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Results for “S-W”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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14 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Wakefulness in Prolonged Confinement

The dysynchronization of human circadian rhythms during 7 long-term (2 to 6 months) confinement experiments in temporal isolation in caves was studied. Five subjects abandon the circadian period of sleep and wakefulness (S-W) and spontaneously reach a circabidian S-W cycle (34 to 36 hr waking, 14 to 12 hr sleep) they maintain during weeks. Some subjects reach the 48 hr cycle very quickly (8 to 15 days), others after months. Polygraphic analyses of sleep show that rapid eye movement state (REMS) duration is directly proportional to the total duration of sleep and that the ultradian periodicity of REMS remains constant when S-W cycle is circadian or circabidian. When S-W cycle desynchronizes from circadian to circabidian, REMS and S-4 increase at the expense of stages I-2 and remain in constant relationship with the duration of previous wakefulness period.

M Siffre↗
NASA NTRS2002

Enabling Computational Nanotechnology through JavaGenes in a Cycle Scavenging Environment

A genetic algorithm procedure is developed and implemented for fitting parameters for many-body inter-atomic force field functions for simulating nanotechnology atomistic applications using portable Java on cycle-scavenged heterogeneous workstations. Given a physics based analytic functional form for the force field, correlated parameters in a multi-dimensional environment are typically chosen to fit properties given either by experiments and/or by higher accuracy quantum mechanical simulations. The implementation automates this tedious procedure using an evolutionary computing algorithm operating on hundreds of cycle-scavenged computers. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the procedure for evaluating the Stillinger-Weber (S-W) potential by (a) reproducing the published parameters for Si using S-W energies in the fitness function, and (b) evolving a "new" set of parameters using semi-empirical tightbinding energies in the fitness function. The "new" parameters are significantly better suited for Si cluster energies and forces as compared to even the published S-W potential.

Globus, Al↗
NASA NTRS1986

Preliminary analysis of cometary dust trails

Dust trails are observed in the orbits of some short-period comets. Large particles, having diameters in the submillimeter range and larger, are ejected by these comets into orbits close to that of the parent comet. By considering the effects of ejection and radiation forces, the spread of particles of different diameters along a parent comet's orbit, both ahead and behind the comet in mean anomaly were modeled. Using this model, the ages of the dust trail material associated with P/Tempel 2, P/Gunn, P/Encke, and P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 were estimated; they are found to consist of emissions occurring over a minimum of one to a few orbital periods. It also becomes possible to constrain the particle diameters in a trail segment forward of a comet's orbital position. Such a forward extension is observed in the Tempel 2 and Gunn dust trails, but not the Encke and S-W 1 dust trails. Relative particle sizes among these trails are discussed. The Tempel 2 dust trail is found to have an excess of particles with diameters greater than 1 mm.

Sykes, M. V.↗
DOE OSTI2022

5f covalency from x-ray resonant Raman spectroscopy

Here, X-ray resonant Raman spectroscopy (XRRS), a variant of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, has been used to investigate the two prototype systems, UF 4 and UO 2 . Both are U5f 2 and each is an example of 5f localized, ionic behavior and 5f localized, covalent behavior, respectively. From the M 5 XRRS measurements, the 5f band gap in each can be directly determined and, moreover, a clear and powerful sensitivity to 5f covalency emerges.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

New insights into the electronic structure of α-U and δ-Pu

Here, this work presents the results of a theoretical study of the electronic structure of two actinide metals, α -U and δ -Pu. We compare our ab-initio results obtained with the recently developed self-consistent Vertex corrected GW approach with previously published experimental measurements such as photo-electron spectroscopy, for the occupied density of states, and bremsstralung isochromat spectroscopy (BIS) and inverse photo-electron spectroscopy (IPES), for the unoccupied density of states. Our ab-initio approach includes all important relativistic effects (it is based on Dirac’s equation) and it represents the first application of the Vertex corrected GW approach in the physics of actinides. Overall, our theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data, which supports the level of approximations which our theoretical method is based upon. By comparing our vertex corrected GW results with our results obtained with less sophisticated approaches (local density approximation and self-consistent GW) we differentiate the strength of correlation effects in Uranium and Plutonium. Also, our theoretical results allow us to elucidate the subtle differences between the previously published experimental BIS and IPES data on the unoccupied density of states in α -U.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two WS2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS by Materials Project

SW1 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3mc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. W2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent S2- atoms. There are three shorter (2.37 Å) and one longer (2.49 Å) W–S bond lengths. S2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent W2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite-like structured and crystallizes in the trigonal R3m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three WS2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite-like structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P-6m2 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one WS2 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite-like structured and crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two WS2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite-like structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P-6m2 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three WS2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on WS2 by Materials Project

WS2 is Molybdenite-like structured and crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four WS2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. W4+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing WS6 pentagonal pyramids. All W–S bond lengths are 2.42 Å. S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent W4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1989

Numerical investigation of an internal layer in turbulent flow over a curved hill

The development of an internal layer in a turbulent boundary layer flow over a curved hill is investigated numerically. The turbulence field of the boundary layer flow over the curved hill is compared with that of a turbulent flow over a symmetric airfoil (which has the same geometry as the curved hill except that the leading and trailing edge plates were removed) to study the influence of the strongly curved surface on the turbulence field. The turbulent flow equations are solved by a control-volume based finite difference method. The turbulence is described by a multiple-time-scale turbulence model supplemented with a near-wall turbulence model. Computational results for the mean flow field (pressure distributions on the walls, wall shearing stresses and mean velocity profiles), the turbulence structure (Reynolds stress and turbulent kinetic energy profiles), and the integral parameters (displacement and momentum thicknesses) compared favorably with the measured data. Computational results show that the internal layer is a strong turbulence field which is developed beneath the external boundary layer and is located very close to the wall. Development of the internal layer was more obviously observed in the Reynolds stress profiles and in the turbulent kinetic energy profiles than in the mean velocity profiles. In this regard, the internal layers is significantly different from wall-bounded simple shear layers in which the mean velocity profile characterizes the boundary layer most distinguishably. Development of such an internal layer, characterized by an intense turbulence field, is attributed to the enormous mean flow strain rate caused by the streamline curvature and the strong pressure gradient. In the turbulent flow over the curved hill, the internal layer begin to form near the forward corner of the hill, merges with the external boundary layer, and develops into a new fully turbulent boundary layer as the fluid flows in the downstream direction. For the flow over the symmetric airfoil, the boundary layer began to form from almost the same location as that of the curved hill, grew in its strength, and formed a fully turbulent boundary layer from mid-part of the airfoil and in the downstream region. Computational results also show that the detailed turbulence structure in the region very close to the wall of the curved hill is almost the same as that of the airfoil in most of the curved regions except near the leading edge. Thus the internal layer of the curved hill and the boundary layer of the airfoil were also almost the same. Development of the wall shearing stress and separation of the boundary layer at the rear end of the curved hill mostly depends on the internal layer and is only slightly influenced by the external boundary layer flow.

Kim, S-W.↗