First principles calculations predict stable 50 nm nickel ferrite particles in PWR coolant
Not Available
O’Brien, C. J.↗
SEARCH · Search NASA
Results for “NICKEL 50”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
A 50 AH nickel cadmium battery activation and charge retention parametric study for LANDSAT-D
An alternate nickel-cadmium cell activation scheme was developed which significantly reduces battery dissipation while maintaining the cell active material in the proper electrochemical state. The new procedure of charging at C/20 for 8 hours, C/10 for 6 hours and followed by C/5 to a voltage limit of 1.430 volt/cell significantly reduces the heat dissipation and charge period when compared to the standard activation practice of charging at C/20 for 48 hours. In addition, subsequent discharge voltage profiles using the new scheme are higher when compared to the standard practice. The effects of extended open-circuit periods on nickel-cadmium cell results in a capacity loss of approximately 0.7 percent and 1.4 percent per day at 23 and 35 degrees Celsius, respectively.
Tasevoli, M.↗
Qualification testing of General Electric 50 Ah nickel-cadmium cells with Pellon 2536 separator and passivated positive plates
Forty-two 50 Ah nickel-cadmium cells were delivered to the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) by General Electric (GE) in February, 1985 for the purpose of evaluating and qualifying a nonwoven nylon separator material, Pellon 2536, and the GE positive plate nickel attack control gas passivation process. Testing began May, 1985 at the Naval Weapons Support Center (NWSC) in Crane, Indiana with GSFC standard initial evaluation tests. Life cycling in both Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) began in July, 1985 with approximately 6500 LEO cycles and three GEO eclipse seasons completed. After early problems in maintaining test pack temperature control, all packs are performing well but are exhibiting higher than normal charge voltage characteristics.
Morrow, George W.↗
Nuclear Data Sheets for A=50
The experimental nuclear structure and decay data are evaluated for all the known nuclides of mass 50 (Cl, Ar, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni). Here, detailed evaluated nuclear structure information are presented in individual decay and reaction datasets and the best values are recommended in the Adopted dataset for level properties, γ and β radiations, and other spectroscopic information. No excited states are known in 50Cl and 50Ni, and limited information is available for 50 Ar, 50 K, 50 Fe and 50 Co. This work supersedes earlier evaluations of A=50 by 2011El01, 1995Bu09, 1990Bu18, 1984Al29, and 1976Au07.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Parallel 50 ampere hour nickel cadmium battery performance in the Modular Power Subsystems (MPS)
The thermal performance of 50-ampere-hour, nickel cadmium batteries for use in a modular spacecraft is examined in near-Earth orbit simulation. Battery voltage and temperature profiles for temperature extreme cycles are given and discussed.
Webb, D. A.↗
Qualification Testing of General Electric 50 Ah Nickel-Cadmium Cells with New Separator and New Positive Plate Processing
Forty-two 50 Ah aerospace nickel-cadmium cells were delivered to Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) by General Electric (GE) in February, 1985, for the purpose of evaluating and qualifying a new nylon separator material Pellon 2536, and the new GE Positive Plate Nickel Attack Control Passivation process. Testing began in May, 1985, at the Naval Weapons Support Center (NWSC) in Crane, Indiana with standard initial evaluation tests. Life cycling in both Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) began in July, 1985, with approximately 1200 LEO cycles complete at this writting. Early test results show that cells with positive plate passivation exhibit higher than normal charge voltage characteristics. Other aspects of performance were nominal.
Morrow, G. W.↗
NASA 50 amp hour nickel cadmium battery waste heat determination
A process for determining the waste heat generated in a 50-ampere-hour, nickel cadmium battery as a function of the discharge rate is described and results are discussed. The technique involved is essentially calibration of the battery as a heat transfer rate calorimeter. The tests are run at three different levels of battery activity, one at 40-watts of waste heat generated, one at 60, and one at 100. Battery inefficiency ranges from 14 to 18 percent at discharge rates of 284 to 588 watts, respectively and top-of-cell temperatures of 20 C.
Mueller, V. C.↗
Measurement of spin-flip probabilities for ultracold neutrons interacting with nickel phosphorus coated surfaces
In this paper, we report a measurement of the spin-flip probabilities for ultracold neutrons interacting with surfaces coated with nickel phosphorus. For 50 μm thick nickel phosphorus coated on stainless steel, the spin-flip probability per bounce was found to be β NiP on SS = (3.3 +1.8, -5.6) X 10 -6 . For 50 μm thick nickel phosphorus coated on aluminum, the spin-flip probability per bounce was found to be β NiP on Al = (3.6 +2.1, -5.9) X 10 -6 . For the copper guide used as reference, the spin flip probability per bounce was found to be β Cu = (6.7 + 5.0, -2.5) X 10 -6 . The results on the nickel phosphorus-coated surfaces may be interpreted as upper limits, yielding β NiP on SS < 6.2 X 10 -6 (90% C.L.) and β NiP on Al < 7.0 X 10 -6 (90% C.L.) for 50 μm thick nickel phosphorus coated on stainless steel and 50 μm thick nickel phosphorus coated on aluminum, respectively. Finally, nickel phosphorus coated stainless steel or aluminum provides a solution when low-cost, mechanically robust, and non-depolarizing UCN guides with a high Fermi potential are needed.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Failure analysis of a 3.5 inch, 50 ampere-hour nickel-hydrogen cell
The 3.5 inch, 50 ampere-hour nickel-hydrogen cell was on a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) test regime and was being cycled at 10 C and 60 percent depth of discharge. At cycle number 511 the Automatic Control and Data Acquisition System (ACDAS) terminated the test when the end of discharge voltage dropped below the 1.00 volt cutoff. Upon removal of the stack assembly from the pressure vessel, portions of the zircar separator were found to be completely missing. Upon further examination portions of both the positive and negative plates were found to be missing from its substrate and several gas screens were damaged due to excessive heat which caused fusing. The postulated cause of failure is free electrolyte in the cell which caused oxygen channelization resulting in localized recombination which degraded the stack components.
Fuhr, Kenneth H.↗
Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 50
The experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 50 (Cl,Ar,K,Ca,Sc,Ti,V, Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni) have been evaluated and presented together with Adopted properties for levels and {gamma} rays. This evaluation has been carried out about 15 years after the previous one by Thomas Burrows (1995Bu29). Except for {sup 50}Sc and {sup 50}V, extensive new data have become available for all the other nuclides in the intervening years. The data for {sup 50}Sc and {sup 50}V have also been checked again in detail and several changes made. No data are yet available for excited states in {sup 50}Cl, {sup 50}Ar and {sup 50}Ni. This work supersedes earlier evaluations (1995Bu29, 1990Bu18, 1984Al29, 1976Au07) of A=50 nuclides.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Preliminary results: Root cause investigation of orbital anomalies and failures in NASA standard 50 ampere-hour nickel-cadmium batteries
Two lots of NASA standard 50 A.H. Ni-Cd battery cells, manufactured by Gates Aerospace Batteries and built into batteries by McDonnell Douglas, have experienced significant performance problems. The two lots were used on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. Both of these satellites are Low Earth Orbital (LEO) satellites containing batteries on a parallel bus charged to NASA standard V/T curves using a NASA standard power regulator. The following preliminary conclusions were reached: (1) several plate and cell parameters have migrated within their spec limits over the years (in some cases, from one extreme to the other); (2) several parametric relationships, not generally monitored and therefore not under specification control, have also migrated over the years; (3) many of these changes appear to have taken place as a natural consequence of changes in GE/GAB materials and processes; (4) several of these factors may be 'conspiring' to aggravate known cell failure mechanisms (factors such as heavier plate, less teflon and/or less-uniform teflon, and less electrolyte) but all are still in spec (where specs exist); (5) the weight of the evidence collected to characterize the anomalies and to characterize the negative electrode itself, strongly suggests that alterations to the structure, composition, uniformity, and efficiency of the negative electrode are at the heart of the battery performance problems currently being experienced; and (6) further investigation at all levels (plate, cell, battery, and system) continues to be warranted.
Toft, Mark R.↗
The 50 AMP-hour nickel cadmium battery manual
The battery is designed with a minimum battery to cell weight ratio consistent with adequate containment for operating conditions and dynamic environments and minimized weight. The battery is fully qualified and the environments to which it was successfully subjected were selected by NASA Goddard to cover a wide range of probable uses. The battery is suitable for either near-Earth geosynchronous missions, is compatible with passive or active thermal control systems and may be electrically controlled by a variety of changing routines. The initial application of the 50 A.H. Battery is a near-Earth mission aboard the LANDSAT D Satellite.
Webb, D. A.↗
High-rate/high-temperature capability of a single-layer zicar-separator nickel-hydrogen cell
A 50 Ampere-hour nickel-hydrogen cell with a single-layer Zircar separator stack design was fully charged and then discharged at a 2C current rate to an end voltage of 1 volt. This extreme test resulted in high temperatures which were recorded at three locations on the cell, i.e., the cell wall, the boss (barrel of the compression seal), and a terminal. The results provide new information about the high-temperature and high-discharge-rate capabilities of nickel-hydrogen cells. This information also adds to the growing data base for single-layer zirconium-oxide-cloth (Zircar) separator cell designs.
Wheeler, James R.↗
Component variations and their effects on bipolar nickel-hydrogen cell performance
A 50 cell bipolar nickel-hydrogen battery was assembled to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a high voltage stack of cells. Various component combinations were tested in this battery. The battery had approximately 1 ampere-hour of capacity and was constructed from components with an active area of 2" X 2". The components were parametrically varied to give a comparison of nickel electrodes, hydrogen electrodes, separators, fill procedures and electrolyte reservoir plate thicknesses. Groups of five cells were constructed using the same components; ten combinations were tested in all. The battery was thoroughly characterized at various change and discharge rates as well as with various pulse patterns and rates. Over a period of 1400 40% DOD LEO cycles some of the groups began to exhibit performance differences. In general, only separator variations had a significant effect on cell performance. It also appears that shunt currents may have been operating within the stack, resulting in electrolyte transfer from one cell to another, thus contributing to cell performance variations.
Manzo, Michelle A.↗
Component variations and their effects on bipolar nickel-hydrogen cell performance
A 50 cell bipolar nickel-hydrogen battery was assembled to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a high voltage stack of cells. Various component combinations were tested in this battery. The battery had approximately 1 ampere-hour of capacity and was constructed from components with an active area of 2 x 2 inches. The components were parametrically varied to give a comparison of nickel electrodes, hydrogen electrodes, separators, fill procedures and electrolyte reservoir plate thicknesses. Groups of five cells were constructed using the same components; ten combinations were tested in all. The battery was thoroughly characterized at various change and discharge rates as well as with various pulse patterns and rates. Over a period of 1400 40-percent DOD LEO cycles some of the groups began to exhibit performance differences. In general, only separator variations had a significant effect on cell performance. It also appears that shunt currents may have been operating within the stack, resulting in electrolyte transfer from one cell to another, thus contributing to cell performance variations.
Manzo, Michelle A.↗
Nickel Titanium Alloys, Methods of Manufacture Thereof and Article Comprising the Same
Disclosed herein is a shape memory alloy comprising 48 to 50 atomic percent nickel, 15 to 30 atomic percent hathium, 1 to 5 atomic percent aluminum; with the remainder being titanium. Disclosed herein too is a method of manufacturing a shape memory alloy comprising mixing together to form an alloy nickel, hafnium, aluminum and titanium in amounts of 48 to 50 atomic percent nickel, 15 to 30 atomic percent hafnium, 1 to 5 atomic percent aluminum; with the remainder being titanium; solution treating the alloy at a temperature of 700 to 1300.degree. C. for 50 to 200 hours; and aging the alloy at a temperature of 400 to 800.degree. C. for a time period of 50 to 200 hours to form a shape memory alloy.
Manuel, Michele Viola↗
Large Scale Synthesis of Manganese Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anode Materials for Long Cycle Lithium Ion Batteries
Manganese oxides have been frequently used as cathodes in primary batteries. Applications of manganese oxides in secondary batteries are limited by low electrical conductivity and rapid capacity fading because of electrode pulverization and aggregation. In this study, a solid-state synthetic strategy is presented that successfully combines nanosize (~ 50 nm) nickel doped α-MnO 2 with reduced graphene oxides as highly stable composite anodes in lithium ion batteries. The synthesis approach is easy to scale up and suitable for industrial applications. Here, the rationally designed Ni-α-MnO 2 /RGO was tested in galvanostatic half coin cells for Li + charge-discharge studies. The results show that this composite maintains a high capacity of 615 mAh g -1 even after 200 cycles at a high current rate of 1 C (830 mA g -1 ), and with a high Coulombic efficiency near 99%. The anodes exhibit excellent rate capability in a wide range of rate testing from 0.2 to 10 C, without showing capacity decay. This superior anode performance is ascribed to the reduced size of α-MnO 2 domains that are well dispersed in an RGO matrix, which affords good ionic/elec. cond., low charge transfer resistance and mitigates issues of vol. expansion of the anodic active materials. This study opens up an avenue for developing the manufacturing of high-performance electrodes for real applications, such as batteries in electrical vehicles.
25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of samples from the Santa Catharina iron meteorite
Conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) of samples from the Santa Catharina iron meteorite shows the presence of the ordered iron-nickel phase with 50% Ni, tetrataenite, and of the paramagnetic iron-nickel phase with 25% Ni. The FeNi phase with 50% Ni amounts to 70% of the iron-nickel alloys. Futhermore, the CEM spectra show the presence of small peaks from one or more spinel compounds. These small peaks are more pronounced when regions near the rim of the samples are analyzed. The X-ray diffraction of different areas of the samples, both optically dark and optically light areas, shows the presence of a diffraction pattern from a single f.c.c. lattice with a lattice parameter of a=3.58A This means that the two different Fe-Ni phases seen in the CEMS analysis occupy the same lattice. The X-ray photographs also show the presence of super-structure reflections from the ordered FeNi phase, and that the orientation of the f.c.c. lattice is the same within the whole sample.
Roy-Poulsen, H.↗