Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “FILM ANALYSIS”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1997

PIV/HPIV Film Analysis Software Package

A PIV/HPIV film analysis software system was developed that calculates the 2-dimensional spatial autocorrelations of subregions of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) or Holographic Particle Image Velocimetry (HPIV) film recordings. The software controls three hardware subsystems including (1) a Kodak Megaplus 1.4 camera and EPIX 4MEG framegrabber subsystem, (2) an IEEE/Unidex 11 precision motion control subsystem, and (3) an Alacron I860 array processor subsystem. The software runs on an IBM PC/AT host computer running either the Microsoft Windows 3.1 or Windows 95 operating system. It is capable of processing five PIV or HPIV displacement vectors per second, and is completely automated with the exception of user input to a configuration file prior to analysis execution for update of various system parameters.

Blackshire, James L.↗
DOE OSTI2015

Microscopic silicon-based lateral high-aspect-ratio structures for thin film conformality analysis

Film conformality is one of the major drivers for the interest in atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes. This work presents new silicon-based microscopic lateral high-aspect-ratio (LHAR) test structures for the analysis of the conformality of thin films deposited by ALD and by other chemical vapor deposition means. The microscopic LHAR structures consist of a lateral cavity inside silicon with a roof supported by pillars. The cavity length (e.g., 20–5000 μm) and cavity height (e.g., 200–1000 nm) can be varied, giving aspect ratios of, e.g., 20:1 to 25 000:1. Film conformality can be analyzed with the microscopic LHAR by several means, as demonstrated for the ALD Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} and TiO{sub 2} processes from Me{sub 3}Al/H{sub 2}O and TiCl{sub 4}/H{sub 2}O. The microscopic LHAR test structures introduced in this work expose a new parameter space for thin film conformality investigations expected to prove useful in the development, tuning and modeling of ALD and other chemical vapor deposition processes.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

SU-E-CAMPUS-T-06: Radiochromic Film Analysis Based On Principal Components

Purpose: An algorithm to convert the color image of scanned EBT2 radiochromic film [Ashland, Covington KY] into a dose map was developed based upon a principal component analysis. The sensitive layer of the EBT2 film is colored so that the background streaks arising from variations in thickness and scanning imperfections may be distinguished by color from the dose in the exposed film. Methods: Doses of 0, 0.94, 1.9, 3.8, 7.8, 16, 32 and 64 Gy were delivered to radiochromic films by contact with a calibrated Sr-90/Y-90 source. They were digitized by a transparency scanner. Optical density images were calculated and analyzed by the method of principal components. The eigenimages of the 0.94 Gy film contained predominantly noise, predominantly background streaking, and background streaking plus the source, respectively, in order from the smallest to the largest eigenvalue. Weighting the second and third eigenimages by −0.574 and 0.819 respectively and summing them plus the constant 0.012 yielded a processed optical density image with negligible background streaking. This same weighted sum was transformed to the red, green and blue space of the scanned images and applied to all of the doses. The curve of processed density in the middle of the source versus applied dose was fit by a twophase association curve. A film was sandwiched between two polystyrene blocks and exposed edge-on to a different Y-90 source. This measurement was modeled with the GATE simulation toolkit [Version 6.2, OpenGATE Collaboration], and the on-axis depth-dose curves were compared. Results: The transformation defined using the principal component analysis of the 0.94 Gy film minimized streaking in the backgrounds of all of the films. The depth-dose curves from the film measurement and simulation are indistinguishable. Conclusion: This algorithm accurately converts EBT2 film images to dose images while reducing noise and minimizing background streaking. Supported by a sponsored research agreement from IsoTherapeutics Group, LLC.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
NASA NTRS1984

The calibration of photographic and spectroscopic films: A densitometric analysis of IIaO film flown aboard the Space Shuttle 3

Three canisters of IIaO film were prepared along with packets of color film from the National Geographic Society, which were placed on the Space Shuttle. The ultimate aim was to obtain reasonably accurate data concerning the background fogging effects as related to the total environment experience of the film including the groundbased packing and loading of the film from Goddard Space Flight Center to Cape Kennedy. The affects of solar wind, humidity, cosmic rays, the Van Allen Belt radiation exposure, various thermal effects, and reentry and off-loading of the film during takeoff and 8 days, 3 hour 15 minute orbit are of particular interest.

Hammond, E. C., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1987

The calibration of photographic and spectroscopic films. A densitometric analysis of IIaO film flown aboard the space shuttle transportation system STS3, STS8, and STS7

The results of these studies have implications for the utilization of the IIaO spectroscopic film on the future shuttle and space lab missions. These responses to standard photonic energy sources will have immediate application for the uneven responses of the film photographing a star field in a terrestrial or extraterrestrial environment with associated digital imaging equipment.

Hammond, Ernest C., Jr.↗
DOE OSTI2012

Charge Trapping in Bright and Dark States of Coupled PbS Quantum Dot Films

Analysis of photoluminescence (PL) from chemically treated lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dot (QD) films versus temperature reveals the effects of QD size and ligand binding on the motion of carriers between bright and dark trap states. For strongly coupled QDs, the PL exhibits temperature-dependent quenching and shifting consistent with charges residing in a shallow exponential tail of quasi-localized states below the band gap. The depth of the tail varies from 15 to 40 meV, similar to or smaller than exponential band tail widths measured for polycrystalline Si. The trap state distribution can be manipulated with QD size and surface treatment, and its characterization should provide a clearer picture of charge separation and percolation in disordered QD films than what currently exists.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

SU-E-T-388: Evaluation of Electronic Brachytherapy Dose Distributions in Tissue Equivalent Materials

Purpose: To study the measured and calculated dose distributions for electronic brachytherapy (EBT) in various tissue equivalent homogenous materials. Methods: Calculated dose distributions in water were generated using published TG-43 parameters in Varian BrachyVision software for a 50 kVp, 50 cm Xoft source. Dose distributions were measured within a 3D-scanning tank using dosimeters including: PTW 0.125 cc, pin-point, and parallel-plate ion chambers, Sun Nuclear “Edge” diode and Gafchromic EBT3 film. Multi-channel film dosimetry was used in film analysis. EBT3 film curves were calibrated via radial dose comparison to both independently measured and published data. The resulting film calibration was utilized to measure dose distributions created by titanium filtered source utilized in clinical brachytherapy applications. Data was collected within homogenous PMMA, vinyl, polystyrene, paraffin, and water-equivalent plastic phantoms. Results: Ion-chamber data was corrected to effective points of measurement and normalized prior to comparison between calculated and measured dose distributions. Measurements made in water and water equivalent materials compared well with results from treatment planning software. The maximum percent differences (relative to water) observed between 1 cm and 3.5 cm depth from source for each of the phantom materials are as follows: PMMA 35%, polystyrene 41%, plastic-water 23%, vinyl 115%, and paraffin 46%. Conclusion: The increased probability of photoelectric interactions occurring within the patient during electronic brachytherapy will emphasize the radiological differences between varying human tissues in dose deposition. These differences can Result in clinically significant dose perturbations and it is therefore recommended to move to a model based dose calculation, as outlined in TG-186, to improve the dosimetric accuracy of low energy EBT.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1992

Analysis of film cooling in rocket nozzles

Progress during the reporting period is summarized. Analysis of film cooling in rocket nozzles by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computer codes is desirable for two reasons. First, it allows prediction of resulting flow fields within the rocket nozzle, in particular the interaction of the coolant boundary layer with the main flow. This facilitates evaluation of potential cooling configurations with regard to total thrust, etc., before construction and testing of any prototype. Secondly, CFD simulation of film cooling allows for assessment of the effectiveness of the proposed cooling in limiting nozzle wall temperature rises. This latter objective is the focus of the current work. The desired objective is to use the Finite Difference Navier Stokes (FDNS) code to predict wall heat fluxes or wall temperatures in rocket nozzles. As prior work has revealed that the FDNS code is deficient in the thermal modeling of boundary conditions, the first step is to correct these deficiencies in the FDNS code. Next, these changes must be tested against available data. Finally, the code will be used to model film cooling of a particular rocket nozzle. The third task of this research, using the modified code to compute the flow of hot gases through a nozzle, is described.

Woodbury, Keith A.↗
DOE OSTI2017

Properties of Resistive Hydrogen Sensors as a Function of Additives of 3D-Metals Introduced in the Volume of Thin Nanocrystalline SnO{sub 2} Films

Analysis of the results of studying electrical and gas sensitive characteristics of the molecular hydrogen sensors based on thin nanocrystalline SnO{sub 2} films coated with dispersed Au layers and containing Au+Ni and Au+Co impurities in the bulk showed that the characteristics of these sensors are more stable under the prolonged exposure to hydrogen in comparison with Au/SnO{sub 2}:Sb, Au films modified only with gold. It has been found that introduction of the nickel and cobalt additives increases the band bending at the grain boundaries of tin dioxide already in freshly prepared samples, which indicates an increase in the density N{sub i} of the chemisorbed oxygen. It is important that during testing, the band bending eφ{sub s} at the grain boundaries of tin dioxide additionally slightly increases. It can be assumed that during crystallization of films under thermal annealing, the 3d-metal atoms in the SnO{sub 2} volume partially segregate on the surface of microcrystals and form bonds with lattice oxygen, the superstoichiometric tin atoms are formed, and the density N{sub i} increases. If the bonds of oxygen with nickel and cobalt are stronger than those with tin, then, under the prolonged tests, atomic hydrogen will be oxidized not by lattice oxygen, but mainly by the chemisorbed one. In this case, stability of the sensors’ characteristics increases.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS1978

The calibration of photographic and spectroscopic films: 1: A microscopic analysis of IIaO films. 2: The effects of agitation and soaking on IIaO films. 3: The effects of electric field on IIaO films. 4: The effects of X-ray radiation on IIaO films

The grain structure of the emulsion using both reflected and transmission light was examined along with the effects of soaking. The effect of a static charge by a Tesla-coil, and the effects of airport equipment, and dental X-rays on the film were also analyzed.

Hammond, E. C., Jr.↗
DOE OSTI2011

SHI Induced Modifications in CdS/CuInSe{sub 2} Thin Film: XRD Analysis

CuInSe{sub 2}(CIS nanostructured) thin films were prepared by ion exchange method at room temperature on ITO coated glass substrates in an alkaline medium. The as prepared thin films were irradiated by 120 MeV Au{sup 9+} swift heavy ion (SHI) at 5x10{sup 11} and 5x10{sup 12} ions/cm{sup 2} fluence respectively. To study the effect of irradiation, the pristine and irradiated nanostructured thin films were characterized by X ray Diffraction (XRD) and analyzed the improvement in crystalline quality and crystallite size. The observed structural modifications discussed considering the high electronic energy deposition by 120 MeV gold heavy (Au{sup 9+}) ions in CuInSe{sub 2} thin films.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1980

A film thickness analysis for line contacts under pure rolling conditions with a non-Newtonian rheological model

The non-Newtonian constitutive equation of Winer and Bair (1979) is applied to a conventional isothermal film thickness analysis of line contact lubrication of rolling elements providing dimensionless film thickness equations for four lubrication methods. The equations can be applied to high viscosity and rolling speed and low limiting shear stress cases where Newtonian methods are not applicable. This analysis is based on a reasonable range of limiting shear stress which is smaller than the Newtonian values for low viscosity lubricants.

Gecim, B.↗
NASA NTRS2009

Numerical Analysis of Film Cooling at High Blowing Ratio

Computational Fluid Dynamics is used in the analysis of a film cooling jet in crossflow. Predictions of film effectiveness are compared with experimental results for a circular jet at blowing ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2.0. Film effectiveness is a surface quantity which alone is insufficient in understanding the source and finding a remedy for shortcomings of the numerical model. Therefore, in addition, comparisons are made to flow field measurements of temperature along the jet centerline. These comparisons show that the CFD model is accurately predicting the extent and trajectory of the film cooling jet; however, there is a lack of agreement in the near-wall region downstream of the film hole. The effects of main stream turbulence conditions, boundary layer thickness, turbulence modeling, and numerical artificial dissipation are evaluated and found to have an insufficient impact in the wake region of separated films (i.e. cannot account for the discrepancy between measured and predicted centerline fluid temperatures). Analyses of low and moderate blowing ratio cases are carried out and results are in good agreement with data.

El-Gabry, Lamyaa↗