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DOE OSTI2013

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 75

The experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 75 (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr) have been evaluated and presented together with Adopted properties for levels and γ rays. New high-spin data are available for {sup 75}Ga, and {sup 75}Rb; and lifetime data for high-spin states in {sup 75}Br and {sup 75}Kr. For ΔJ =1, M1+E2 transitions in two rotational bands in {sup 75}Kr, several B(E2)(W.u.) values are anomalously high, deviating by 2–3 σ values from currently accepted RUL(E2) = 300. In the opinion of the evaluators, there is need to remeasure level lifetimes and multipole mixing ratios in {sup 75}Kr to resolve this serious discrepancy. New precise single-particle transfer cross section data are available for {sup 75}Ga, {sup 75}Ge, {sup 75}As and {sup 75}Se from several different reactions (2009Ka06,2008Sc03); these data give information for occupancy of valence neutron orbitals in the ground states of target nuclides: {sup 76}Ge, {sup 76}Se and {sup 78}Se. No significant new data since the 1999 NDS for A = 75 have been reported for {sup 75}As and {sup 75}Se. No data are yet available for excited states in {sup 75}Co, {sup 75}Ni and {sup 75}Sr. For {sup 75}Fe, only the isotopic identification is made with one observed event. The radioactive decay schemes of {sup 75}Co and {sup 75}Ni are unknown while those for {sup 75}Rb and {sup 75}Sr are incomplete. This work supersedes the data presented in the previous NDS evaluation of A = 75 published by 1999Fa05.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Effects of Sediment Containing Coal Ash from the Kingston Ash Release on Embryo-Larval Development in the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas (Rafinesque, 1820)

The largest environmental release of coal ash in U.S. history occurred in December 2008 with the failure of a retention structure at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Kingston Fossil Plant in East Tennessee. A byproduct of coal-burning power plants, coal ash is enriched in metals and metalloids such as selenium and arsenic with known toxicity to fish including embryonic and larval stages. The effects of contact exposure to sediments containing up to 78 % coal ash from the Kingston spill on the early development of fish embryos and larvae were examined in 7-day laboratory tests with the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). No significant effects were observed on hatching success, incidences of gross developmental abnormalities, or embryo-larval survival. Results suggest that direct exposures to sediment containing residual coal ash from the Kingston ash release may not present significant risks to fish eggs and larvae in waterways affected by the spill.

Coal Ash Toxicity Fish Early Life Stages Selenium ↗