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9 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 248

Detailed level schemes, decay schemes, and the experimental data on which they are based are presented for all nuclei with mass number A=248. The experimental reaction and decay data are evaluated; inconsistencies and discrepancies are noted; and adopted values are given for various level properties (including spin and parity, halflife, and configuration), γ properties (including energy, intensity, and multipole character) and α properties (including energy, intensity, and hindrance factor). This evaluation replaces the A=248 evaluation published by A. Akovali in Nuclear Data Sheets 87, 249 (1999)

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Formation of Superheavy Elements: Study Based on Dynamical Approach

Using multi-dimensional Langevin equations for the probability distribution of the distance between the surfaces of two approaching nuclei, we have studied the formation of superheavy elements via calculation of evaporation and fission cross sections of these elements. Evaporation residue cross sections have been calculated for the 1n, 2n, 3n, 4n, and 5n evaporation channels using one and four dimensional Langevin equations for the {sup 48}Ca+{sup 226}Ra, {sup 232}Th, {sup 238}U, {sup 237}Np, {sup 239,240,242,244}Pu, {sup 243}Am, {sup 245,248}Cm, {sup 249}Bk, and {sup 249}Cf reactions. Our results show that with increasing dimension of Langevin equations the evaporation residue cross section is increased. Also, obtained results based on fourdimensional Langevin are in better agreement with experimental data in comparison with one-dimensional model.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Scaling Trivalent Actinide and Lanthanide Recovery by Diglycolamide Resin from Savannah River Site’s Mark-18A Targets

The Savannah River National Laboratory is implementing a separation flowsheet to recover rare isotopes and transplutonium elements from irradiated 242 Pu targets known as Mark-18A targets. The Mark-18A targets contain the United States’ supply of nonseparated 244 Pu, which has a wide range of applications from nuclear forensics to production of superheavy elements such as flerovium. The targets also contain hundreds of grams of heavy curium ( 246–248 Cm), which is used as a target material for 252 Cf production. This work investigates the use of diglycolomide resin (DGA Resin) to recover valuable trivalent actinides from the Mark-18A targets. Batch contact experiments were performed on a representative simulant to determine mass loadings. Furthermore, the resin showed an overall capacity of 11 mg/mL for a mixed metal matrix (Zr and La–Gd). Column experiments showed chromatographic separation with transition-metal breakthroughs occurring first followed by the lanthanide series La–Gd. The experiments showed that lanthanide breakthrough occurred after 11 mg/mL mass loading was reached on the column with the mixed metal matrix. A radiological column experiment with an in-line UV/vis cell was able to detect Nd breakthrough just prior to 241 Am breakthrough. Implementing an in-line UV/vis cell into full-scale Mark-18A target processing will be used to limit breakthrough of trivalent actinides recovered from the targets.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2017

Mark-18A Ion Exchange Raffinate Management Strategy & Processing Recommendations

It is desired to recover Cm-244 through Cm-248 from dissolved Mark-18A targets following anion exchange processing to remove the Pu. The Cm will be sent to Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for additional R&D. Approximately 5-8 L per quarter of a Mark-18A target will have undergone anion exchange treatment and will contain Cm. A significant portion of this volume of anion exchange raffinate solution is dissolved fission products not desired to be recovered which could be sent to waste. To reduce the amount of material being sent to ORNL, a waste and volume minimization strategy was developed and is described in this report.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2023

Packaging Plan for Mark-18A Plutonium Oxide

Mark-18A (Mk-18A) targets were irradiated at the Savannah River Site and have been in wet storage at the site since the 1970s. The Mk-18A Target Material Recovery Program has been established to recover the 244 Pu and heavy curium (≥50% 246 Cm and 248 Cm) in the targets at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) and ship the materials to Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s (ORNL’s) Radiochemical Engineering Development Center for programmatic use. Two products will be recovered from the Mk- 18A targets for shipment from SRNL to ORNL: a plutonium oxide stream and an oxide material that will contain the americium, curium, and lanthanides. This document presents the plan for packaging of the plutonium oxide material for shipment and storage at ORNL.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2021

Combination of DGA and LN Columns: A Versatile Option for Isotope Production and Purification at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

The chromatographic resins DGA and LN have been used sequentially to separate curium, californium, plutonium, and various fission products (FPs) to obtain products with a pure radioisotope or a radioelement with high isotopic purity. This 2-step combination of resins has found applications in the 252 Cf and 238 Pu campaigns performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Experiments have been carried out in glove boxes, shielded caves, and hot cells, demonstrating that these resins are adequate and maintain their performance in highly radiolytic environments. We find that using these resins has led to the recovery of curium highly enriched (>95%) in 248 Cm, the clean separation of 251 Cf for the superheavy element research, and the recovery of 147 Pm from the FP stream obtained during the 238 Pu production campaign while demonstrating that the raffinate post DGA is essentially free of transuranic elements.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Polyoxometalates as ligands to synthesize, isolate and characterize compounds of rare isotopes on the microgram scale

The synthesis and study of radioactive compounds are both inherently limited by their toxicity, cost and isotope scarcity. Traditional methods using small inorganic or organic complexes typically require milligrams of sample—per attempt—which for some isotopes is equivalent to the world’s annual supply. Here we demonstrate that polyoxometalates (POMs) enable the facile formation, crystallization, handling and detailed characterization of metal–ligand complexes from microgram quantities owing to their high molecular weight and controllable solubility properties. Three curium–POM complexes were prepared, using just 1–10 μg per synthesis of the rare isotope 248 Cm 3+ , and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, showing an eight-coordinated Cm 3+ centre. Moreover, spectrophotometric, fluorescence, NMR and Raman analyses of several f-block element–POM complexes, including 243 Am 3+ and 248 Cm 3+ , showed otherwise unnoticeable differences between their solution versus solid-state chemistry, and actinide versus lanthanide behaviour. Furthermore, this POM-driven strategy represents a viable path to isolate even rarer complexes, notably with actinium or transcalifornium elements.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2019

Amplified luminescence in organo-curium nanocrystal hybrids

We present here the first report of ligand-sensitized, actinide luminescence in a lanthanide nanoparticle host. Amplified luminescence of 248 Cm 3+ doped in a NaGdF 4 lattice is achieved through optical pumping of a surface-localized metal chelator, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), capable of sensitizing Cm 3+ excited states. The data suggest the possibility of using such materials in theranostic applications, with a ligand-sensitized actinide or radio-lanthanide serving the dual roles of a nuclear decay source for radiotherapeutics, and as a luminescent center or energy transfer conduit to another emissive metal ion, for biological imaging.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Radiochemical study of the kinematics of multi-nucleon transfer reactions in 48 Ca + 248 Cm collisions 10% above the Coulomb barrier

In this paper, the kinematics of multi-nucleon transfer reactions in 48 Ca + 248 Cm collisions at 262 MeV (center of target) was investigated by using a stacked-foil technique and radiochemical separations of trans-curium elements. Trans-curium isotopes were identified by α-particle spectroscopy. For Fm isotopes, by comparing the centroids of the measured post-neutron emission isotope distributions with the most probable primary mass number predicted by Volkov's generalized Q g g systematics, the missing mass (number of evaporated neutrons) is estimated. The latter is compared with that deduced from the measured centroid of the laboratory angular distribution peaked closely to the grazing angle and the centroid of the range distribution, being used to determine the average total kinetic energy loss (TKEL) and the average excitation energy. The latter agrees within the uncertainties with the missing mass so that a consistent picture of the reaction mechanism emerges. For products closer to the target Z, e.g., Cf and Bk, the distributions of kinetic energies are much broader than for Fm, reflecting the fact that in the former, values of TKEL reach from quasi-elastic scattering all the way to deep inelastic scattering. Finally, the measured laboratory angular distribution and the average laboratory kinetic energy of the Fm isotopes, being the prototypes for multi-nucleon transfer products, are benchmark values for the design of electromagnetic separators to be constructed for the separation and detection of unknown neutron-rich transactinides produced in this nuclear reaction type.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗