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Results for “RUBIDIUM 74”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2013

The influence of pairing correlations on the isospin symmetry breaking corrections of superallowed Fermi beta decays

Within the framework of quasi-particle random phase approximation, the isospin breaking correction of superallowed 0{sup +} {yields} 0{sup +} beta decay and unitarity of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix have been investigated. The broken isotopic symmetry of nuclear part of Hamiltonian has been restored by Pyatov's method. The isospin symmetry breaking correction with pairing correlations has been compared with the previous results without pairing. The effect of pairing interactions has been examined for nine superallowed Fermi beta decays; their parent nuclei are {sup 26}Al, {sup 34}Cl, {sup 38}K, {sup 42}Sc, {sup 46}V, {sup 50}Mn, {sup 54}Co, {sup 62}Ga, {sup 74}Rb.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Superallowed nuclear beta decay: Precision measurements for basic physics

For 60 years, superallowed 0{sup +}{yields}0{sup +} nuclear beta decay has been used to probe the weak interaction, currently verifying the conservation of the vector current (CVC) to high precision ({+-}0.01%) and anchoring the most demanding available test of the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix ({+-}0.06%), a fundamental pillar of the electroweak standard model. Each superallowed transition is characterized by its ft-value, a result obtained from three measured quantities: the total decay energy of the transition, its branching ratio, and the half-life of the parent state. Today's data set is composed of some 150 independent measurements of 13 separate superallowed transitions covering a wide range of parent nuclei from {sup 10}C to {sup 74}Rb. Excellent consistency among the average results for all 13 transitions - a prediction of CVC - also confirms the validity of the small transition-dependent theoretical corrections that have been applied to account for isospin symmetry breaking. With CVC consistency established, the value of the vector coupling constant, G{sub V}, has been extracted from the data and used to determine the top left element of the CKM matrix, V{sub ud}. With this result the top-row unitarity test of the CKM matrix yields the value 0.99995(61), a result that sets a tight limit on possible new physics beyond the standard model. To have any impact on these fundamental weak-interaction tests, any measurement must be made with a precision of 0.1% or better - a substantial experimental challenge well beyond the requirements of most nuclear physics measurements. I overview the current state of the field and outline some of the requirements that need to be met by experimentalists if they aim to make measurements with this high level of precision.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Spectrum of spin waves in cold polarized gases

The spin dynamics of cold polarized gases are investigated using the Boltzmann equation. The dispersion relation for spin waves (transverse component of the magnetic moment) and the spin diffusion coefficient of the longitudinal component of the magnetic moment are calculated without using fitting parameters. The spin wave frequency and the diffusion coefficient for rubidium atoms are estimated numerically.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Exotic looped trajectories via quantum marking

We provide an analytical theoretical study of exotic looped trajectories (ELTs) in a double-slit interferometer with quantum marking. We propose using an excited Rydberg-like atom and superconducting cavities as which-way detectors, just as in the Scully–Englert–Walther interferometer. We show that the resonant interaction between the atom and the field in the cavities can be used to eliminate the effect of non-exotic trajectories and exhibit only the effect of ELTs in the interference pattern. We quantitatively describe our results for Rubidium atoms and suggest this framework as a scheme to measure exotic looped paths and deviations from the standard superposition principle.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Formation of a beam of cold atoms by laser frequency tuning

We report the possibility of producing a beam of slow atoms with a characteristic velocity of ∼1 m s{sup −1} by the ‘chirp’ method, namely, cooling by variable-frequency radiation. Method modifications are considered, which substantially reduce dimensions of the slower, the width of the longitudinal velocity distribution of the atomic beam, and the area of its cross section. The modified method of laser radiation frequency tuning for cooling rubidium atoms is mathematically simulated. (paper)

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Terahertz radiation in alkali vapor plasmas

By taking advantage of low ionization potentials of alkali atoms, we demonstrate terahertz wave generation from cesium and rubidium vapor plasmas with an amplitude nearly one order of magnitude larger than that from nitrogen gas at low pressure (0.02–0.5 Torr). The observed phenomena are explained by the numerical modeling based upon electron tunneling ionization.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Key technologies and applications of laser cooling and trapping {sup 87}Rb atomic system

Atom Interferometry is proved to be a potential method for measuring the acceleration of atoms due to Gravity, we are now building a feasible system of cold atom gravimeter. In this paper development and the important applications of laser cooling and trapping atoms are introduced, some key techniques which are used to obtain {sup 87}Rb cold atoms in our experiments are also discussed.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Magnetic Resonance Frequency Shifts of Spin-Polarized Cesium Atoms in a Cs–Rb Mixture

The interaction of spin-polarized cesium atoms with cesium and rubidium atoms under conditions of optical orientation of atoms is considered. On the basis of data on spin-exchange complex cross sections in the Cs–Cs and Cs–Rb systems, a calculation of a magnetic resonance frequency shift of cesium atoms in a Cs–Rb mixture, as well as comparison of the calculated values of the frequency shift with experimental data, is performed.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Trapping and detection of single rubidium atoms in an optical dipole trap using a long-focus objective lens

The trapping of single atoms in optical dipole traps is widely used in experiments on the implementation of quantum processors based on neutral atoms, and studying interatomic interactions. Typically, such experiments employ lenses with a large numerical aperture (NA > 0.5), highly sensitive EMCCD cameras, or photon counters. In this work, we demonstrate trapping and detection of single rubidium atoms using a long-focus objective lens with a numerical aperture NA = 0.172 and a FLir Tau CNV sCMOS camera. (paper)

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Scheme of a hydrogen-molecule quantum simulator based on two ultracold rubidium atoms

A scheme is proposed for implementing a hydrogen-molecule quantum simulator based on two ultracold rubidium atoms trapped into spatially separated optical dipole traps. The scheme includes the adiabatic preparation of the initial quantum state of two atoms and the iterative quantum phase estimation. The accuracy of measuring the ground state energy of a molecule is numerically calculated as a function of the number of iterations. The simulation is performed using two-qubit gates based on the dipole blockade effect under short-term excitation of atoms into the Rydberg states with allowance for the finite lifetime of Rydberg states and the finite energies of the van der Waals interaction. (paper)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2019

Acousto-optic modulators for a controlled frequency shift of light beams in optical and microwave cold-atom frequency standards

A series of specialised acousto-optic modulators/frequency shifters based on paratellurite (TeO{sub 2}) single crystals is developed for systems of laser cooling and frequency stabilisation of laser sources in optical and microwave frequency standards based on cold strontium, rubidium and caesium atoms. The methods of calculation and optimisation of the main parameters of acousto-optic modulators are considered; their basic technical characteristics are experimentally investigated in the spectral range of optical radiation 460 – 900 nm and in the frequency shift range of 5 – 400 MHz. The modulators have a high diffraction efficiency, low power consumption and the ability to work with linearly and randomly polarised optical radiation. (frequency standards)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Two strongly contrasting Λ-systems in the D{sub 1} line of {sup 87}Rb in a transverse magnetic field

Four different types of spectroscopic cells that cover all possible existing versions of sealed-off cells (containing alkali atomic vapor) characterized by drastically different relaxation rates γ{sub rel} are used to study the electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of two Λ-systems in the D{sub 1} line of {sup 87}Rb in the presence of transverse magnetic field. Two cw narrowband diode-lasers are used to form the coupling laser radiation (with a fixed frequency) and the probe radiation with a tunable frequency. Two strongly contrasting Λ-systems are found: the first shows resonances that are transformed from dark resonances to bright resonances in all cases apart from nanocells, whereas the second shows four dark resonances in all four different types of cell. The theoretical simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Reactive scattering calculations for {sup 87}Rb+{sup 87}RbHe→Rb{sub 2}({sup 3}Σ{sub u}{sup +},v)+He from ultralow to intermediate energies

We investigate atom-diatom reactive collisions, as a preliminary step, in order to assess the possibility of forming Rb{sub 2} molecules in their lowest triplet electronic state by cold collisions of rubidium atoms on the surface of helium nanodroplets. A simple model related to the well-known Rosen treatment of linear triatomic molecules [N. Rosen, J. Chem. Phys. 1, 319 (1933)] in relative coordinates is used, allowing to estimate reactive probabilities for different values of the total angular momentum. The best available full dimensional potential energy surface [Guillon et al., J. Chem. Phys. 136, 174307 (2012)] is employed through the calculations. Noticeable values of the probabilities in the ultracold regime, which numerically fulfill the Wigner threshold law, support the feasibility of the process. The rubidium dimer is mainly produced at high vibrational states, and the reactivity is more efficient for a bosonic helium partner than when the fermion species is considered.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Resonance dispersion interaction of alkali metal atoms in Rydberg states

With the use of second-order perturbation theory in the long-range interatomic interaction for the degenerate states of two Rydberg atoms we have obtained a general formula for the dependence of atomic interaction energy on the interatomic distance R in the presence of the Förster resonance. Inside of the ‘Förster sphere’ ( R < R {sub F}) this dependence transforms to the formula for electric dipole interaction energy Δ E {sub d−d} = C {sub 3}/ R {sup 3} and for R > R {sub F} it transforms to the formula for the van der Waals interaction energy Δ E {sub VdW} = − C {sub 6}/ R {sup 6}. The van der Waals constant C {sub 6} is represented as an expansion in terms of irreducible components which define the dependence on the interatomic axis orientation relative to the quantisation axis of projections M of the total angular momentum J. The numerical values of the irreducible components of tensor C {sub 6} were calculated for rubidium atoms in the same Rydberg states | nlJM 〉 with large quantum numbers n. We present the calculated resonance interaction energy of two rubidium atoms in the states |43D{sub 5/2M}〉, whose total energy exceeds by only 8 MHz the total energy of one of the atoms in the state |45P{sub 3/2M}〉 and of the other in the state |41F{sub 7/2}M〉. (paper)

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Linewidth-tunable laser diode array for rubidium laser pumping

To optimise the pump source for a high-power diodepumped rubidium vapour laser, we have designed a laser diode array (LDA) with a narrowed and tunable linewidth and an external cavity formed by two volume Bragg gratings (VBGs). Through controlling the temperature differences between the two VBGs, the LDA linewidth, which was 1.8 nm before mounting the two VBGs, was tunable from 100 pm to 0.2 nm, while the output power changed by no more than 4 %. By changing simultaneously the temperature in both VBGs, the centre wavelength in air of the linewidth-tunable LDA was tunable from 779.40 nm to 780.05 nm. (control of laser radiation parameters)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2021

The APOGEE Data Release 16 Spectral Line List

The updated H-band spectral-line list (from λ15000–17000) adopted by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) for the SDSS-IV Data Release 16 (DR16) is presented in this work. The APOGEE line list is a combination of atomic and molecular lines, with data drawn from laboratory, theoretical, and astrophysical sources. Oscillator strengths and damping constants are adjusted using high signal-to-noise, high-resolution spectra of the Sun, and α Boo (Arcturus), as “standard stars.” Updates to the DR16 line list, as compared to the previous DR14 version, include the addition of molecular H{sub 2}O and FeH lines, as well as a much larger (by a factor of ∼4) atomic line list, including a significantly greater number of transitions with hyperfine splitting. More recent references and line lists for the crucial molecules, CO and OH, as well as for C{sub 2} and SiH, are also included. In contrast to DR14, DR16 contains measurable lines from the heavy neutron-capture elements cerium (as Ce ii), neodymium (as Nd ii), and ytterbium (as Yb ii), as well as one line from rubidium (as Rb i), which may be detectable in a small fraction of APOGEE red giants.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Raman − Ramsey pulsed excitation of coherent population trapping resonances in a {sup 87}Rb cell with a buffer gas

We report the results of experimental investigation of the Raman – Ramsey method of pulsed excitation of coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances in a rubidium vapour cell filled with a mixture of Ar and Ne buffer gases. For the development of compact quantum microwave frequency standards, this method is an alternative to the pulsed optical pumping method recently implemented using the same rubidium cell. Both methods have advantages over the traditional double radio-optical resonance technique, the main of which is the substantial suppression of the light shift of the clock transition frequency, since the evolution of the coherence of atomic states forming the clock transition occurs in the absence of laser radiation in the cell. The narrow (110 – 240 Hz) Raman – Ramsey resonances are obtained using the scheme of pulsed excitation of CPT resonances on the D{sub 1} lines of the {sup 87}Rb atom with the same linear (lin||lin) polarisations of the bichromatic laser radiation components. The process of optimising the central fringe linewidth, its contrast, and the linewidth-to-contrast ratio is described. The magnetic dependence of the Raman – Ramsey line central fringe linewidth is experimentally investigated. (paper)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗