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Materials Data on NaO3 by Materials Project

NaO3 is Baddeleyite-like structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Imm2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Na is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.47–2.71 Å. There are two inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded to three equivalent Na and one O atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ONa3O tetrahedra. The O–O bond length is 1.37 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Na and two equivalent O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Fused-ring isomerism modulates molecular packing and device performance in non-halogenated organic solar cells

Subtle changes in molecular backbone geometry impact intermolecular interactions and performance of organic solar cells. Here, three isomeric small-molecule acceptors (NaO1, NaO2, and NaO3) are investigated to reveal how different fused-ring configurations control molecular packing, electronic coupling, and film formation. Structural and spectroscopic analyses show that the linearly fused NaO1 forms a compact three-dimensional packing network with large and balanced electronic couplings (>24 meV) across multiple directions, while the more curved analogues exhibit excessive crystallization and phase segregation. In-situ optical measurements demonstrate that NaO1 promotes fast and continuous structural evolution during film formation, resulting in smooth morphology and homogeneous phase distribution. These structural and dynamic advantages facilitate efficient charge generation and transport, accompanied by reduced non-radiative energy loss, ultimately achieving an efficiency of 20.07% for non-halogenated ternary devices. Our findings highlight how fused-ring isomerism decisively governs structure–packing–performance relationships in organic solar cells.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗