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Results for “MAGNETIC DIPOLE”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Guiding center equations for the magnetic dipole

Since the discovery of Van Allen radiation belts in the 1960s, observations of energetic ions trapped in the Earth's dipole magnetic field have illustrated the remarkable confinement properties of this configuration. As such, it has been used for confining a hot plasma for nuclear fusion studies, starting from the pioneering work of Bo Lehnert and Akira Hasegawa, in the Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) at MIT until 2011 and in the RT-1 experiment at the University of Tokyo. More recently, the dipole has been subject to a renewed interest for fusion studies by a couple of startups and for smaller applications as a cold plasma source. While the equilibrium and magneto-hydrodynamic stability of the dipole have been investigated quite in detail, neoclassical properties of the dipole are comparatively much less known: the dipole is more known in geophysics than in fusion science. For this reason, in this paper, we propose a set of Hamiltonian, guiding-center equations to describe the motion of electrons and ions in a magnetic dipole configuration. We also developed a code, and we show the main features of particle motion, benchmarking our results with the analytical solutions for the bounce and precession motion, which are well documented in the literature. We also draw some general conclusions for the neoclassical transport in usual toroidal confinement schemes, such as the tokamak and the stellarator, pointing out the unique advantages of the dipole in confining energetic particles.

Hamiltonian mechanics↗
NASA NTRS1994

The field of a screened magnetic dipole

The purpose of this note is to quantitatively study the asymptotic behavior of the dipole magnetic field in the tail region of a paraboloidal or cylindrical model of the magnetosphere, assuming the complete screening of the internal field by magnetopause currents. This screening assumption is equivalent to imposing the boundary condition that the normal component of the magnetic field is zero at the magnetopause. With this boundary condition, the screened dipole field falls off exponentially with distance down the tail, in sharp constrast to the bare dipole field. Analytic expressions for a cylindrical and paraboloidal magnetopause are given.

Greene, J. M.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Design of B1pF-A Large Aperture Dipole Magnet for EIC

The design of interaction region (IR) magnets for the Electron Ion Collider (EIC), demands tight boundary conditions on the magnet design given by the high field requirements and the proximity of electron and hadron beams within a common yoke and resultant crosstalk. Here, this article discusses the electromagnetic design of the superconducting collared magnet B1pF. The magnet will be built as the prototype for several collared magnets (dipoles and quadrupoles) for the hadron beam in the forward direction of the IR. The magnet design is based on a single layer coil with an inner diameter of 300 mm over a slot length of 3 m. The magnet produces an integral field of 10.34 T.m at a current of 11.9 kA to produce a nominal field of about 3.96 T at its center. Given by the common Rutherford cable parameters, the magnet will be used as a baseline for optimization of all the collared magnets. The article further discusses yoke optimizations, quench analysis, coil end design and efforts on fine tuning of field quality.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS2010

Pulsar Pair Cascades in a Distorted Magnetic Dipole Field

We investigate the effect of a distorted neutron star dipole magnetic field on pulsar pair cascade multiplicity and pair death lines. Using a simple model for a distorted dipole field that produces an offset polar cap (PC), we derive the accelerating electric field above the PC in space-charge-limited flow. We find that even a modest azimuthally asymmetric distortion can significantly increase the accelerating electric field on one side of the PC and, combined with a smaller field line radius of curvature, leads to larger pair multiplicity. The death line for producing pairs by curvature radiation moves downward in the P-P-dot diagram, allowing high pair multiplicities in a larger percentage of the radio pulsar population. These results could have important implications for the radio pulsar population, high energy pulsed emission, and the pulsar contribution to cosmic ray positrons.

Harding, Alice K.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Pair Cascades and Deathlines in Offset Magnetic Dipole Fields

We investigate electron-positron pair cascades in a dipole magnetic field whose axis is offset from the neutron star center. In such a field geometry, the polar cap is displaced from the neutron star symmetry axis and the field line radius of curvature is modified. Using the modified parallel electric field near the polar cap of an offset dipole, we simulate pair cascades to determine the pair deathlines and pair multiplicities as a function of the offset parameter. We find that the pair multiplicity can change dramatically with a modest offset, with a significant increase on one side of the polar cap. Lower pair deathlines allow a larger fraction of the pulsar population, that include old and millisecond pulsars, to produce cascades with high multiplicity.

Harding, Alice↗
NASA NTRS1974

Solar rotating magnetic dipole?

A magnetic dipole rotating around an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the sun can account for the characteristics of the surface large-scale solar magnetic fields through the solar cycle. The polarity patterns of the interplanetary magnetic field, predictable from this model, agree with the observed interplanetary magnetic sector structure.

Antonucci, E.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Magnetostatic potential theory and the lunar magnetic dipole field

The lunar magnetic dipole moment is discussed. It is proposed that if a primordial core magnetic field existed, it would give rise to a present day nonzero external dipole magnetic field. This conclusion is based on the assumption that the lunar mantle is at least slightly ferromagnetic, and thus would maintain a permanent magnetization after the disappearance of the core magnetic field. Using a simple mathematical model of the moon, calculations are performed which support this hypothesis.

Goldstein, M. L.↗
NASA NTRS2022

A Dynamo Simulation Generating Saturn-Like Small Magnetic Dipole Tilts

Abstract Among planetary dynamos, the magnetic field of Saturn stands out in its exceptional level of axisymmetry. One of its peculiar features is that the magnetic dipole mode is tilted with respect to the planetary rotation axis by only ≈0.007° or less. Numerical dynamo simulations performed in this context have had great difficulty in producing such small dipole tilt angles without introducing ad hoc ingredients such as a latitudinally varying heat flux pattern in the outer layers or stably stratified layers (SSLs). Here we present a numerical dynamo simulation that generates a highly axisymmetric dynamo with a dipole tilt of about ≈0.0008° on average. The model consists of a deep dynamo layer and an overlying low-conductivity layer but without any SSLs. We highlight a novel mechanism where strong differential rotation generated in the atmospheric layer penetrates into the dynamo region, helping to maintain a very small magnetic dipole tilt. Plain Language Summary Saturn's dipole-dominant magnetic field exhibits a very peculiar feature: the dipole component of the planetary magnetic field is tilted by less than ≈0.007° with respect to the planetary spin axis. Numerical simulations performed in this context suggest that if a spatial heat-flux variation is imposed, along with a stably stratified region, on top of an active dynamo layer, then small dipole tilt values can be realized. Here we present a model where extremely small dipole tilt values can be achieved without these ad hoc ingredients. Our simulations demonstrate that dynamo theory allows extremely small dipole tilt values in a relatively simple model configuration.

Rakesh Kumar Yadav↗
DOE OSTI2025

Elliptic Aperture CCT Coils for HTS Dipole Magnets

High-temperature REBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-x}$ (REBCO) superconductors are a route to increase the field of accelerator magnets beyond the 15-16T practical limit of Nb$_{3}$Sn. REBCO cabled in a CORC geometry is a promising fit for this application, enabling the design of low inductance magnets with conductor transposition. However, the use of CORC in coils with the tight conductor bending radii typical of accelerator magnets remains a key challenge, with on-going research both on the conductor development and coil design fronts seeking to address this issue. Here, in this work we explore the tradeoffs between circular and elliptic aperture canted-cosine-theta (CCT) coils when the conductor minimum bending radius is a key consideration, concluding that aperture ellipticity is an important free parameter in the optimization of magnetically efficient CORC dipole magnets. In particular, we show that elliptic bore designs enable a regime of smaller aperture HTS coils, an important result for LTS-HTS hybrid magnets and more generally for accelerator applications benefiting from non-circular magnet apertures. To this end we present an elliptic aperture dipole design optimized for hybrid testing within the US Magnet Development Program (US-MDP) and share 77 K test results of a prototype coil which provides first experimental confirmation of the advantages.

Brouwer, L. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory↗
DOE OSTI2023

HTS Dipole Magnet With Mechanical Energy Transfer in the Magnetic Field

Several high-temperature superconducting (HTS) model magnets for particle accelerators were designed and successfully tested at Fermilab. Some worked in a persistent current mode by continuously generating magnetic fields in the iron-dominated magnet gap. This paper investigated a novel HTS dipole magnet concept with a mechanical energy transfer in the magnetic field. To pump the energy in the superconducting HTS dipole magnet, a detachable magnetizer was used. The HTS dipole magnet was built and successfully tested at a liquid nitrogen temperature. We discuss the magnet design, test results, the proposed approach limits, and efficiency.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1990

Nonadiabatic behavior of the magnetic moment of a charged particle in a dipole magnetic field

This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of the magnetic moment of a particle confined in a magnetic dipole field in the presence of a low-frequency electrostatic wave. It is shown that there exist two kinds of resonances (the bounce-E x B drift resonance and the wave-drift resonance) by which the adiabaticity of the magnetic moment is broken. The unstable conditions obtained by theoretical considerations showed good agreement with the numerical results.

Murakami, Sadayoshi↗