Modern Concepts for Avionics Systems Validation Test
This paper will present a description of the simulation system and the innovations that were incorporated.
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cassini Project↗
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Incorporating CCSDS telemetry standards and philosophy on Cassini
The Cassini project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is implementing a spacecraft telemetry system based on the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) packet telemetry standards. Resolving the CCSDS concepts with a Ground Data System designed to handle time-division-multiplexed telemetry and also handling constraints unique to a deep-space planetary spacecraft (such as fixed downlink opportunities, small downlink rates and requirements for on-board data storage) have resulted in spacecraft and ground system design challenges. Solving these design challenges involved adapting and extending the CCSDS telemetry standards as well as changes to the spacecraft and ground system designs. The resulting spacecraft/ground system design is an example of how new ideas and philosophies can be incorporated into existing systems and design approaches without requiring significant rework. In addition, it shows that the CCSDS telemetry standards can be successfully applied to deep-space planetary spacecraft.
Day, John C.↗
Incorporating CCSDS Telemetry Standards and Philosophy on Cassini
The Cassini project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is implementing a spacecraft telemetry system based on the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) packet telemetry standards. Resolving the CCSDS concepts with a Ground Data System designed to handle time-division-multiplexed telemetry and also handling constraints unique to a deep-space planetary spacecraft (such as fixed downlink opportunities, small downlink rates and requirements for on-board data storage) have resulted in spacecraft and ground system design challenges. Solving these design challenges involved adapting and extending the CCSDS telemetry standards as well as changes to the spacecraft and ground system designs. The resulting spacecraft/ground system design is an example of how new ideas and philosophies can be incorporated into existing systems and design approaches without requiring significant rework. In addition, it shows that the CCSDS telemetry standards can be successfully applied to deep-space planetary spacecraft.
CCSDS↗
Design and development of the Cassini main engine assembly Gimbal mechanism
Cassini is an international cooperative effort between NASA, which is producing the orbiter spacecraft, the European Space Agency, which is providing the Huygens Probe, and the Italian Space Agency, which is responsible for the spacecraft radio antenna and portions of three scientific experiments. In the U.S., the mission is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. Lockheed-Martin successfully bid on the contract to build the PMS (Propulsion Module Subsystem) for this project. The Cassini spacecraft will be launched on an expedition to Saturn in October, 1997. Its mission is to enter orbit around Saturn in July, 2004, and to explore its moons, rings, and magnetic environment for four years. Cassini will carry the Huygens probe, an instrument package equipped with a parachute, which is designed to study the atmosphere and surface of Saturn's largest moon, Titan.
Rudolph, Dale↗
Space-Hardware Design for Long Life With High Reliability
In 1991, the Cassini Project, NASA's planetary project to place a spacecraft in orbit about Saturn, funded a study at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to identify rules for design and test of hardware required to function reliably in space for very long lifetimes. Twenty-nine subjects were considered comprising 130 specific rules related to long-life issues such as accelerated life testing, cycling of mechanical devices, selection and application of parts, semiconductor junction temperatures, and worst-case analysis for long life. The study was subsequently published as a JPL document. One major conclusion of the workshop was that unattended space missions extending out to 25 years or more are feasible.
design↗
Nonlinear Dynamic Behavior in the Cassini Spacecraft Modal Survey
In October 1997, the 6-ton robotic spacecraft, Cassini, will lift off from Cape Canaveral atop a Titan IV B rocket, beginning a 7-year journey to Saturn. Upon completion of that voyage, Cassini will send the Huygens probe into the atmosphere of Saturn's largest moon, Titan. Cassini will then spend years studying Saturn's vast realm of rings, icy moons, and magnetic fields. The size and complexity of this endeavor mandates the involvement of many organizations. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) manages the project for NASA and is responsible for the spacecraft design, development, and assembly. The NASA Lewis Research Center is the launch system integrator. As is typical for such a spacecraft, a test-verified finite element model is required for loads analysis. JPL had responsibility for the Cassini modal survey and the development of the spacecraft test-verified finite element model. Test verification is a complex and sometimes subjective process. Because of this, NASA Lewis independently verified and validated the Cassini spacecraft modal survey.
Carney, Kelly S.↗
Re-engineering the Multimission Command System at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
The Operations Engineering Lab (OEL) at JPL has developed the multimission command system as part of JPL's Advanced Multimission Operations System. The command system provides an advanced multimission environment for secure, concurrent commanding of multiple spacecraft. The command functions include real-time command generation, command translation and radiation, status reporting, some remote control of Deep Space Network antenna functions, and command file management. The mission-independent architecture has allowed easy adaptation to new flight projects and the system currently supports all JPL planetary missions (Voyager, Galileo, Magellan, Ulysses, Mars Pathfinder, and CASSINI). This paper will discuss the design and implementation of the command software, especially trade-offs and lessons learned from practical operational use. The lessons learned have resulted in a re-engineering of the command system, especially in its user interface and new automation capabilities. The redesign has allowed streamlining of command operations with significant improvements in productivity and ease of use. In addition, the new system has provided a command capability that works equally well for real-time operations and within a spacecraft testbed. This paper will also discuss new development work including a multimission command database toolkit, a universal command translator for sequencing and real-time commands, and incorporation of telecommand capabilities for new missions.
Alexander, Scott↗
SEQ-POINTER: Next generation, planetary spacecraft remote sensing science observation design tool
Since Mariner, NASA-JPL planetary missions have been supported by ground software to plan and design remote sensing science observations. The software used by the science and sequence designers to plan and design observations has evolved with mission and technological advances. The original program, PEGASIS (Mariners 4, 6, and 7), was re-engineered as POGASIS (Mariner 9, Viking, and Mariner 10), and again later as POINTER (Voyager and Galileo). Each of these programs were developed under technological, political, and fiscal constraints which limited their adaptability to other missions and spacecraft designs. Implementation of a multi-mission tool, SEQ POINTER, under the auspices of the JPL Multimission Operations Systems Office (MOSO) is in progress. This version has been designed to address the limitations experienced on previous versions as they were being adapted to a new mission and spacecraft. The tool has been modularly designed with subroutine interface structures to support interchangeable celestial body and spacecraft definition models. The computational and graphics modules have also been designed to interface with data collected from previous spacecraft, or on-going observations, which describe the surface of each target body. These enhancements make SEQ POINTER a candidate for low-cost mission usage, when a remote sensing science observation design capability is required. The current and planned capabilities of the tool will be discussed. The presentation will also include a 5-10 minute video presentation demonstrating the capabilities of a proto-Cassini Project version that was adapted to test the tool. The work described in this abstract was performed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Boyer, Jeffrey S.↗