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DOE OSTI2012

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 92

Nuclear structure and decay data pertaining to all nuclides with mass number A = 92 (As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd) have been compiled and evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. All literature available by 15 September 2012 has been considered. This evaluation supersedes the previous publication for this mass chain (Coral M. Baglin, Nuclear Data Sheets 91, 423 (2000) (November 2000 cutoff date)), and subsequent unpublished reevaluations by C.M. Baglin for {sup 92}Kr (January 2004 literature cut-off) and {sup 92}Sr (August 2003 literature cut-off).

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2017

Excitation Function Calculations of Neutron-Induced Reactions of Some Zirconium Target Isotopes

Nuclear structures with high performance materials will be critical for the success of future fusion energy. Zirconium alloys are extensively used for nuclear reactor core materials as fuel cladding and guide tubes due to excellent radiation and corrosion resistant properties. In this paper, the excitation functions of {sup 90}Zr(n,2n){sup 89}Zr, {sup 90}Zr(n,α){sup 87}Sr, {sup 91}Zr(n,p){sup 91}Y and {sup 92}Zr(n,p){sup 92}Y nuclear reactions were calculated for energies up to 25 MeV. Besides, ALICE/ASH and TALYS 1.6 codes were used for the cross section calculations. The obtained calculations were compared with the experimental data in the literature.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Relaxation behavior of oxygen deficient strontium manganite

Conduction behavior of nanocrystalline oxygen deficient ceramic-SrMnO{sub 3–δ}(δ∼0.14) has been studied. The structural analysis of nano-SrMnO{sub 2.86} follows hexagonal unit cell structure with P6{sub 3}/mmc (194) space group belonging to 6/mmm point group with 4H – layered type hexagonal-cubic layers. The system have lattice parameters; a = 5.437(92) Å, c = 9.072(92) Å, c/a∼1.66 (85) with α =90° γ= 120° and cell volume, V= 232.35(18). The relaxation times estimated from complex impedance and modulus relaxation spectrum, show the thermally activated system with corresponding activation energies as 0.66 eV and 0.51 eV The stretching factor ‘β’ from the scaled modulus spectrum shows the poly-dispersive non-Debye nature of the system. The hopping number ‘n’ shows the influence of ionic charge carriers which controls the conduction mechanism of nano-SrMnO{sub 2.86}.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

DOE OSTI2019

Molybdenum Isotopes in Presolar Silicon Carbide Grains: Details of s -process Nucleosynthesis in Parent Stars and Implications for r - and p -processes

We have analyzed molybdenum isotopes, together with strontium and barium isotopes, in 18 presolar silicon carbide grains using the Chicago Instrument for Laser Ionization (CHILI), a resonance ionization mass spectrometer. All observed isotope ratios can be explained by mixtures of pure s-process matter with isotopically solar material. Grain residues were subsequently analyzed for carbon, nitrogen, silicon, and sulfur isotopes, as well as a subset for 26 Al– 26 Mg systematics using the NanoSIMS. These analyses showed that all but one grain are mainstream grains, most probably coming from low-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. One grain is of the AB type, for which the origin is still a matter of debate. The high precision of molybdenum isotope measurements with CHILI provides the best estimate to date for s -process molybdenum made in low-mass AGB stars. The average molybdenum isotopic abundances produced by the s -process found in the analyzed mainstream SiC grains are 0% 92 Mo, 0.73% 94 Mo, 13.30% 95 Mo, 36.34% 96 Mo, 9.78% 97 Mo, 39.42% 98 Mo, and 0.43% 100 Mo. Solar molybdenum can be explained as a combination of 45.9% s -process, 30.6% r -process, and 23.5% p -process contributions. Moreover, the observed variability in the individual grain data provides insights into the variability of conditions (neutron density, temperature, and timescale) during s -process nucleosynthesis in the grains' parent stars, as they have subtle effects on specific molybdenum isotope ratios. Lastly, the results indicate that the ratio between p - and r -process molybdenum in presolar SiC from many different types of parent stars is Mo p /Mo r = 0.767, the value inferred for the solar system and consistent with what has been found in bulk samples and leachates of primitive meteorites.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2018

Using strontium isotopes to evaluate the spatial variation of groundwater recharge

Recharge of alluvial aquifers is a key component in understanding the interaction between floodplain vadose zone biogeochemistry and groundwater quality. The Rifle Site (a former U-mill tailings site) adjacent to the Colorado River is a well-established field laboratory that has been used for over a decade for the study of biogeochemical processes in the vadose zone and aquifer. This site is considered an exemplar of both a riparian floodplain in a semiarid region and a post-remediation U-tailings site. In this paper we present Sr isotopic data for groundwater and vadose zone porewater samples collected in May and July 2013 to build a mixing model for the fractional contribution of vadose zone porewater (i.e. recharge) to the aquifer and its variation across the site. The vadose zone porewater contribution to the aquifer ranged systematically from 0% to 38% and appears to be controlled largely by the microtopography of the site. The area-weighted average contribution across the site was 8% corresponding to a net recharge of 7.5 cm. Given a groundwater transport time across the site of ~1.5 to 3 years, this translates to a recharge rate between 5 and 2.5 cm/yr, and with the average precipitation to the site implies a loss from the vadose zone due to evapotranspiration of 83% to 92%, both ranges are in good agreement with previously published results by independent methods. A uranium isotopic ( 234 U/ 238 U activity ratios) mixing model for groundwater and surface water samples indicates that a ditch across the site is hydraulically connected to the aquifer and locally significantly affects groundwater. Groundwater samples with high U concentrations attributed to natural bio-reduced zones have 234 U/ 238 U activity ratios near 1, suggesting that the U currently being released to the aquifer originated from the former U-mill tailings.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2021

Structure of even-even Sr isotopes with 50 ≤ N ≤ 58 neutrons

Excited levels in Sr 90 , Sr 92 , Sr 94 , and Sr 96 nuclei were reinvestigated using high-statistics multiple- γ coincidence data from neutron-induced fission of U 235 and spontaneous fission of Cf 252 , measured using Exogam at Institut Laue Langevin and Gammasphere arrays, respectively. The experimental goal was the search for new excited levels and firm spin-parity assignments to known levels. A total of 23 new levels with 30 new or corrected decays and 39 new or improved spin-parity assignments were obtained in the four nuclei. Negative-parity structures on top of 3 - excitation were firmly identified and extended to higher spins. New positive-parity structures in Sr 94 and Sr 96 were observed with 3 + excitations characteristic of γ collectivity. The 277.7-keV, E 2 decay from the 1507.0-keV level to the second 0 + level in Sr 96 , found in this paper, completes the coexisting deformed band in this nucleus. To learn about the microscopic structure of levels in the Sr 88 - 96 nuclei, we performed large-scale shell-model calculations. The calculations compared to the experiment, helped the discussion of the evolution of collectivity in strontium isotopes, highlighting the important role of various single-particle excitations in phase transitions and shape coexistence in the region. The special role of the neutron 9 / 2 + [ 404 ] extruder as a catalyst of the deformation change in the region is highlighted.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗