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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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Handling qualities of a wide-body transport airplane utilizing Pitch Active Control Systems (PACS) for relaxed static stability application

Piloted simulation studies have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two pitch active control systems (PACS) on the flying qualities of a wide-body transport airplane when operating at negative static margins. These two pitch active control systems consisted of a simple 'near-term' PACS and a more complex 'advanced' PACS. Eight different flight conditions, representing the entire flight envelope, were evaluated with emphasis on the cruise flight conditions. These studies were made utilizing the Langley Visual/Motion Simulator (VMS) which has six degrees of freedom. The simulation tests indicated that (1) the flying qualities of the baseline aircraft (PACS off) for the cruise and other high-speed flight conditions were unacceptable at center-of-gravity positions aft of the neutral static stability point; (2) within the linear static stability flight envelope, the near-term PACS provided acceptable flying qualities for static stabilty margins to -3 percent; and (3) with the advanced PACS operative, the flying qualities were demonstrated to be good (satisfactory to very acceptable) for static stabilty margins to -20 percent.

Grantham, William D.↗

The enigmatic object variable A in M33

Variable A is a very luminous (about -9.5 mag), highly unstable star in M33. In 1950, it was one of the visibly brightest stars in M33, with the spectrum of a very luminous F supergiant. It then rapidly declined in brightness by 3.5 mag, becoming faint and red after slowly increasing in brightness during the previous 50 yr. This paper reports current spectroscopy and visual and infrared photometry. Variable A is still faint and red and now has the spectrum of an M supergiant. It also has a large infrared excess and is today as bright at 10 microns as it was at its visual maximum in 1950. Its energy distribution, luminosities, and mass-loss rate, which is quite large at 0.0002 solar mass/yr, are discussed. Its present late-type spectrum is probably produced in a cool pseudophotosphere, and it is shedding its mass in a high-density, low-velocity wind. A possible explanation is presented for Variable A's bizarre behavior as a massive star near the critical limit to its stabilty for its initial mass and temperature, where the balance between the radiation pressure, turbulence, and gravity of its atmosphere is very uncertain.

Humphreys, Roberta M.↗