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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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8 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Mitigation of hydrogen crossover in liquid alkaline water electrolysers using gas recombination catalysts

The rising demand for hydrogen calls for improvements in the efficiency of liquid alkaline water electrolysers (LAWEs), which can be fulfilled by advanced electrodes or separators. Nevertheless, they also intensify hydrogen crossover and safety concerns, thus mandating efficient mitigation strategies. Here we studied the correlation between cathodes and hydrogen crossover behaviours and mitigated safety risks by designing a gas recombination catalyst (GRC). We attribute the elevated hydrogen crossover associated with platinum-based cathodes to their preferential utilization for the hydrogen evolution reaction that creates elevated hydrogen supersaturation, as evidenced by direct measurements of dissolved hydrogen concentration. Varying the placement of platinum layers relative to the cathode–separator interface also supports this conclusion. The implementation of a GRC reduces hydrogen crossover by 95% without affecting LAWE performance and functions for over 1,000 h at 1 A cm−2. This study provides insights into hydrogen supersaturation and the crossover mechanism, as well as offering a promising pathway to enhance the efficiency and reliability of alkaline water electrolysis.

Liu, Haotian↗
DOE OSTI2025

Performance and Durability Investigation of Thin, Low Crossover Proton Exchange Membranes for Water Electrolyzers

The goal of this project was to fabricate and study the performance and durability implications of thin, mechanically reinforced membranes containing gas recombination catalysts (GRCs) for advanced proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) systems. The thinner membranes, optimized for a PEMWE environment, dramatically reduced the proton transport resistance across the membrane, improving the overall efficiency of the PEMWE system. At the same time, the GRC technology was deployed to recombine crossover hydrogen from the cathode with oxygen from the anode to form water within the membrane. This reaction mitigated the buildup of hydrogen in the oxygen stream, ensuring safe operation of the PEMWE system. Capabilities to measure the gas crossover in both an ex-situ screening cell and in operando application testing were developed over the course of the project to track membrane progress and quantify deliverables. State of the art roll to roll manufacturing technologies were leveraged to fabricate the membranes on a commercial scale, where the membrane structure was precisely tuned and GRC distributed within the membrane structure.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2025

Key Design Trades for a Near-term Lunar Fission Surface Power System

NASA and DOE have been developing concepts for lunar and Mars Fission Surface Power (FSP) systems for decades and have considered many different technologies and system variations. In 2023, three contractor teams completed Phase 1 conceptual design studies on a 40 kWe lunar FSP system in response to a modest set of NASA requirements and goals. A government team consisting of NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and Idaho National Laboratory (INL) was formed to develop an independent design approach that adhered to the same requirements and goals posed to the contractor teams. GRC provided expertise, analysis, and design decisions for the power conversion, heat rejection, power management & distribution (PMAD), and mission integration. LANL and INL provided expertise, analysis, and design decisions for the reactor and shielding. The goal of the government study was to develop representative concepts that could be used in NASA architecture studies, guide government technology investments, and inform Phase 2 requirements definition. This paper provides a summary of the key technology options, system-level trades, and mission-level concept-of-operations.

99 - GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Advances in vat photopolymerization: early-career researchers shine light on a path forward

Vat photopolymerization (VP) has emerged as a promising additive manufacturing technique to allow rapid light-based fabrication of 3D objects from a liquid resin. Research in the field of vat photopolymerization spans across multiple disciplines from engineering and materials science to applied chemistry and physics. This perspective brings together early-career researchers from various disciplines in academia and national laboratories around the world to summarize the most recent advancements with special emphasis on the research highlighted as part of the Gordon Research Conference (GRC) 2024 meeting on Additive Manufacturing of Soft Materials. We provide an outlook on next-generation polymer processing methods from synthesis of novel materials to multimodality manufacturing and performance engineering. Further, this article combines the ideas of many of these junior researchers to present a vision for the future of the field by highlighting the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2026

Advanced PEM Electrolyzer Membrane for Hydrogen Crossover Mitigation

An unintended reaction in the electrochemical conversion of water to hydrogen in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers is the crossover of hydrogen from the anode to the oxygen-containing cathode through the membrane, creating hydrogen losses and safety concerns. Efforts to date have focused on embedding platinum catalysts in perfluorosulfonic (PFSA) membranes to convert H 2 to protons. The objective of this project is to design and develop hydrocarbon (HC) proton exchange membranes (PEMs) that can help overcome the risk of high H 2 crossover in current PEM electrolyzer (ELX) stacks by designing and optimizing the gas recombination catalyst (GRC) within the membrane and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) structure.

08 HYDROGEN↗