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7 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Adsorption of rare earth elements in carboxylated mesoporous carbon

The separation of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) from various non-conventional sources is critically important to maintain the supply–demand balance of REEs in the western world. Here, in this research, we have investigated coal Fly Ash (CFA) as the non-conventional source of REEs. In order to recover REEs, we have synthesized carboxylate-functionalized mesoporous carbon (CMC) to harness the chelation-induced adsorption of REEs. These adsorbents were characterized with pore textural properties, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX mapping. In the initial study with single-component La(III) Dy(III) and Lu(III), it was revealed that CMC can adsorb those REEs 2–4 times more than that of pristine mesoporous carbon confirming the effective role of the carboxylate group in the REE separation. Furthermore, the affiliation of the carboxylate group towards heavier REEs (Lu>Dy>La, when present is equal amounts) provides an added benefit of this adsorbent owing to the high demand for heavier REEs in the technology sectors. The leachate solution produced from CFA contained sixteen REEs in the range of 50–200 ppb for most of the REEs. It was revealed that CMC can extract 80–90% of all the REEs thereby further confirming the success of the CMC as an effective REE sorbent. Three successive cycles of adsorption and desorption of REEs with the same CMC revealed the consistent adsorption capacity of REEs. In-situ X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) analysis confirmed the +3 oxidation states of La, Dy, and Lu within CMC. In-situ Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis revealed the shortening of mean La-O, Dy-O, and Lu-O bond distance by 0.03–0.05 Å thereby confirming the coordination of these REEs with carboxylate groups present on CMC.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Lu2O3 by Materials Project

Lu2O3 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Lu3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.14–2.52 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to four equivalent Lu3+ atoms to form OLu4 tetrahedra that share corners with six equivalent OLu6 octahedra, corners with six equivalent OLu4 tetrahedra, edges with three equivalent OLu6 octahedra, and edges with three equivalent OLu4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 19–55°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to six equivalent Lu3+ atoms to form OLu6 octahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent OLu4 tetrahedra, edges with six equivalent OLu6 octahedra, and edges with six equivalent OLu4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Lu2O3 by Materials Project

Lu2O3 is Corundum-like structured and crystallizes in the cubic Ia-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Lu3+ sites. In the first Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing LuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 54–56°. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.19–2.28 Å. In the second Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing LuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. All Lu–O bond lengths are 2.23 Å. O2- is bonded to four Lu3+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OLu4 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Lu2O3 by Materials Project

Lu2O3 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Lu3+ sites. In the first Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.18–2.51 Å. In the second Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.19–2.68 Å. In the third Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing LuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.14–2.40 Å. There are five inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Lu3+ atoms to form distorted OLu4 trigonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one OLu6 octahedra, corners with nine OLu4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids, corners with two equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids, edges with three equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 38°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to five Lu3+ atoms to form distorted OLu5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with seven OLu4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent OLu6 octahedra, edges with three OLu4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with three equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Lu3+ atoms to form OLu4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one OLu6 octahedra, corners with four OLu4 tetrahedra, corners with five equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids, corners with three equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent OLu6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent OLu4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OLu5 trigonal bipyramid. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 49°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Lu3+ atoms to form distorted OLu4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLu6 octahedra, corners with four OLu4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids, corners with six equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids, an edgeedge with one OLu6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one OLu4 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 12°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Lu3+ atoms to form OLu6 octahedra that share corners with six OLu4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OLu4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent OLu6 octahedra, edges with six OLu4 tetrahedra, and edges with four equivalent OLu5 trigonal bipyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LuO3 by Materials Project

LuO3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Lu is bonded to twelve equivalent O atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing LuO12 cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.28 Å) and six longer (2.60 Å) Lu–O bond lengths. O is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four equivalent Lu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LuO3 by Materials Project

LuO3 is Skutterudite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Im-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Lu is bonded to six equivalent O atoms to form corner-sharing LuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 67°. All Lu–O bond lengths are 2.23 Å. O is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Lu and one O atom. The O–O bond length is 1.48 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LuO2 by Materials Project

LuO2 is Baddeleyite-like structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Lu is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O atoms. There are a spread of Lu–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.38 Å. There are two inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three equivalent Lu atoms. In the second O site, O is bonded to four equivalent Lu atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLu4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗