIEX, automatically switches among the three models necessary to analyze all 37 elements. These 37 elements include: (1) Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Boron (B), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), Titanium (Ti), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Rubidium (Rb), Strontium (Sr), Zirconium (Zr), Molybdenum (Mo), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Tin (Sn), Antimony (Sb), Caesium (Cs), Barium (Ba), Europium (Eu), Lead (Pb), Thorium (Th), Uranium (U) using standard model, argon Ar as reaction gas, (2) Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe) using dynamic reaction cell (DRC) model, ammonia NH3 as reaction gas, and (3) Phosphorus (P) and Selenium (Se) using DRC model, oxygen O2 as reaction gas. Note for the samples with higher concentrations of chloride (Cl-), asenic (As) concentrations were analysed with DRC model (oxygen O2 as reaction gas) to avoid the interference of chloride. For samples collected on and after 06-16-2021, an advanced Agilent 8900 triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system (Agilent 8900 QQQ ICP-MS, Agilent Technologies) has been used to measure the concentrations of interested 36 elements simultaneously for environmental samples, including (1) Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be) and Boron (B) using standard no gas mode, (2) Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al) Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Rubidium (Rb), Strontium (Sr), Zirconium (Zr), Molybdenum (Mo), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Tin (Sn), Antimony (Sb), Cesium (Cs), Barium (Ba), Europium (Eu), Lead (Pb), Thorium (Th) and Uranium (U) using standard helium (He) collision mode, (3) Titanium (Ti) and Vanadium (V) using high Energy (HEHe) helium (He) collision mode, and (4) Silicon (Si), Calcium (Ca) and Selenium (Se) using standard H2 reaction mode. All samples were prepared/diluted with 2% (v/v) ultrapure nitric acid in Milli-Q water (18.2 mega ohm-cm), and analyzed under a rigorous quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) process. This data package contains (1) a zip file (cation_data_2014_2025.zip) containing a total of 5,849 files: 5.848 data files of cation data from across the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA) which is reported in .csv files per location and a locations.csv (1 file) with latitude and longitude for each location; (2) a file-level metadata (v6_20260901_flmd.csv) file that lists each file contained in the dataset with associated metadata; (3) a data dictionary (v6_20260901_dd.csv) file that contains terms/column_headers used throughout the files along with a definition, units, and data type; (4) PDF and docx files for the detemination of Method Detection Limits (MDLs) for ICP-MS PerkinElmer DRC II instrumentation (Detemination_of_Method_Detection_Limits__MDLs__for_ICP_MS__PerkinElmer_Elan_DRC_II__LBL_Bldg74_Lab214D) for samples before November 2021; (5) PDF and docx files for the determination of MDLs for ICP-MS Agilent 8900 QQQ instrumentation (ICP_MS_Analysis_detection_limits_and_QA_QC_WenmingDong_updated_2026-08-06) for samples November 2021 and onward. Missing values within the anion data files are noted as either "-9999" or "0.0" for not detectable (N.D.) data. There are a total of 113 locations containing cation data. Update on 2021-04-11: Added Detemination of Method Detection Limits (MDLs) for ICP-MS document, which can be accessed as a PDF or with Microsoft Word. Update on 2022-06-10: versioned updates to this dataset was made along with these changes: (1) updated cation data for all locations up to 2021-12-31, (2) removal of units from column headers in datafiles, (3) added row underneath headers to contain units of variables, (4) removed suffix and prefix on two variables (“aqberylliumion_asberyllium” and “aqlithiumion_aslithium”), (5) added -9999 for empty numerical cells, and (6) the addition of the file-level metadata (flmd.csv) and data dictionary (dd.csv) were added to comply with the File-Level Metadata Reporting Format. Update on 2022-09-09: Updates were made to reporting format specific files (file-level metadata and data dictionary) to correct swapped file names, add additional details on metadata descriptions on both files, add a header_row column to enable parsing, and add version number and date to file names (v2_20220909_flmd.csv and v2_20220909_dd.csv). Update on 2023-08-08: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-01-05. The file level metadata and data dictionary files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2024-03-11: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available anion data was added, up until 2023-10-16. Further, revisions to the data files were made to remove incorrect data points (from 1970 and 2001). The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Updated versions of the PDF and docx files for determination of MDLs for ICP-MS data were added to this dataset for samples starting in November 2021. Update on 2025-05-15: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available cation data was added, up until the end of WY2024 (September 30, 2024). International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSNs), when registered, were added to the data files. The reporting format specific files were updated to reflect the additional data added. Update on 2026-09-01: Updates were made to both the data files and reporting format specific files. New available cation data was added, up until the end of WY2025 (September 30, 2025). Updated versions, as of 2026-08-06, of the PDF and docx files for determination of MDLs for ICP-MS data were added to this dataset for samples starting in November 2021.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗