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Results for “TARGET ACQUISITION”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1975

Autonomous target acquisition techniques

Target acquisition is often needed in a deep space mission where the detector on board the space vehicle must be able to perform the decision making process in acquiring the target. That is, the system for target acquisition must be autonomous. This paper presents several autonomous target acquisition techniques, applicable to deep space mission, for detecting stationary and moving targets. These techniques are useful for sensors such as radar, star tracker and television since the target must be found before it can be tracked. A minimum signal-to-noise ratio can be specified for successful acquisition of target.

Brock, H. I.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Synthetic aperture radar operator tactical target acquisition research

A radar target acquisition research study was conducted to access the effects of two levels of 13 radar sensor, display, and mission parameters on operator tactical target acquisition. A saturated fractional-factorial screening design was employed to examine these parameters. Data analysis computed ETA squared values for main and second-order effects for the variables tested. Ranking of the research parameters in terms of importance to system design revealed four variables (radar coverage, radar resolution/multiple looks, display resolution, and display size) accounted for 50 percent of the target acquisition probability variance.

Hershberger, M. L.↗
NASA NTRS1997

STIS target acquisition

We describe the STIS autonomous target acquisition capabilities. We also present the results of dedicated tests executed as part of Cycle 7 calibration, following post-launch improvements to the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) flight software. The residual pointing error from the acquisitions are < 0.5 CCD pixels, which is better than preflight estimates. Execution of peakups show clear improvement of target centering for slits of width 0.1 sec or smaller. These results may be used by Guest Observers in planning target acquisitions for their STIS programs.

Kraemer, Steve↗
NASA NTRS2004

Characterizing the effects of droplines on target acquisition performance on a 3-D perspective display

The present study investigated the effects of droplines on target acquisition performance on a 3-D perspective display in which participants were required to move a cursor into a target cube as quickly as possible. Participants' performance and coordination strategies were characterized using both Fitts' law and acquisition patterns of the 3 viewer-centered target display dimensions (azimuth, elevation, and range). Participants' movement trajectories were recorded and used to determine movement times for acquisitions of the entire target and of each of its display dimensions. The goodness of fit of the data to a modified Fitts function varied widely among participants, and the presence of droplines did not have observable impacts on the goodness of fit. However, droplines helped participants navigate via straighter paths and particularly benefited range dimension acquisition. A general preference for visually overlapping the target with the cursor prior to capturing the target was found. Potential applications of this research include the design of interactive 3-D perspective displays in which fast and accurate selection and manipulation of content residing at multiple ranges may be a challenge.

Time and Motion Studies↗
NASA NTRS1982

Modeling human target acquisition in ground-to-air weapon systems

The problems associated with formulating and validating mathematical models for describing and predicting human target acquisition response are considered. In particular, the extension of the human observer model to include the acquisition phase as well as the tracking segment is presented. Relationship of the Observer model structure to the more complex Standard Optimal Control model formulation and to the simpler Transfer Function/Noise representation is discussed. Problems pertinent to structural identifiability and the form of the parameterization are elucidated. A systematic approach toward the identification of the observer acquisition model parameters from ensemble tracking error data is presented.

Phatak, A. V.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Automated Target Acquisition, Recognition and Tracking (ATTRACT)

The primary objective of phase 1 of this research project is to conduct multidisciplinary research that will contribute to fundamental scientific knowledge in several of the USAF critical technology areas. Specifically, neural networks, signal processing techniques, and electro-optic capabilities are utilized to solve problems associated with automated target acquisition, recognition, and tracking. To accomplish the stated objective, several tasks have been identified and were executed.

Abdallah, Mahmoud A.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Lightweight Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar Characterization For High Density Vertiplex Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operations

With the growth of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Campaign, it is becoming increasingly important for government and enforcement agencies to be able to monitor and safely track urban air traffic that will take place in the coming years. The performance of the Lightweight Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar (LSTAR) is investigated and statistically characterized. The compact LSTAR is mounted on a building at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) and operated to track a SR-22 aircraft. Performance data of the LSTAR tracking is presented by comparing the LSTAR-tracked flight against the onboard flight records and statistical characteristics are presented. Implications of findings to operations within High Density Vertiplex (HDV) at LaRC are discussed. The LSTAR ultimately proves to be a compact method to safely track and monitor small aircraft and other unmanned aerial vehicles.

Nicholas M. Gaug↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Lightweight Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar Characterization for High Density Vertiplex Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operations

Abstract- with the growth of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Campaign, it is becoming increasingly important for government and enforcement agencies to be able to monitor and safely track urban air traffic that will take place in the coming years. The performance of the Lightweight Surveillance and Target Acquisition Radar (LSTAR) is investigated and statistically characterized. The compact LSTAR is mounted on a building at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) and operated to track a SR-22 aircraft. Performance data of of the LSTAR tracking is presented by comparing the LSTAR-tracked flight against the on-board flight records and statistical characteristics are presented. Implications of findings to operations within High Density Vertiplex (HDV) at LaRC are discussed. The LSTAR ultimately proves to be a compact method to safely track and monitor small aircraft and other unmanned aerial vehicles.

Nicholas Gaug↗
NASA NTRS1974

Target Acquisition and Positioning Study (TAPS)

The Scientific Instruments for the Large Space Telescope (LST) require a high degree of accuracy for positioning targets within their respective entrance apertures. The acquisition, verification of position, and guidance during an experiment must be accomplished with a minimum loss of observing time for the maximum effectiveness of the total mission. This study evaluates several viable concepts and modes of operation that are applicable for a Target Acquisition and Positioning System (TAPS) that is responsive to the LST instrument requirements.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1988

Target acquisition and track in the laser docking sensor

A sensor designed to aid in the docking of spacecraft is under development for NASA. This sensor uses three lasers to track the prospective target and to determine the required parameters necessary to calculate the ideal approach maneuver. The system combines the inputs from several sensors, including polarization, continuous tone DME, and a CID to achieve the desired results.

Clowes, Ted J.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Hybrid solution for high-speed target acquisition and identification systems

A typical hierarchy for a general object recognition problem consists of object detection, classification and identification. This paper establishes necessary building blocks required for high-speed object recognition applications. An architecture that combines digital and optical processing, exploiting current image processing techniques for detection and classification, and optical processing hardware is described. An optical processing scheme is suggested for the identification aspect. Numerical results of each proposed concept are presented.

Udomkesmalee, Suraphol↗
NASA NTRS1982

Criteria for Side-Force Control in Air-to-Ground Target Acquisition and Tracking

A moving-base simulator experiment conducted at Ames Research Center demonstrated that a wings-level-turn control mode improved flying qualities for air-to-ground weapons delivery compared with those of a conventional aircraft. Evaluations of criteria for dynamic response for this system have shown that pilot ratings correlate well with equivalent time constant of the initial response and with system bandwidth. Ranges of this time constant, as well as digital-system transport delays and lateral-acceleration control authorities that encompassed level 1 through level 3 handling qualities, were determined.

Sammonds, Robert I.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Experiment Pointing Subsystems (EPS) requirements for Spacelab missions

The goal of the experiment pointing subsystems (EPS) is to accommodate a broad spectrum of instrument types by providing a number of stability and control functions that greatly exceed the capability of the shuttle. These functions include target acquisition, target tracking through wide gimbal ranges, stabilization, simultaneous pointing to one or more targets, instrument rastering, and on-orbit calibration. The experiments will vary widely in size, weight, geometry, and instrument types, and many have not been completely defined. This great diversity of requirements reflects the long term plans of the user community and establishes challenging performance requirements for the EPS.

Nein, M. E.↗
NASA NTRS2018

Mitigation of Attentional Tunneling in the Flight Deck Using a Spatial Auditory Display

The role of attentional bias to a specific form of information, e.g., visual versus aural instructions, was evaluated to address the issue of attentional fixation (i.e., "cognitive tunneling") in the flight deck. A method of mitigating attentional tunneling using a spatial auditory display was evaluated in the presence and absence of a biasing factor. Data were gathered for participant recognition, accuracy and response times to aural and visual instructions under different conditions of distractor stimuli. Results showed a significant main effect for target acquisition with the use of spatial audio techniques. No significant main effects or interactions were found for target acquisition timing. Target acquisition was not affected by a "gaming score" biasing factor associated with the distractor tasks.

readback errors↗
NASA NTRS1979

Study of a stereo electro-optical tracker system for the measurement of model deformations at the national transonic facility

An electro-optical method to measure the aeroelastic deformations of wind tunnel models is examined. The multitarget tracking performance of one of the two electronic cameras comprising the stereo pair is modeled and measured. The properties of the targets at the model, the camera optics, target illumination, number of targets, acquisition time, target velocities, and tracker performance are considered. The electronic camera system is shown to be capable of locating, measuring, and following the positions of 5 to 50 targets attached to the model at measuring rates up to 5000 targets per second.

Hertel, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Science observations with the IUE using the one-gyro mode

The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) attitude control system originally included an inertial reference package containing six gyroscopes for three axis stabilization. The science instrument includes a prime and redundant Field Error Sensor (FES) camera for target acquisition and offset guiding. Since launch, four of the six gyroscopes have failed. The current attitude control system utilizes the remaining two gyros and a Fine Sun Sensor (FSS) for three axis stabilization. When the next gyro fails, a new attitude control system will be uplinked which will rely on the remaining gyro and the FSS for general three axis stabilization. In addition to the FSS, the FES cameras will be required to assist in maintaining fine attitude control during target acquisition. This has required thoroughly determining the characteristics of the FES cameras and the spectrograph aperture plate as well as devising new target acquisition procedures. The results of this work are presented.

Imhoff, C.↗