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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2024

Frankfort 100 Solar Feasibility Study

In 2021, The city of Frankfort, Kentucky ("Frankfort," or "the City") committed to ambitious climate targets: 1. City Clean Electricity: 100% clean electricity for city government operations by the end of 2023, 2. City Clean Energy: 100% clean energy for city government operations by the end of 2030, and 3. Community Clean Energy: 100% clean energy community-wide by the end of 2040. In 2022, Frankfort partnered with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for a Phase I study to identify pathways to achieve the City's first two goals of City Clean Electricity by 2023 and City Clean Energy by 2030 (Phase I). As recommended in the final Phase I report described (described below), NREL was asked to perform an initial feasibility study for a PV project to offset the electricity used by city government operations. This report evaluates the feasibility of utility-scale solar and identifies potential barriers.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

A Path to Clean Energy: Cross-Subsidization Concerns From Local Solar Development in Frankfort, Kentucky That Can Apply to Other Communities

Municipal electricity utilities and communities with public power are increasingly interested in the opportunities afforded by locally-sited solar projects. Understanding the allocation of costs and benefits of a solar project across affected entities and stakeholders such as customer types can be critical for community buy-in. This case study looked specifically at an analysis done for the City of Frankfort and how plans to meet 100% of city government electricity loads with renewable energy by 2023 could affect an all requirements contract the city's municipal utility has with a regional electricity provider. While the results are specific to Frankfort and the electricity contracts in place at the time of the study, it is an example of how the question of cross-subsidization can be addressed using a quantitative study, with the goal of increasing transparency and buy-in across multiple stakeholders.

community solar↗
DOE OSTI2023

Cost-Effectiveness of Local Distribution Tied Solar within KyMEA

KyMEA is a Kentucky joint action agency which provides electric transmission and energy services to eleven municipal utilities. One of KyMEA's member cities, Frankfort, has set a goal to reach 100% renewable generation for the city load by 2023 and 100% carbon free city operations and 100% renewable generation community-wide by 2030. The aim of this research was to determine if the Frankfort city government could reduce its power costs by implementing distribution tied solar while also avoiding any cross subsidization between other KyMEA member utilities or other Frankfort Plant Board customers. The project simulated the KyMEA generation portfolio and transmission system from KyMEA's cost perspective using the NREL Engage capacity expansion model. Running in operate mode, the authors used Engage to compare KyMEA's costs to operate the baseline system to its costs to operate the system with Frankfort meeting some of its load with distribution-tied PV. The cost perspective of Frankfort Plant Board, meanwhile, was simulated using Python. The simulations indicated that it would be cost-beneficial to KyMEA, i.e., that no additional costs would be borne by other members, and that it would be cost-neutral to Frankfort Plant Board for Frankfort city government to implement distribution tied utility-scale PV. The new load attributes resulting from the distribution-tied PV lowered KyMEA's cost to serve load by improving system load factor, reducing system transmission and energy costs, and increasing revenues from market energy sales.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗