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Nuclear Data Sheets for A=59☆

-- Abstract: Evaluated spectroscopic data and level schemes from radioactive decay and nuclear reaction studies are presented for {sup 59}Sc, {sup 59}Ti, {sup 59}V, {sup 59}Cr, {sup 59}Mn, {sup 59}Fe, {sup 59}Co, {sup 59}Ni, {sup 59}Cu, {sup 59}Zn, {sup 59}Ga, and {sup 59}Ge. This evaluation for A=59 supersedes the earlier one by C. M. Baglin (2002Ba42) and updates for some nuclides in the ENSDF database. Highlights: of this evaluation are the following: In {sup 59}Fe, a new level at 568.45 keV (3/2{sup −}) has been added. This resolves a doublet at 570 keV, which was reflected in earlier evaluations (1983An22, 1993Ba85, 2002Ba42) and literature as well. Conflicting spin assignments for 2153.62 keV level of {sup 59}Co [9/2,13/2 in (α,pγ); (13/2) in ({sup 15}N,4nγ); 15/2 in (p,p′γ), (7/2{sup −}) in (n,n′γ)] exist in the literature and additional experimental work is needed to resolve the issue.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

Method of microbially producing metal gallate spinel nano-objects, and compositions produced thereby

A method of forming a metal gallate spinel structure that includes mixing a divalent metal-containing salt and a gallium-containing salt in solution with fermentative or thermophilic bacteria. In the process, the bacteria nucleate metal gallate spinel nano-objects from the divalent metal-containing salt and the gallium-containing salt without requiring reduction of a metal in the solution. The metal gallate spinel structures, as well as light-emitting structures in which they are incorporated, are also described.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Mass measurements of neutron-rich gallium isotopes refine production of nuclei of the first r -process abundance peak in neutron-star merger calculations

We report mass measurements of neutron-rich Ga isotopes 80–85 Ga with TRIUMF's Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science. The measurements determine the masses of 80–83 Ga in good agreement with previous measurements. Here, the masses of 84 Ga and 85 Ga were measured for the first time. Uncertainties between 25 and 48 keV were reached. The new mass values reduce the nuclear uncertainties associated with the production of A ≈ 84 isotopes by the r-process for astrophysical conditions that might be consistent with a binary neutron star (BNS) merger producing a blue kilonova. Our nucleosynthesis simulations confirm that BNS merger may contribute to the first abundance peak under moderate neutron-rich conditions with electron fractions Y e = 0.35–0.38.

59 ≤ A ≤ 89↗

Half-life measurement of the 199-keV isomeric state in Ga 76

Background: Isomeric states in atomic nuclei are a sensitive probe of their underlying microscopic structure and can be used to study the evolution of shell structure far from stability. Recent studies have identified and provided detailed spectroscopy of isomers in neutron-rich nuclei with Z = 28-50. Isomeric states in the odd-odd gallium isotopes have been reported for all gallium isotopes from A = 72 to A = 80 with the exception of 76 Ga. Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to observe short-lived isomeric states in the vicinity of 78 Ni. Methods: In-beam fragmentation of a 86 Kr primary beam at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory produced radioactive ions which were delivered to and deposited in a Ce Br 3 scintillator coupled to a position-sensitive photomultiplier tube. Beta-delayed γ rays were measured by ancillary HPGe clover and LaBr 3 detectors which surrounded the implantation detector. Results: The previously observed J π = 1 + , 199-keV level in 76 Ga, populated following the β decay of 76 Zn, was identified as isomeric with a half-life of 34(1) stat. (8) sys. ns. Shell-model calculations suggest this state is formed by the coupling of protons in negative-parity configurations to 1/2 - neutron configurations. Transition strengths assuming a ground-state spin of J = 2 and J = 3 were determined from the experimental data.

59 ≤ A ≤ 89↗