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Mg(NO3)2 crystallizes in the cubic Pa-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mg2+ is bonded in a distorted octahedral geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Mg–O bond lengths are 2.13 Å. N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three equivalent O2- atoms. All N–O bond lengths are 1.26 Å. O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mg2+ and one N5+ atom.
Mg(NO4)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one Mg(NO4)2 sheet oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. Mg is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six O atoms. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.16 Å. N is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of N–O bond distances ranging from 1.23–1.30 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mg and one N atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mg and one N atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Mg atom.