Lunar landing module reflectivity model
Lunar landing module reflectivity model based on Surveyor and Orbiter photographs of lunar craters, hills, and boulders
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Lunar landing module reflectivity model based on Surveyor and Orbiter photographs of lunar craters, hills, and boulders
Apollo lunar module structural integrity for lunar landing verified by Monte Carlo dynamic analysis
Lunar landing simulation data, noting pilot performance and manual control modes
The Apollo lunar module landing-gear flight-performance results and three principal gear development problems are discussed. In evaluating the lunar module touchdown performance, strut stroking and toppling stability are the prime factors and are governed primarily by touchdown velocity and surface slope at the touchdown point. Flight results are shown to be well within design values, and the landing-gear has performed successfully in all landings.
Full scale dynamic landing impact investigation of prototype lunar module landing gear
The development of the lunar module landing gear subsystem through the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission is presented. The landing gear design evolved from the design requirement, which had to satisfy the structural, mechanical, and landing performance constraints of the vehicle. Extensive analyses and tests were undertaken to verify the design adequacy. Techniques of the landing performance analysis served as a primary tool in developing the subsystem hardware and in determining the adequacy of the landing gear for toppling stability and energy absorption. The successful Apollo 11 lunar landing mission provided the first opportunity for a complete flight test of the landing gear under both natural and induced environments.
A developmental history of the Apollo lunar module landing and rendezvous radar subsystems is presented. The Apollo radar subsystems are discussed from initial concept planning to flight configuration testing. The major radar subsystem accomplishments and problems are discussed.
Lunar landing module Doppler radar system in guidance navigation and control system, studying mathematical model performance
Module landing effects on lunar surface, deriving erosion law from Surveyor 5 engine firing test and vacuum test data
Lunar landing module Doppler radar system in guidance navigation and control system, studying mathematical model performance
Lunar landing simulation data, noting pilot performance and manual control modes
Using landing point designator to land lunar module on target
Landing point redesignation during Apollo lunar module descent terminal portion, defining information and control system
Lunar surface bias on landing module altimeter signal
Real time computer program for determining lunar module landing site using lunar gravity vector
The purpose of this project is to design a lunar landing module for the SKITTER vehicle. SKITTER is a three-legged mobile lunar transport and work platform. This lunar landing module must be able to bring SKITTER, with attached crane, from a lunar orbit to the surface of the Moon. This propulsion system is entirely self-contained and removable after touchdown. SKITTER is unmanned and must be able to touch down on the lunar surface and perform assigned tasks independently of other space or lunar vehicles. The propulsion system is designed to ensure that the vehicle will make a lunar landing within the expected velocity range. A landing gear configuration is presented to safely dissipate landing forces on lunar impact and be removed from the SKITTER structure after touchdown. The overall engineering analysis was conducted to determine an economical design to land SKITTER safely on the Moon. SKITTER will perform various tasks on the surface of the Moon. The completion of this project will determine the feasibility of landing SKITTER with the attached crane safely on the lunar surface.
The Apollo guidance computer was designed to provide the computation necessary for guidance, navigation and control of the command module and the lunar landing module of the Apollo spacecraft. The computer was designed using the technology of the early 1960's and the production was completed by 1969. During the development, production, and operational phase of the program, the computer has accumulated a very interesting history which is valuable for evaluating the technology, production methods, system integration, and the reliability of the hardware. The operational experience in the Apollo guidance systems includes 17 computers which flew missions and another 26 flight type computers which are still in various phases of prelaunch activity including storage, system checkout, prelaunch spacecraft checkout, etc. These computers were manufactured and maintained under very strict quality control procedures with requirements for reporting and analyzing all indications of failure. Probably no other computer or electronic equipment with equivalent complexity has been as well documented and monitored. Since it has demonstrated a unique reliability history, it is important to evaluate the techniques and methods which have contributed to the high reliability of this computer.
Impact dynamics and effects on lunar landing module performance and landing gear