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Materials Data on Na2Si4O9 by Materials Project

Na2Si4O9 is Esseneite-derived structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent Na1+ sites. In the first Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.68 Å. In the second Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.73 Å. In the third Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–3.01 Å. In the fourth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.26–2.99 Å. In the fifth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.95 Å. In the sixth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.37–2.65 Å. There are twelve inequivalent Si4+ sites. In the first Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing SiO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–1.85 Å. In the second Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 32–37°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.67 Å. In the third Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–55°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.68 Å. In the fourth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing SiO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–1.84 Å. In the fifth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing SiO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–1.81 Å. In the sixth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 32–53°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.69 Å. In the seventh Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 21–45°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.67 Å. In the eighth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–51°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.67 Å. In the ninth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–48°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. In the tenth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 20–44°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.67 Å. In the eleventh Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 35–49°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.67 Å. In the twelfth Si4+ site, Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two SiO6 octahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–51°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. There are twenty-seven inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms. In the twenty-seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Si4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Estimation of the viscosities of silicate liquids at high pressure from measurements of oxygen diffusivity

The dynamics and evolution of a magma ocean depend significantly on the structure and physical properties of silicate liquids at high pressure. Viscosity is particularly important because of its effect on the dynamics of convection and crystal setting. Traditionally, the viscosities of silicate liquids have been measured at high pressure by falling sphere viscometry but, due to some limitations of this technique, few measurements have been made at pressures exceeding 2.5 GPa. An alternative approach, which has previously been proven up to 2 GPa, is to use high pressure measurements of oxygen self-diffusivity (D) to estimate viscosity (eta) from the Eyring relationship eta = kT/D lambda (where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is absolute temperature, and lambda is the diffusive jump distance). We have performed preliminary experiments on Na2Si4O9 liquid in order to explore the feasibility of this method up to pressures in excess of 10 GPa. Diffusion couples were prepared from glass starting materials with one half of the sample enriched in O-18 and the other half containing the natural abundance (0.2 wt percent). Diffusion experiments were performed at 1600 to 1800 C at pressures in the range of 2.5 to 10 GPa for times up to 6 minutes using a 1200 ton multianvil apparatus. Oxygen diffusivities were derived from the resulting O-18 concentration profiles, which were analyzed using an ion microprobe. At 1800 C, oxygen diffusivities increase continuously from 1 x 10(exp -10) m(exp -2) s(exp -1) at 2.5 Gpa to 5 x 10(exp -10) m(exp -2) s(exp -1) at 10 GPa. From the Eyring relationship, the viscosity of Na2SiO9 liquid is predicted to decrease by approx. 0.7 log units over this pressure range at 1800 C. These trends, which can be related to changes in the structure of the liquid at high pressure, are in agreement with results of molecular dynamics calculations. These results suggest that it should be possible to estimate the viscosities of silicate liquids up to at least 15 GPa and 2200 C by this method.

Rubie, D. C.↗