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Evidence for endohedral muonium in K(x) C60 and consequences for electronic structure

Positive muons injected into solid C60, K4C60, and K6C60 form vacuumlike muonium with a (6-12) percent probability. Observation of coherent spin precession of muonium establishes that all three materials are nonmagnetic and nonconducting at low temperatures. From the temperature dependence of the signals we estimate the electronic band gaps in K4C60 and K6C60 to be considerably smaller than in C60. The similarity of the muonium centers supports a model in which a muonium atom is caged inside the C60 molecule in pure C60 or the C60 exp -x molecular ion in K(x)C60.

Kiefl, R. F.↗

Evidence of muonium formation using thin gold foils in vacuum

The production of thermal muonium in a vacuum region has been investigated using an array of 200 thin (about 1000 A thick) gold foils exposed to a stopping positive-muon beam. By examining the observed time dependence of the positive-muon decay spectra in various transverse magnetic field, it is estimated that the lower limit of the probability of muonium formation by these gold foils placed in vacuum was 0.28 plus or minus 0.05.

Barnett, B. A.↗

Three-body Coulomb bound states

The binding energies of three-particle systems containing two electrons and one positive particle of mass M are reexamined in an attempt to understand the approximate proportionality of the 1Se ground-state binding energies of the reduced masses, as pointed out by Botero and Green (1986). The contribution to the energy of the mass-polarization term is evaluated. No fundamental principle is involved, since the mass polarization merely decreases somewhat as the mass of the positive particle is reduced below the proton mass. In the case of the excited 3Pe state, this reduction is not sufficient to allow binding when M approaches the electron mass. Some properties of the recently observed negative muonium ion (e/-/ mu/+/ e/-/) are also computed.

Bhatia, A. K.↗