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6 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Adsorption of rare earth elements in carboxylated mesoporous carbon

The separation of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) from various non-conventional sources is critically important to maintain the supply–demand balance of REEs in the western world. Here, in this research, we have investigated coal Fly Ash (CFA) as the non-conventional source of REEs. In order to recover REEs, we have synthesized carboxylate-functionalized mesoporous carbon (CMC) to harness the chelation-induced adsorption of REEs. These adsorbents were characterized with pore textural properties, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX mapping. In the initial study with single-component La(III) Dy(III) and Lu(III), it was revealed that CMC can adsorb those REEs 2–4 times more than that of pristine mesoporous carbon confirming the effective role of the carboxylate group in the REE separation. Furthermore, the affiliation of the carboxylate group towards heavier REEs (Lu>Dy>La, when present is equal amounts) provides an added benefit of this adsorbent owing to the high demand for heavier REEs in the technology sectors. The leachate solution produced from CFA contained sixteen REEs in the range of 50–200 ppb for most of the REEs. It was revealed that CMC can extract 80–90% of all the REEs thereby further confirming the success of the CMC as an effective REE sorbent. Three successive cycles of adsorption and desorption of REEs with the same CMC revealed the consistent adsorption capacity of REEs. In-situ X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) analysis confirmed the +3 oxidation states of La, Dy, and Lu within CMC. In-situ Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis revealed the shortening of mean La-O, Dy-O, and Lu-O bond distance by 0.03–0.05 Å thereby confirming the coordination of these REEs with carboxylate groups present on CMC.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy2O3 by Materials Project

Dy2O3 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Dy3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.58 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to four equivalent Dy3+ atoms to form ODy4 tetrahedra that share corners with six equivalent ODy6 octahedra, corners with six equivalent ODy4 tetrahedra, edges with three equivalent ODy6 octahedra, and edges with three equivalent ODy4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 19–55°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to six equivalent Dy3+ atoms to form ODy6 octahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent ODy4 tetrahedra, edges with six equivalent ODy6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent ODy4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy2O3 by Materials Project

Dy2O3 is Corundum-like structured and crystallizes in the cubic Ia-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Dy3+ sites. In the first Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing DyO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 54–56°. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.26–2.35 Å. In the second Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing DyO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. All Dy–O bond lengths are 2.30 Å. O2- is bonded to four Dy3+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ODy4 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy2O3 by Materials Project

Dy2O3 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Dy3+ sites. In the first Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.60 Å. In the second Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.75 Å. In the third Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing DyO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.48 Å. There are five inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to five Dy3+ atoms to form distorted ODy5 square pyramids that share corners with seven ODy4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent ODy6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, edges with three ODy4 tetrahedra, and edges with three equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Dy3+ atoms to form distorted ODy4 trigonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one ODy6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, corners with nine ODy4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids, edges with three equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 37°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Dy3+ atoms to form ODy6 octahedra that share corners with six ODy4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent ODy6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, and edges with six ODy4 tetrahedra. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Dy3+ atoms to form ODy4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ODy6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, corners with four ODy4 tetrahedra, corners with six equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids, an edgeedge with one ODy6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, and an edgeedge with one ODy4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 13°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Dy3+ atoms to form ODy4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one ODy6 octahedra, corners with five equivalent ODy5 square pyramids, corners with four ODy4 tetrahedra, corners with three equivalent ODy4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent ODy6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one ODy5 square pyramid, and edges with two equivalent ODy4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 49°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy2O3 by Materials Project

Dy2O3 crystallizes in the cubic Pn-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Dy3+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Dy–O bond lengths are 1.95 Å. O2- is bonded to four equivalent Dy3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ODy4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on DyO3 by Materials Project

DyO3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Dy is bonded to twelve equivalent O atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing DyO12 cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.33 Å) and six longer (2.63 Å) Dy–O bond lengths. O is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four equivalent Dy atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗