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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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7 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

First direct observations of gear-changing in a collider

In this work we perform the first demonstration of gear-changing in a real world collider. Gear-changing refers to a collision scheme where each ring of a collider stores a different harmonic number of bunches. These bunches are kept synchronized using different velocities. Such a system has been theorized, but has now been demonstrated using the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment (DESIREE) in Stockholm Sweden. The experiment was able to demonstrate a gear-changing system, with both four on three bunches and five on four bunches. We determined a measurable parameter that shows a gear-changing system out to $37500$ turns of the slow beam (1 second). We were also able to detect a measurable longitudinal beam-beam interaction. We developed insights into how to control this type of system, opening up new possibilities, and showing that DESIREE can be used for gear-changing research.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Further Measurements of Beam-Beam Interactions in a Gear-Changing System in DESIREE

In this work we detail experiments performed on a gear-changing system using the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment (DESIREE). A gear-changing system is one where there are different harmonic numbers in each ring. This experiment used carbon and nitrogen beams in a 4 on 3 gear-changing arrangement, with the last bunch of each left off. The bunch length can be measured and synchrotron motion detected. We performed this measurement on three different values of carbon current, and present the differences in the bunch length frequency spectrum here, which correspond to twice the synchrotron frequencies.

Nissen, E. A.↗
DOE OSTI2021

MEASUREMENTS OF BEAM-BEAM INTERACTIONS IN GEAR-CHANGING COLLISIONS IN DESIREE

In this work, we perform measurements on the interactions of colliding beams in a gear-changing system. Gear-changing was first demonstrated in DESIREE in May of 2020 and showed several promising avenues to measure beam-beam effects. DESIREE has a unique collision scheme where the beams are moving in the same direction, which provides for unique interactions. This experiment used a 4 on 3 gear changing system with one bucket in each ring left empty, this allows us to see the bunch profile while undergoing collisions. We then measured the bunch length over time and used a Fourier transform to extract longitudinal evolution data and compared it to baseline data of uncollided beams.

Nissen, E. A.↗
DOE OSTI2026

New measurement techniques for gear-changing research using DESIREE

In this work we cover some of the newer techniques developed to measure the effects of a gear changing system maintained in DESIREE at Stockholm University. Gear-changing is a collider synchronization method where two rings with different harmonic numbers in them maintain collisions through different velocities, pathlengths or a combination of the two. This system has been demonstrated using the low energy ion collider DESIREE at Stockholm university. We have not only continued our previous methods of studying the beam using a repeating pattern technique where one bucket in each ring is intentionally left empty, but we now also use recently installed pickups outside of the merger region to study the beams separately while they collide.

Accelerator Physics↗
DOE OSTI2022

Using Co-Moving Collisions in a Gear-Changing System to Measure Fusion Cross Sections

In this work we look at a pos­si­ble use for a sys­tem that col­lides beams mov­ing in the same di­rec­tion using a gear-chang­ing syn­chro­niza­tion method as a means of mea­sur­ing low en­ergy phe­nom­ena, such as fu­sion cross sec­tions. De­pend­ing on the en­er­gies used this process will allow for in­ter­ac­tions for any de­sired charge state of the tar­get nu­clei. Ear­lier con­cepts for low en­ergy in­ter­ac­tions to study fo­cused on beams cross­ing at an angle to give the low en­ergy in­ter­ac­tions, as well as gen­eral in­ves­ti­ga­tions of co­mov­ing col­li­sions. This pro­posal would use gear-chang­ing, a method in­volv­ing two dif­fer­ent har­monic num­bers of bunches in each col­lider ring, to have the same types of col­li­sions, with a lu­mi­nos­ity equal that of a head-on ma­chine. In this work we de­tail the de­sign con­sid­er­a­tions for such a ma­chine, lever­ag­ing ex­per­i­men­tal ex­pe­ri­ence with a co-mov­ing, gear-chang­ing sys­tem.

Nissen, E. A.↗
DOE OSTI2021

A Proposed Beam-Beam Test Facility COMBINE

The COmpact Machine for Beam-beam Interactions in Non-Equilibrium systems (COMBINE) is a proposed, dedicated, beam-beam test facility. This is currently a joint effort between Jefferson Lab and Old Dominion University to create a small, low energy pair of collider rings that would be used to study beam-beam interactions, as well as act as a teaching tool for students. The base design would make use of a pair of identical rings (2.5 meters per side) one rotated 180 degrees from the other, meeting at their common interaction point. These would be fed by an electron gun producing up to 125 keV electrons. The low energy will allow for beam-beam tune shifts commensurate with existing colliders, and will also allow for an exploration of the predicted effects of gear-changing, which would be performed using a variable pathlength scheme. Finally, this machine can also test linac-ring type systems.

Nissen, Edith↗
DOE OSTI2024

Design considerations for colliders using co-moving beams for fusion cross section research

Collisions between beams moving in the same direction but with different velocities allow for low center of mass energy collisions with higher energy beams. These types of systems lend themselves to fusion interactions since they require low center of mass kinetic energies but can benefit from higher energies in the constituent beams. Here we cover the design considerations for a machine that could study these types of interactions. Furthermore, we especially highlight reactants that can be stored and collided in a single ring, using a collision timing system known as gear-changing, which could allow for a proof-of-concept experiment in an existing machine.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗