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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

United States Nuclear Power Reactor Used Nuclear Fuel Database and Applications

The Unified Database (UDB) within STANDARDS serves as the foundational data infrastructure for managing the United States' spent nuclear fuel inventory of 315,111 discharged assemblies totaling 91,036 metric tons of heavy metal. The database organizes this complex inventory through over 200 interconnected tables structured into eight primary attribute categories, supporting integrated analyses across storage, transportation, and disposal domains. Data enters the UDB through the GC-859 Nuclear Fuel Data Survey, which transitioned to web-based collection in 2023, improving data quality through real-time validation. The UDB enables automated generation of input files for nuclear safety analyses, reducing preparation time from weeks to hours while maintaining traceability. Applications include national inventory reporting, Certificate of Compliance assessments, and facility optimization. The three-tier distribution model balances accessibility with security requirements for federal agencies, national laboratories, and research organizations. The UDB provides essential data infrastructure as spent fuel management transitions from site-specific to integrated national campaigns.

Stefanovic, Peter↗
DOE OSTI2024

Digital Assurance for High Consequence Systems: 2024 Mission Campaign White Paper

This Sandia National Laboratories Mission Campaign (MC) seeks to create the technical basis that allows national leaders to efficiently assess and manage the digital assurance of high consequence systems. We will call for transformative research that enables efficient (1) development of provably secure systems and secure integration of untrusted products, (2) intelligent threat mitigation, and (3) digital risk-informed engineering trade-offs. Ultimately, this MC will impact multiple national security missions; it will develop an informed Digital Assurance for High Consequence Systems (DAHCS) community and expand Sandia partnerships to build this national capability.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Rapid SACR Observations of Convection at Bankhead National Forest (RAPID) Field Campaign Report

Improving our representation of convective cell processes requires better quantification of convective clouds throughout their entire life cycle. This includes gaining a clearer understanding of the controls on key convective cloud properties, such as updraft intensity, particle size distributions, rainfall rates, and hydrometeor species. Our inability to improve convective cloud process modeling stems, in part, from a limited understanding of convective cell properties, particularly given how rapidly these storms evolve. This lack of detailed observations in the most intense and organized convective storms is especially significant, as large errors remain in representing these clouds, which are critical for severe weather prediction and Earth system model performance. Cloud and precipitation radars are essential tools for studying cloud microphysics and dynamics, particularly in deeper convective clouds. The recent U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility’s third Mobile Facility (AMF3) Bankhead National Forest (BNF) deployment provides a unique opportunity to investigate important land–atmosphere interactions, as well as the environmental controls on deep convective cloud processes, in a location favorable for frequent convection. We operate the X/Ka-band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar (X/Ka SACR) using a scan strategy optimized to capture these rapidly evolving clouds and their properties, thereby improving studies of deep convective cloud processes. This effort is strengthened by a complementary and coordinated partnership with ongoing university and multi-agency radar activities collocated in north Alabama—a unique opportunity to examine clouds and precipitation from a lifetime-centric perspective.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

CROCUS Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge Data from Argonne Deployable Mast Deployed at Argonne National Laboratory During Urban Flooding Campaign

The Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge (TBRG) dataset contains data from a non-heated Met One 12-inch tipping bucket rain gauge that was mounted on the Argonne Deployable Mast (ADM). The ADM is a rapid deployable meteorological trailer that can be outfitted with instrumentation to measure urban heat island effects, urban flooding or urban flux measurements. During the urban flooding field campaign, the ADM was outfitted with multiple precipitation measurement systems, including the TBRG. This dataset contains one minute measurements for precipitation accumulation during the ADM's deployment at the Argonne Testbed for Multiscale Observational Science (ATMOS) site. These data are helpful for identifying periods of precipitation, leading to potential flooding. TBRGs can be used to validate optical rain gauge data and disdrometer data collected during the CROCUS urban flooding campaign. Data were collected at ATMOS, a 20-acre prairie site at Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont, Illinois. The data is presented as daily NetCDF (.nc) files, each containing approximately 24 hours of observations. Files follow the naming convention of: the project (CROCUS), location (ADM-atmos), instrument name (tbrg), data level (raw, a1), and date (year, month, day). The NetCDF format can be accessed using common scientific software such as Python using xarray, netCDF4 or act-doe.

1-min Precipitation Accumulation↗
DOE OSTI2024

High-yield implosion modeling using the Frustraum: Assessing and controlling the formation of polar jets and enhancing implosion performance with applied magnetization

Frustraums have a higher laser-to-capsule x-ray radiation coupling efficiency and can accommodate a large capsule, thus potentially generating a higher yield with less laser energy than cylindrical Hohlraums for a given Hohlraum volume [Amendt et al., Phys. Plasmas 26, 082707 (2019]. Frustraums are expected to have less m = 4 azimuthal asymmetries arising from the intrinsic inner-laser-beam geometry on the National Ignition Facility. An experimental campaign at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to demonstrate the high-coupling efficiency and radiation symmetry tuning of the Frustraum has been under way since 2021. Simulations benchmarked against experimental data show that implosions using Frustraums can achieve more yield with higher ignition margins than cylindrical Hohlraums using the same laser energy. Hydrodynamic jets in capsules along the Hohlraum axis, driven by radiation-flux asymmetries in a Hohlraum with a gold liner on a depleted uranium (DU) wall, are present around stagnation, and these “polar” jets can cause severe yield degradation. The early-time Legendre mode P4<0 radiation-flux asymmetry is a leading cause of these jets, which can be reduced by using an unlined DU Hohlraum because the shape of the shell is predicted to be more prolate. Magnetization can increase the implosion robustness and reduce the required hotspot ρR for ignition; therefore, magnetizing the Frustraum can maintain the same yield while reducing the required laser energy or increase the yield using the same laser energy—all under the constraint that the ignition margin is preserved. Reducing polar jets is particularly important for magnetized implosions because of the intrinsic toroidal hotspot ion temperature topology.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

233 U oxide Measurement Campaign Data: Passive and Active Neutron Multiplicity Measurements of Uranium Oxide Samples at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

During FY2023, three measurement campaigns were conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The goal was to quantify the neutron signatures of samples of uranium oxide containing uranium 233 and uranium-235. This report presents the neutron multiplicity data obtained using the large volume active well coincidence counter (LV-AWCC).

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Land-Surface Temperature Transitions at the Bankhead National Forest (LASTT-BNF) Field Campaign Report

Land surface types that are common in the Southeast United States (e.g., forests, agriculture, urban) can play key roles in the regulation of surface-atmosphere energy exchange and boundary-layer evolution in the region (Hinkle et al. 2024). Heterogeneity in these land-surface types and associated emissivities can drive strong transitions in land surface temperature (LST), which is an important component of the surface energy balance. Within the forested canopy surrounding the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility’s field deployment at the Bankhead National Forest (BNF) in Alabama main site (M1) (Kuang et al. 2026), the different components of the vegetation and ground surface can create strong gradients in surface temperature that can influence the canopy thermal environment and vegetative function (e.g., stress, transpiration), both of which can have important, yet poorly characterized, controls on lower atmospheric processes (e.g., thermal turbulence, secondary circulations).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

EPCAPE-Partitioning Thrust-Los Alamos National Laboratory (EPCAPE-PT-LANL) Field Campaign Report

Coastal cities offer a unique environment for studying aerosol-cloud interactions and the effects of urban emissions on aerosol and cloud properties. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)’s Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (EPCAPE), the Partitioning Thrust by Los Alamos National Laboratory (EPCAPE-PT-LANL) was conducted to complement the science goals of EPCAPE and add additional in-depth measurements of aerosols and clouds at Mt. Soledad. Our campaign focused on measuring the physical, optical, and chemical properties of aerosols, trace gases, and their interactions within marine stratocumulus clouds in La Jolla, California (see Figure 1).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Assessment of rare earth element fractionation in NIF implosions with radiochemically doped capsules

An ongoing experimental campaign at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) aims to measure neutron induced nuclear reaction cross–sections using radiochemically doped target capsules. Critical to this campaign is the ability to collect a representative sample of the reaction products using Solid Radiochemical Collectors (SRCs) fielded around the NIF chamber. The shot presented in this paper used a doped target capsule with a neopentane gas fill was to investigate the ratio of isotopes collected at three chamber angles. It was found that SRC samples of rare earth elements collected from NIF are representative of the ingoing dopant mix, thereby concluding that fractionation does not occur during a NIF implosion. This validates the doped capsule method for use in measuring neutron induced reaction cross-sections.

Capsule Doping↗
DOE OSTI2024

Model-Based Sequential Design of Experiments for Pilot Testing of Novel Water-Lean CO2 Capture Solvent

Poster for the 2024 Fossil Energy and Carbon Management Meeting. It summarizes work done on process modeling and uncertainty quantification in preparation for the test campaign at the National Carbon Capture Center for a general audience. The poster includes sections detailing background on the EEMPA solvent, sequential design of experiments, process modeling (including results from the model), uncertainty quantification, and the goals of the test campaign.

Hedrick, Katherine↗
DOE OSTI2025

Commission < 5 µm spatial resolution x-ray imager for High Resolution Turbulence experiments

This report presents the successful development, commissioning, and deployment of the Scintillation-Based X-ray Imager (SBXI) for the High-Resolution Turbulence (HRT) campaign at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The SBXI system was designed to overcome the spatial resolution and efficiency limitations of conventional x-ray imaging detectors. Through careful system engineering, rigorous laboratory characterization, and experimental validation at NIF, the SBXI has demonstrated spatial resolution at the object plane of 5 μm (±0.5 μm) and a detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of 34% at 7.2 keV, both of which surpass the requirements set by the campaign, and meeting the L2 milestone. The system’s deployment enables high-fidelity imaging of fine-scale hydrodynamic instabilities, directly supporting advanced turbulence model validation and future high energy density physics research.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Completion of Transport Property Measurements on Multiple Actinide Fluoride Mixtures

One of the missions of the US Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) Campaign under the Advanced Reactor Technology program has been to experimentally measure thermophysical properties of MSR-relevent salt systems, with the intent of supporting the development of the Molten Salt Thermal Properties Database (MSTDB). This database is jointly funded by the DOE-NE Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program and the MSR Campaign. Multiple DOE national laboratories, including Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), have been conducting measurements of thermophysical properties to support MSTDB development and provide MSR developers with access to new data that has been measured using modern methodologies and more advanced sample characterization techniques. These data may either fill gaps in the database or provide updated higher quality data to replace legacy data. Researchers at ORNL have recognized significant gaps in the transport property data of actinide-bearing fluoride salt systems of MSR industry interest. Moreover, for the data present in MSTDB in this category, the uncertainty margins are generally high, leading to questionability in our current understanding of the thermophysical characterization of actinide fluoride mixtures. As such, the focus of this study has been to generate new transport property data of actinide fluoride mixtures that are of immediate interest to MSR developers. Specifically, the mixtures NaF-UF 4 (78 - 22 mol%) and NaF-KF-UF 4 (57-16.04-26.91 mol%) have been studied—NaF-UF 4 for thermal conductivity and viscosity and NaF-KF-UF 4 for viscosity. Thermal conductivity measurements have been conducted with a variable gap apparatus, whereas viscosity has been measured with a rolling ball viscometer. Methodological and calibration details are provided for both measurement processes, along with measurement system updates that have enabled easier manufacturing of components and fewer challenges associated with conducting the measurements themselves. The resultant data collected for NaF-UF 4 (78–22 mol%) and NaF-KF-UF 4 (57-16.04-26.91 mol%) have been compared with relevant mixture data within the thermophysical arm of the MSTDB (MSTDB-TP).

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

WHYMSIE-SGP Field Campaign Report

Through a partnership between the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), this field campaign demonstrated first-of-its-kind hyperspectral microwave airborne measurements (Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer [CoSMIR-H]). It was complemented by other passive (infrared, visible) and active (lidar) sensors onboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft. Serving as a future NASA planetary boundary-layer (PBL) mission prototype, the Westcoast and Heartland Hyperspectral Microwave Intensive Experiment (WH 2 yMSIE, formerly WHyMSIE) aimed to capture a wide variety of thermodynamic, moisture, and PBL regimes across a variety of surface types. The intensive operating period of the campaign spanned from October 22, 2024, through November 15, 2024, and included a large network of collaborators.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Design and characterization of the time-resolved opacity spectrometer (OpSpecTR) for the NIF iron opacity campaign

A new time-resolved opacity spectrometer (OpSpecTR) is currently under development for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) opacity campaign. Here, the spectrometer utilizes Icarus version 2 (IV2) hybridized complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor sensors to collect gated data at the time of the opacity transmission signal, unlocking the ability to collect higher-temperature measurements on NIF. Experimental conditions to achieve higher temperatures are feasible; however, backgrounds will dominate the data collected by the current time-integrating opacity spectrometer. The shortest available OpSpecTR integration time of ~2 ns is predicted to reduce self-emission and other late-time backgrounds by up to 80%. Initially, three Icarus sensors will be used to collect data in the self-emission, backlighter, and absorption regions of the transmission spectrum, with plans to upgrade to five Daedalus sensors in future implementations with integration times of ~1.3 ns. We present the details of the diagnostic design along with recent characterization results of the IV2 sensors.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2025

Using radiochemistry to diagnose fuel-ablator mix in inertial confinement fusion studies at the National Ignition Facility: measurement of Tc/Mo isotopic ratios for the Pushered Single Shell campaign

The development of radiochemical measurement techniques as a diagnostic for fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility enables a new method for assessing fuel-ablator mix and the impact of this mix on capsule performance. Diagnosing capsule mix in internal confinement fusion studies is difficult due to the small spatial scales (10s of µm) and short-time frames (100s of ps) over which the mix typically evolves in these experiments. For the Pushered Single Shell campaign, radiochemical measurements on debris collected from fusion experiments can be used to determine isotopic ratios of activation products, particularly 96g Tc/ 99 Mo and 95g Tc/ 99 Mo, to provide vital information on nuclear reactions in the burning plasma that can inform simulations that seek to understand the degree of capsule-fuel mix and the impact on the capsule performance. These radiochemical measurements have been conducted regularly since November 2023 providing data on a range of capsule designs and neutron yields. Data from eight NIF experiments is presented, the measured 96g Tc/ 99 Mo and 95g Tc/ 99 Mo range from (0.5–5) × 10 –4 to (0.3–3) × 10 –4 , respectively. The development of radiochemical diagnostics aids in understanding and optimizing the design of fusion experiments, providing unique and valuable insights into capsule behavior and directly measuring fuel-ablator mix.

and nuclear chemistry↗
DOE OSTI2026

Tethered Balloon Observations of Vertically Resolved Aerosol Size Distributions during the U.S. DOE ARM CoURAGE and BNF Campaigns

This dataset contains vertically resolved aerosol particle number size distributions measured using a miniature Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer (mSEMS) deployed aboard the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Tethered Balloon System (TBS) during the 2025 Coast-Urban-Rural Atmospheric Gradient Experiment (CoURAGE) and Bankhead National Forest (BNF) field campaigns. The mSEMS measured aerosol size distributions over approximately 10–300 nm during repeated TBS vertical profiles through the atmospheric boundary layer. The dataset provides measurements of particle number size distributions as a function of particle diameter, altitude, and time and supports investigation of aerosol vertical structure, elevated ultrafine and Aitken-mode particle layers, boundary-layer evolution, and residual-layer processes.

ARM↗