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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) Instrument Handbook

Three photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) measurement instruments were deployed at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility’s Bankhead National Forest (BNF) observatory, installed on three different instrument towers within the forest. Each of the three instruments comprises an enclosure at the base of the tower, containing a datalogger and internal humidity sensor, connected to external PAR sensors mounted at various heights and vertical orientations on the same tower. PAR sensors measure radiation reaching the sensor with wavelengths from 400-700 nm, per unit area, per unit time, or the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD, µmol photons m -2 s -1 ). On the 43-meter tower of BNF supplemental site S10, sensors are located 43 m, 22 m, 10 m, and 5 m from ground level. Downwelling radiation is measured with upward-facing sensors at all heights, and upwelling radiation is measured with downward-facing sensors at 43 m and 5 m. On the two 10-m towers of BNF supplemental sites S13 and S14, upwelling radiation is measured at 8 m and 2 m, and downwelling radiation is measured at 8 m.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Meteorological Conditions in Urban Sites in Knoxville, USA. 2023

This 2023 dataset, which contains four csv files, reports hourly air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, incident short wave, reflected short wave, incident long wave, emitted long wave, net radiation, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) data measured in urban parks in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. The sites include Cumberland Estates Park (CEP), Socially Equal Energy Efficient Development (SEEED), West Hills (WHP), and Victor Ashe Park (VAP). Air temperature, wind speed and direction, and solar radiation data were obtained from a METER ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Station (Pullman, Washington, USA). Incident and emitted radiation (shortwave and longwave) measurements were made using an Apogee (Logan, Utah, USA) net radiometer (Model SN-500-SS). The SQ-521 Full-Spectrum Quantum sensor (Apogee Instruments, Inc) recorded the PAR. The measurement data for CEP, SEEED, and VAP started on July 1, 2023, while WHP started on August 26, 2023. All measurement ended on December 31, 2023. This work is a part of a larger study which investigates the impact of soil moisture and plant evapotranspiration on ambient temperature and relative humidity in several city parks in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Salvador, Christian [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000283287777↗
DOE OSTI2026

Meteorological Conditions in Urban Sites in Knoxville, USA. 2025

This 2025 dataset, which contains five csv files, reports hourly air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, incident short wave, reflected short wave, incident long wave, emitted long wave, net radiation, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) data measured in urban parks in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. The sites include Cumberland Estates Park (CEP), Socially Equal Energy Efficient Development (SEEED), West Hills Park (WHP), West View Park (WVP), and Victor Ashe Park (VAP). Air temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation data were obtained from a METER ATMOS 41 All-in-One Weather Station (Pullman, Washington, USA). Incident and emitted radiation (shortwave and longwave) measurements were made using an Apogee (Logan, Utah, USA) net radiometer (Model SN-500-SS). The SQ-521 Full-Spectrum Quantum sensor (Apogee Instruments, Inc) recorded the PAR. The measurement data for all the sites started on January 1, 2025. and all measurement ended on December 31, 2025. This work is a part of a larger study which investigates the impact of soil moisture and plant evapotranspiration on ambient temperature and relative humidity in several city parks in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Salvador, Christian [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000283287777↗
DOE OSTI2024

A ligand discovery toolbox for the WWE domain family of human E3 ligases

The WWE domain is a relatively under-researched domain found in twelve human proteins and characterized by a conserved tryptophan-tryptophan-glutamate (WWE) sequence motif. Six of these WWE domain-containing proteins also contain domains with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The general recognition of poly-ADP-ribosylated substrates by WWE domains suggests a potential avenue for development of Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs). Here, we present novel crystal structures of the HUWE1, TRIP12, and DTX1 WWE domains in complex with PAR building blocks and their analogs, thus enabling a comprehensive analysis of the PAR binding site structural diversity. Furthermore, we introduce a versatile toolbox of biophysical and biochemical assays for the discovery and characterization of novel WWE domain binders, including fluorescence polarization-based PAR binding and displacement assays, 15 N-NMR-based binding affinity assays and 19 F-NMR-based competition assays. Through these assays, we have characterized the binding of monomeric iso -ADP-ribose ( iso -ADPr) and its nucleotide analogs with the aforementioned WWE proteins. Finally, we have utilized the assay toolbox to screen a small molecule fragment library leading to the successful discovery of novel ligands targeting the HUWE1 WWE domain.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Rapid organic carbon spiraling in a headwater stream linked with streamflow, biogeochemistry, and canopy phenology

Headwater streams are abundant worldwide and important to global biogeochemical cycles, serving as critical processors and transporters of C. C spiraling is a useful way to understand the retention and mineralization of organic C (OC) in streams. However, analyses of seasonal and interannual variability in OC spiraling are currently limited. In this study, we aimed to understand the temporal patterns and driving mechanisms of OC spiraling, which will inform our understanding of future OC changes under climate change. We used 7 y of daily data in a small headwater stream (Walker Branch, Tennessee, USA) to assess seasonal and interannual variability in OC spiraling length (S OC ) and mineralization velocity (v fOC ), as well as their potential related variables. On average, S OC in Walker Branch was ~10× shorter than in previously studied small streams, indicating strong connections between the water column and the benthic environment where OC mineralization mostly takes place. OC spiraling was faster during the more biologically active periods of spring and autumn compared with more elongated OC spiraling in summer and winter, when OC retention was lower and downstream transport was higher. Gross primary production (GPP) was most strongly related to S OC and v fOC . Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and NO 3 − were also positively and negatively related to v fOC , respectively. Trends toward earlier and longer canopy cover and reduced GPP and PAR may result in longer S OC and slower v fOC , reducing localized instream processing of OC and potentially shunting more OC downstream. However, long-term observations indicate reduced NO 3 − at Walker Branch, suggesting opposing effects to those of GPP and PAR, leading to faster v fOC and greater OC retention. Time-series analyses of OC spiraling in streams can enhance our understanding of current and future responses of OC processing and downstream transport to climate change, as well as implications for downstream OC dynamics.

biological activity↗
DOE OSTI2024

Beyond the visible: Accounting for ultraviolet and far‐red radiation in vegetation productivity and surface energy budgets

Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is typically defined as light with a wavelength within 400–700 nm. However, ultra-violet (UV) radiation within 280–400 nm and far-red (FR) radiation within 700–750 nm can also excite photosystems, though not as efficiently as PAR. Vegetation and land surface models (LSMs) typically do not explicitly account for UV's contribution to energy budgets or photosynthesis, nor FR's contribution to photosynthesis. However, whether neglecting UV and FR has significant impacts remains unknown. Here, we explored how canopy radiative transfer (RT) and photosynthesis are impacted when explicitly implementing UV in the canopy RT model and accounting for UV and FR in the photosynthesis models within a next-generation LSM that can simulate hyperspectral canopy RT. We validated our improvements using photosynthesis measurements from plants under different light sources and intensities and surface reflection from an eddy-covariance tower. Our model simulations suggested that at the whole plant level, after accounting for UV and FR explicitly, chlorophyll content, leaf area index (LAI), clumping index, and solar radiation all impact the modeling of gross primary productivity (GPP). At the global scale, mean annual GPP within a grid would increase by up to 7.3% and the increase is proportional to LAI; globally integrated GPP increases by 4.6 PgC year −1 (3.8% of the GPP without accounting for UV + FR). Further, using PAR to proxy UV could overestimate surface albedo by more than 0.1, particularly in the boreal forests. Our results highlight the importance of improving UV and FR in canopy RT and photosynthesis modeling and the necessity to implement hyperspectral or multispectral canopy RT schemes in future vegetation and LSMs.

energy budget↗
DOE OSTI2024

Evaluating integration and performance of containerized climate applications on a Hewlett Packard Enterprise Cray system

Containers have taken over large swaths of cloud computing as the most convenient way of packaging and deploying applications. The features that containers offer for packaging and deploying applications translate to high performance computing (HPC) as well. At The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, containers provide an easy way to build and distribute complex HPC applications, allowing faster collaboration, portability, and experiment computer environment reproducibility amongst the scientific community. The challenge arises when applications rely on message passing interface (MPI). This necessitates investigation into how to properly run these applications with their own unique requirements and produce performance on par with native runs. We investigate the MPI performance for benchmarks and containerized climate models for various containers covering selection of compiler and MPI library combinations from the Cray provided programming environments on the Cray XC supercomputer GAEA. Performance from the benchmarks and the climate models shows that for the most part containerized applications perform on par with the natively built applications when the system optimized Cray MPICH libraries are bound into the container, and the hybrid model containers have poor performance in comparison. We also describe several challenges and our solutions in running these containers, particularly challenges with heterogeneous jobs for the containerized model runs.

Abraham, Subil↗
DOE OSTI2024

A late glacial paleoenvironmental and climate record from the Sierra de Juarez, Baja California

Ciénegas are desert wetlands that are strongly correlated with the stability of the hydrologic cycle in arid landscapes. However, these environments are particularly vulnerable to climate change, drought, water diversion, and fire suppression which all have contributed to the degradation of ciénegas along the U.S.-Mexican borderlands. Therefore, identifying the timing of precipitation patterns in this region is of particular interest because of its relationship to many ecological responses of the landscape such as groundwater recharge and fire. Here, we present the first-ever fire paleoenvironmental record from Ciénega Chimeneas, a ciénega complex in the Sierra de Juárez of Baja California. We explore how changes in the amount and seasonality of moisture affected ciénega complexes and fire activity from across the southwestern North American region over the past 45,000 years. Further, our record suggests that during the late glacial period, 41,000–21,000 cal yr BP, the increase of Larrea and Quercus indicate an increase in summer precipitation. Subsequently, when summer precipitation increased, pollen preservation and pollen accumulation rates (PAR) also increased. Increased vegetation allowed for increased fire activity during the late glacial period. Regionally, most of the comparison sites also indicated wet conditions during the full glacial period. However, around 21,000 cal yr BP, effective moisture decreased resulting in a dramatic change in the vegetation assemblage. Specifically, the summer wet taxa disappeared, while pollen preservation and PAR decreased, suggesting a dry period until ~14,000 cal yr BP. Little fire activity is recorded after 21,000 cal yr BP, likely due to the absence of fuels. At ~14,000 cal yr BP, Larrea and Quercus reappear suggesting increased summer precipitation. However, the appearance of Cyperaceae and increases in grasses suggest increased winter precipitation. We suggest that the combination of summer wet and winterwet taxa ~14,000 cal yr BP represents an increase in ENSO conditions, while the summer moisture controls remained relatively constant.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Impact of Sr-Containing Secondary Phases on Oxide Conductivity in Solid-Oxide Electrolyzer Cells

Solid-oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs) based on a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) oxide electrolyte produce hydrogen from water with the assistance of excess thermal energy; however, Sr diffusion within the Gd-doped CeO 2 (GDC) barrier layer during processing or operation can lead to the formation of unwanted secondary phases such as SrO and SrZrO 3 . Here, to establish and compare the degree of impact of these phases on SOEC performance, we conduct first-principles calculations to study their bulk oxide conductivities and compare them to that of the YSZ electrolyte. We find that SrO has a low conductivity arising from the poor mobility and low concentration of mobile oxygen vacancies, and its presence in SOECs should therefore be avoided. SrZrO 3 also has a lower oxide conductivity than YSZ; however, this discrepancy is primarily due to lower vacancy concentrations rather than low mobility. We find that sufficient levels of Y-doping on the Zr site can increase oxygen vacancy concentrations in SrZrO 3 to achieve an oxide ionic conductivity on par with that of YSZ, thereby mitigating any potential deleterious effect on transport performance. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirms that Y is the most common minority element present in SrZrO 3 forming near the GDC–YSZ interface, alleviating concerns regarding the impact of SrZrO 3 on device performance. These results from our combined computational–experimental analysis can inform future engineering strategies designed to limit the detrimental effects of Sr-induced secondary phase formation on SOEC performance.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2025

DeSelenator: A Se-Removal Process for Environmental Decontamination of Wastewaters from Coal-Burning Power Plants

Selenium may become a toxic contaminant of freshwater systems when released into the environment through industrial wastewaters from mining, coal-burning power plants, or oil refining. Efficient and cost-effective Se-removal technologies are therefore necessary to reduce Se concentrations in these wastewaters to below the regulatory discharge limits. In this study, we have demonstrated an effective process that removes Se, mostly as selenate anions, from wastewaters generated by coal-burning power plants. This process, dubbed DeSelenator, leverages the high concentration of sulfate relative to selenate in the wastewater and the propensity of these oxyanions to cocrystallize with benzene-bis-iminoguanidinium (BBIG) cations into extremely insoluble salts (on par with BaSO 4 ). The SO 4 2− /SeO 4 2− cocrystallization with BBIG removes over 90% of S and Se from the wastewater. Following removal of the precipitate by filtration, the filtrate is passed over an anion-exchange resin that further reduces selenium concentration to 5 ppb, the EPA’s regulatory limit for freshwater systems. Finally, the effluent is passed over an activated carbon column, which removes 99.8% of the residual BBIG ligand remaining after crystallization, allowing for the safe discharge of the treated water into the environment. The Se-removal process was first optimized in the lab at the bench scale and then tested in the field at the Tennessee Valley Authority’s Bull Run coal-burning power plant. A technoeconomic assessment found the cost of water treatment with DeSelenator is on par with that of the active biological method, which is currently considered a state-of-the-art Se-removal technology.

anions↗
DOE OSTI2025

PCM1 coordinates centrosome asymmetry with polarized endosome dynamics to regulate daughter cell fate

Vertebrate radial glia progenitors (RGPs) balance self-renewal and differentiation through asymmetric cell division (ACD), which involves unequal centrosome inheritance. How centrosome asymmetry directs cell fate remains poorly understood. Here, we identify Pericentriolar material 1 (Pcm1) as a key player in this process. In zebrafish embryonic RGPs, Pcm1 is asymmetrically associated with Cep83, a mother centrosome marker. Using in vivo time-lapse imaging and nanoscale-resolution expansion microscopy, we detect Pcm1 on Notch ligand-containing endosomes, where it interacts–either directly or indirectly–with Par-3 and dynein. Loss of pcm1 disrupts endosome dynamics, increasing neuronal differentiation at the expense of RGP self-renewal. Mechanistically, Pcm1 facilitates the transition from Rab5b to Rab11a and promotes the assembly of Par-3 and dynein macromolecular complexes on recycling endosomes. Furthermore, we find conserved PARD3-PCM1-CEP83-RAB11 associations in human cortical brain organoids. Our findings uncover that Pcm1 links centrosome asymmetry to polarized endosome trafficking, thereby regulating RGP fate decisions.

Cell fate and cell lineage↗
DOE OSTI2025

Normalized Solar-Induced Fluorescence Responds Earlier Than Vegetation Indices to the 2019 North China Plain Drought

Recently, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from satellites has shown potential for evaluating vegetation status and stress responses. Fluorescence quantum yield ($Φ_F$) is essentially linked to vegetation stress. However, the complex physiological and structural responses of SIF and $Φ_F$ to drought need further study. This study normalized SIF as SIFn to account for angular variations and fluctuations in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), aiming for more accurate drought monitoring. SIFn anomalies were compared to historical baselines (2019–2021 averages) of vegetation indices (VIs), raw SIF, and $Φ_F$ during a 2019 drought in the North China Plain (NCP). Here, the results show SIFn provides an effective method for drought monitoring, showing the earliest decline compared to raw SIF, VIs, and $Φ_F$. In the first two weeks of drought, SIFn decreased by 8.2%, 7.0%, 12.5%, and 8.2% across the four NCP subdivisions. SIFn outperformed other indicators, proving sensitive to early drought detection. SIFn was also examined for tracking drought alleviation by rainfall. The uncertainty under different viewing geometries was quantified. SIFn anomalies showed a strong correlation with rainfall anomalies (R: 0.45 ~ 0.52) and meteorological factors like PAR (R: 0.80 ~ 0.84) and relative humidity (R:0.52 ~ 0.54). The correlation of near-infrared reflectance (NIRv) and $Φ_F$ anomalies with SIF was weak during drought onset (R: 0.16 ~ 0.32) but strong at the end (R: 0.83 ~ 0.87). These suggest both canopy structure (mainly characterized by NIRv) and vegetation chlorophyll ($Φ_F$) are impacted by drought and influence SIF at different stages.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Particle Filter Based Inference Testing

The primary intent of PAR-FIT (Particle Filter based Inference Testing) is to provide hard inductive evidence that a machine learning model is capable and proven for an individual test input. By examining training data used to form the underlying model functional correlation, an estimate of the reliability that a model will make the correct prediction can be made. The Sequential Probability Ratio Test is used to derive a qualitative evaluation for reliability based on hypothesis testing. The PAR-FIT framework achieves this by implementing a particle filter and the sequential probability ratio test algorithms on the machine learning model training data to determine relevancy of new individual test samples to the training dataset. The kernel function evaluates the local proximity and density of training data used to derive a prediction outcome. Particles are used to probabilistically determine which training data to evaluate for proximity. For test samples that are within a close proximity to and surrounded by multiple training data points, the evaluated reliability of the prediction is high. For test samples that are anomalies not represented by the training dataset, in low density data clusters, or are far from existing data points, the evaluated reliability is low as insufficient training evidence exists to suggest the model is capable of making the correct prediction. Sequential Probability Ratio Test is further used to determine when a hypothesis on whether a signal can be rejected or accepted for use. The ratio test collects sequence information from the particle filter to test whether the signal is anomalous or normal via hypothesis testing of the underlying distributions.

Chen, Edward [Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Ida↗
DOE OSTI2024

BTRIC Technical Support for Appalachia: FY 2024 Summary Report on Net Negative Carbon Building Demonstration with AgPod

This report investigates the effects of various concentrations of CO 2 on the photosynthesis and biomass accumulation of crops growing in an AgPod, using kale as the test crop. In the first year of the study, increasing the CO 2 concentration in the AgPod was found to promote higher photosynthetic rates in kale plants up to 1,300 ppm (the highest CO 2 concentration measured). An interesting finding was that net photosynthetic rates of kale leaves remain unsaturated until reaching unusually high levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, > 1,200 µmol m -1 s -1 ) and CO 2 concentration (> 1,100 ppm). Such high levels of saturating PAR and CO 2 concentration values rarely occur under natural conditions, suggesting a promising potential for carbon capture via enriched controlled environment agriculture (ECEA). During the second year of the study, a second crop was planted to confirm the actual effects on growth with increased CO 2 concentrations. Our results suggest that growing kale plants in the AgPod system at higher CO 2 levels resulted in a successful and highly productive crop, up to three times the amount grown at 415 CO 2 . Further, the kale plants grown under higher CO 2 conditions (1000 ppm) are not CO 2 saturated and can potentially further improve yield at even higher CO 2 environments.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2026

The U.S. Agrivoltaic Shading Tool: A National-Scale Interface for Modeling Light and Shade Patterns in Ten Common Agrivoltaic Configurations

Agrivoltaic systems are dual-use configurations that co-locate agriculture and photovoltaic (PV) infrastructure and require careful design to balance crop performance and energy generation. A critical element of agrivoltaic design is the spatial and temporal distribution of irradiance and shade within and around PV arrays. To support research, planning, and stakeholder decision-making, we introduce the U.S. Agrivoltaic Shading Tool, a novel web-based application that delivers high-resolution irradiance and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) modeling for ten standardized PV configurations across the conterminous United States. The tool leverages the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR) System Advisor Model (SAM) to perform detailed irradiance simulations, using meteorological data from the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). Outputs include seasonal, monthly, weekly, and diurnal patterns of available sunlight, amount of shade, irradiance, and PAR at ground level within agrivoltaic system footprints. For a user's selected location, these results are visualized through interactive visualizations, heatmaps, and time-series plots, designed to be accessible to both technical and non-technical users. In addition to facilitating rapid spatial exploration of agrivoltaic light environments, the tool will offer seamless integration with the InSPIRE Agrivoltaics Design and Analysis Model (ADAM). This optional workflow will allow users to port selected site and configuration parameters into a more advanced modeling environment for further customization of structural layouts, crop-system compatibility, power generation, and technoeconomic performance. Finally, to promote open science, the entire dataset will be hosted and available for open access through the OpenEI platform. By standardizing and disseminating high-quality irradiance data and design tools, the U.S. Agrivoltaic Shading Tool supports a wide range of users, including researchers, landowners, energy developers, and policymakers, in evaluating the agronomic and energetic feasibility of agrivoltaic systems across the United States.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

High-shade dryland agrivoltaic conditions enhanced carbon uptake and water-use efficiency in zucchini ( Cucurbita pepo )

Introduction: The increasing global demand for food and energy is intensifying land-use competition. Agrivoltaic systems are a multifunctional land-use approach that vertically integrates the production of agricultural crops and solar power on the same land area. Most food crops are adapted to full-sun conditions, and the physiological responses of these crops to the novel microclimate under solar panels remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that the microclimate beneath the high-density photovoltaic system would influence carbon uptake, water use, and yield outcomes of zucchini summer squash.Methods: We conducted a field experiment in a hot, semi-arid climate on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). Plants were grown under an agrivoltaic system with a 75% ground cover ratio (GCR) and in a full-sun control plot, each with two irrigation regimes (100 and 50%). We measured leaf-level photosynthesis, microclimate variables, and fruit yield at plant maturity and throughout the growing season.Results: The agrivoltaic array reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by ~79%, resulting in a cooler (−1.1 °C), more humid environment with higher soil moisture. These microclimatic conditions enhanced midday photosynthesis and daily cumulative carbon uptake. However, fruit yield was consistently lower under the panels, indicating a shift in carbon allocation toward vegetative growth. Photosynthesis was primarily driven by PAR across treatments, while soil moisture significantly influenced photosynthesis only in the control plots, suggesting water limitation was alleviated under the panels.Discussion: These findings highlight a trade-off between improved physiological performance and reduced yield under high-density agrivoltaics. While the system buffered heat and drought stress and improved overall plant function, excessive shade reduced reproductive output. Optimizing panel density or selecting crops cultivated for non-fruit yields will be essential for balancing food production and energy generation in dryland agrivoltaic settings.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Activities at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to Advance Nuclear Radiation Science among Underrepresented STEM Students

The Partnership for Radiation Studies (PaRS) consortium is a collaboration between two minority-serving institutions and two U.S. national laboratories. The five-year consortium is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), and it aims enhance workforce of underrepresented students in STEM disciplines. PaRS’ long-term goal is to train students for their prospective hiring in DOE laboratories and sites. As one of the two integral national laboratory partners, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is playing an integral role in achieving this goal via pertinent lectures, seminars, hands-on trainings, and outreach activities. This paper summarizes PNNL’s key activities and initiatives to train the next generation of underrepresented students in STEM disciplines.

Minority Serving Institutions Partnership Program,↗
DOE OSTI2025

Hourly gap-filled meteorological data from PIE LTER measurements (2004-2023) used as drivers to run ELM PFLOTRAN simulations

This dataset contains continuous gap-filled precipitation, solar radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and barometric pressure data recorded primarily at the Marshview Farm weather station within the Plum Island Long Term Ecosystems Research (PIE LTER) in Newbury Massachusetts (MA) from 2004 to 2023. We compiled the data set from published annual data packages in 15min resolution available on DataOne. Gaps were filled using different statistical techniques or available observations from the vicinity, e.g. the US-PLo and the US-PHM Ameriflux sites, also located within the PIE LTER. Flags are included in this dataset to indicate the origin of each data point. Metadata files ELMPFLOTRAN_met_dd.csv and ELMPFLOTRAN_met_flmd.csv contain more information on site locations, gap filling protocols, data variables, flags, and QA/QC methods. The data set was used in the spin up and simulations of a land surface model coupled to a biogeochemical reaction network (ELM PFLOTRAN) assessing impacts of hydrology and salinity input on methane fluxes in 2022 and 2023 (Sulman et al., 2024).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗