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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Production of Charmed Particles in the Quark-Gluon String Model and Estimate of Their Contributions to Atmospheric Neutrino Fluxes

An estimate of the flux of prompt atmospheric neutrinos produced in decays of charmed particles is obtained. Cross sections of the production of charmed particles (D, Λ{sub c}) in pA and πA collisions are calculated in the quark-gluon string model (QGSM) for the energy range 1 TeV – 100 PeV. New data on the cross sections of charmed meson production at high energies, obtained in experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, make it possible to refine the values of the free parameters of the QGSM and obtain a preliminary estimate of the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux. A comparison is made with the results of other neutrino flux calculations carried out for other charm production models – the dipole model and SIBYLL 2.3rc1.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Viscous quark-gluon plasma model through fluid QCD approach

A Lagrangian density for viscous quark-gluon plasma has been constructed within the fluid-like QCD framework. Gauge symmetry is preserved for all terms inside the Lagrangian, except for the viscous term. The transition mechanism from point particle field to fluid field, and vice versa, are discussed. The energy momentum tensor that is relevant to the gluonic plasma having the nature of fluid bulk of gluon sea is derived within the model. By imposing conservation law in the energy momentum tensor, shear viscosity appears as extractable from the equation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Production of φ Mesons on Nuclear Targets in the Quark–Gluon String Model

Experimental data on the production of φ mesons in proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions are considered. These data show unusually small shadowing corrections to the inclusive density for φ-meson production in the midrapidity region. It is found that the results of calculations based on the quark–gluon string model are in qualitative agreement with experimental data on the density of produced φ mesons as a function of both the initial energy ranging from the Collaboration NA49 energy to the LHC high energies and the target atomic number A.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Applications of Symmetry Breaking in Determining PDFs of the Nucleon

Studying the possible breaking of various parton model symmetries by the parton distribution functions of the nucleon can provide important information for the non-perturbative structure of hadrons and the strong interaction. We review theoretical calculations for the breaking of flavor symmetry, quark-antiquark symmetry and charge symmetry in the unpolarized and polarized nucleons using the meson cloud model. We report an estimation for the total distribution of strange and antistrange quarks in the nucleon by combining theoretical calculations of SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking with light antiquark distributions obtained from global analysis of available experimental data.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Vertex Sensitivity in the Schwinger-Dyson Equations of QCD

The nonperturbative gluon and ghost propagators in Landau gauge QCD are obtained using the Schwinger-Dyson equation approach. The propagator equations are solved in Euclidean space using Landau gauge with a range of vertex inputs. Initially we solve for the ghost alone, using a model gluon input, which leads us to favour a finite ghost dressing in the nonperturbative region. In order to then solve the gluon and ghost equations simultaneously, we find that non-trivial vertices are required, particularly for the gluon propagator in the small momentum limit. We focus on the properties of a number vertices and how these differences influence the final solutions. The self-consistent solutions we obtain are all qualitatively similar and contain a mass-like term in the gluon propagator dressing in agreement with related studies, supporting the long-held proposal of Cornwall.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2013

The Top Quark as a Window to Beyond the Standard Model Physics

The top quark was the last of the Standard Model quarks to be discovered, and is of considerable interest. The closeness of the top quark mass to the electroweak scale is suggestive that the top quark could be closely related to the mechanisms for electroweak symmetry breaking. Any new physics in electroweak symmetry breaking models could then preferentially couple to the top quark, making the top quark a promising probe for new physics. In this thesis, we will explore two aspects of the top quark as a harbinger to new physics: the top forward-backward asymmetry as seen at the Tevatron and the search for stops. In this thesis, we will discuss the Asymmetric Left-Right Model (ALRM), a model that is based on the gauge group $U'(1)\times SU(2)\times SU'(2)$ with couplings $g_1^\prime, g_2^\prime,$ and $g'$ associated with the fields $B',W,W'$, respectively, and show how this model can explain the top forward-backward asymmetry. We will then explore the scalar sector of the ALRM, and provide a specific Higgs mechanism that provides the masses for the $W'$ and $Z'$ bosons. The top forward-backward asymmetry is a test of invariance of charge-conjugation. Thus, we look at the $X$-gluon model, a model that was motivated by the top forward-backward asymmetry, and show that one can look at the longitudinal polarization of the top-quark to test parity conservation. Finally, we investigate searches for stop squarks, the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using shape-based analyses.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Warm inflation with a heavy QCD axion

We propose the first model of warm inflation in which the particle production emerges directly from coupling the inflaton to Standard Model particles. Warm inflation, an early epoch of sustained accelerated expansion at finite temperature, is a compelling alternative to cold inflation, with distinct predictions for inflationary observables such as the amplitude of fluctuations, the spectral tilt, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, and non-gaussianities. In our model a heavy QCD axion acts as the warm inflaton whose coupling to Standard Model gluons sources the thermal bath during warm inflation. Axion-like couplings to non-Abelian gauge bosons have been considered before as a successful microphysical theory with emerging thermal friction that can maintain finite temperature during inflation via sphaleron heating. However, the presence of light fermions charged under the non-Abelian group suppresses particle production, hindering a realization of warm inflation by coupling to QCD. We point out that the Standard Model quarks can be heavy during warm inflation if the Higgs field resides in a high-energy second minimum which restores efficient sphaleron heating. A subsequent large reheating temperature is required to allow the Higgs field to relax to its electroweak minimum. Exploring a scenario in which hybrid warm inflation provides the large reheating temperature, we show that future collider and beam dump experiments have discovery potential for a heavy QCD axion taking the role of the warm inflaton.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Accessing the quark orbital angular momentum with Wigner distributions

The quark orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been recognized as an important piece of the proton spin puzzle. A lot of effort has been invested in trying to extract it quantitatively from the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and the transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs), which are accessed in high-energy processes and provide three-dimensional pictures of the nucleon. Recently, we have shown that it is more natural to access the quark OAM from the phase-space or Wigner distributions. We discuss the concept of Wigner distributions in the context of quantum field theory and show how they are related to the GPDs and the TMDs. We summarize the different definitions discussed in the literature for the quark OAM and show how they can in principle be extracted from the Wigner distributions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Proton interactions with high multiplicity

Project Thermalization is aimed to study the proton-proton interaction with high multiplicity of secondary particles. The region of high multiplicity is especially actual at present. We expect the manifestation of the secondary particle collective behavior at this region. The experimentally measured topological cross section was corrected for apparatus acceptance and detection efficiency. These data are in good agreement with gluon dominance model. The comparison with other models is also done and shows no essential deviations. There is evidence that Bose-Einstein condensation can formed at high total multiplicity region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Diffractive PDF fits and factorisation tests at HERA

A DGLAP next-to-leading-order QCD analysis to extract the diffractive parton distribution functions, using DIS inclusive and dijet diffractive HERA data, is presented. Predictions based on the extracted parton densities are compared to diffractive dijet photoproduction data to discuss factorisation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗